What is the name of the wall facing the rural gate?

The wall facing the rural gate is called the shadow back wall.

The shadow back wall has two special functions in the courtyard building form. No matter how many times you enter a courtyard house in old Beijing, even if it is a single courtyard, the street door always opens in the southeast direction. If we talk about the reason, we have to start with the geographical location of Beijing. Beijing is surrounded by mountains on three sides, the southwest, west, northwest, north and northeast are all surrounded by the Yanshan Mountains. If you look at it from a topographic map, Beijing is another city built on a mountainside. The mountains to the west and north block the cold air from Inner Mongolia and northern China, while the warm and humid air currents from the south and southeast coast often bring warm and humid air currents to Beijing. According to the Five Elements theory of the Book of Changes, the southeast belongs to the Xun position, the five elements are wood, the attribute is wind, and it is responsible for news and affairs. Receiving Qi from this direction is more conducive to a peaceful and healthy home owner than the dry Qi belonging to fire in the south and the vibration and restlessness of wood in the east. Therefore, it is not difficult to see from this geographical environment and the orientation of the five elements that the most conducive orientation for the entire courtyard to open the door and receive Qi is the southeast. In this way, the "Qi" in the courtyard with the southeast door opening will directly hit the south wall of the east wing. The shadow wall then serves to resist the cold wind that blows directly onto the gable wall and brings it to the room. Furthermore, the shadow wall is the first wall that visitors see when they look up when entering the door. Designers who pay attention to looking up to see happiness often use the shadow wall to design auspicious patterns with meaning to achieve beautification. In the royal palaces and the residences of some dignitaries in the city, many of the shadow walls are decorated with glazed tiles. Under the shadow walls, tile fish pots are placed, and ornamental lotuses, koi carp, and sun-reflecting lotus are planted, which is quite charming. To be particular about.