What activities are suitable for Mid-Autumn Festival?
catalogue
What activities are suitable for Mid-Autumn Festival?
Legend of Mid-Autumn Festival
Traditional customs of Mid-Autumn Festival
What is the origin of Mid-Autumn Festival?
How do you spend the Mid-Autumn Festival in different places?
What activities are suitable for Mid-Autumn Festival? 1, enjoy the moon.
Mid-Autumn Festival is the oldest and most famous festival in China, and enjoying the moon is an important custom of the Mid-Autumn Festival.
2. Sacrifice the moon
In ancient China, there was a custom of "autumn and dusk". The moon at night is to worship the moon god. In the Zhou Dynasty, every Mid-Autumn Festival night, activities to welcome the cold and offer sacrifices to the moon were held.
3. Mid-Autumn Lantern
In Huguang area, there is a custom of piling tiles on towers to burn lanterns, while in Jiangnan area, there is a custom of making lanterns.
Step 4 eat moon cakes
Eating moon cakes, the eating habits of Mid-Autumn Festival. Mooncakes were first seen in Liang Lumeng by Wu in the Southern Song Dynasty.
Step 5 observe the tides
In ancient times, Zhejiang Mid-Autumn Festival was another Mid-Autumn Festival activity besides watching the moon.
Step 6 chase the moon
The so-called "chasing the moon" means that after the fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month, the excitement is still endless, so the next night, many people invite relatives and friends to continue to enjoy the moon, which is called "chasing the moon".
Step 7 guess riddles
On the Mid-Autumn Festival full moon night, many lanterns will be hung in public places. People get together to guess the riddles written on lanterns. Because they are the favorite activities of most young men and women, and love stories are also heard in these activities, solve riddles on the lanterns is also derived as a form of love between men and women in the Mid-Autumn Festival.
8. Eat moon cakes
Moon cakes, also known as moon cakes, harvest cakes, palace cakes and reunion cakes. It is an offering to worship the moon god in ancient Mid-Autumn Festival. Moon cakes were originally used to worship the moon god. Later, people gradually regarded Mid-Autumn Festival as a symbol of family reunion.
9. Enjoy osmanthus and drink osmanthus wine
On the night of Mid-Autumn Festival, looking up at osmanthus, smelling osmanthus fragrance and drinking a glass of osmanthus wine in the middle of the month to celebrate the sweetness of the family has become a wonderful enjoyment of the festival.
10, vertical Mid-Autumn Festival
In some places in Guangdong, there is an interesting traditional custom of Mid-Autumn Festival, which is called "Tree Mid-Autumn Festival". The tree is also vertical, which means that the lamp stands high, so it is also called "vertical Mid-Autumn Festival".
1 1, kill deer
"Beating children" is a very popular children's game in the Mid-Autumn Festival. The grapefruit shell is carved with flowers, and lights can be hung in the middle. Children play with their backs in groups.
12, tie lanterns
In ancient Guangdong, when the Mid-Autumn Festival approached, children made rabbit lanterns, carambola lanterns or square lanterns out of bamboo paper with the help of their parents.
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Legend 1 of Mid-Autumn Festival: Tang Gaozu and "Zhu Jie Cake"
The popular view of moon cake legend was in the Tang Dynasty. In the early Tang Dynasty, the East Turkistan was powerful. Tang gaozu rose from Taiyuan and surrendered to Turk Khan, in exchange for relative stability in the north. After the establishment of the Tang Dynasty, the Turks supported the separatist forces such as Xue Ju and Liu Wuzhou to fight against the Tang Dynasty. On the other hand, he relied on the army to strengthen Mazhuang and constantly invaded and transferred troops south. In order to pacify the foreign invasion in the north, Tang Gaozu Li Yuan appointed Li Jing, a famous general at that time, as the commander-in-chief of the Northern Expedition, and fought back against the Turks and finally won.
The day of Li Jing's triumph happened to be August 15, and that night Turpan people just presented cakes to Li Yuan. At that time, Li Yuan was sharing the good news of Li Jing's victory with ministers. He was very happy to see the round cake. He smiled at the sky and blurted out, "Hu Bing wants to invite toads." The general meaning of this sentence is, please come down to earth and share this delicious Hu cake with everyone. Tang gaozu then distributed Hu cakes to ministers, who tasted them together and enjoyed the moon together. It is said that the custom of eating moon cakes on the Mid-Autumn Festival on August 15 came from this and spread from the court to the people.
Second: the "moon cake" named by Yang Guifei.
Early people didn't call moon cakes "moon cakes". There are many names. In the Tang Dynasty, the most popular name was naturally Hu Bing. In the past, the Han people referred to the nomadic people such as Xiongnu, Xianbei, Di, Qiang, Tubo and Turkic who lived in the north and west of China as "Hu people", and their unique daily bread was called "Hu cake" by the Han people. This kind of cake is round, with sugar inside and nuts outside. It is delicious.
So, how did Hu Bing change its name to mooncake?
One Mid-Autumn Festival, I ate moon cakes and enjoyed the moon with Yang Guifei. Pretending to be romantic and elegant, I think Hu cake is not delicious and want to change my name. But what should I call it? I can't think of it at the moment. Yang Guifei looked up and saw a full moon hanging in the air, just like this round Hu cake, so she blurted out-moon cake. Hearing this, Li Longji clapped his hands again and again. A "moon cake", called out.
However, this legend seems to be unreliable. According to records, Li Xian of Tang Xizong once gave a cake to the new Jinshi in the Mid-Autumn Festival. At that time, this kind of cake was not called moon cake. Li Xian was born later than Li Longji 177. To be sure, in the Tang Dynasty, at least in the late Tang Dynasty, moon cakes were not called moon cakes.
In fact, in the Song Dynasty, people did not call moon cakes "moon cakes", but literati liked to call them "golden cakes". In Song Dynasty, the custom of eating moon cakes on Mid-Autumn Festival was not popular. In the Yuan Dynasty, the custom of eating moon cakes on Mid-Autumn Festival became stronger, but it was often called "moon cakes". It was not until the Ming Dynasty that "moon cakes" were officially named, and the custom of eating moon cakes in the Mid-Autumn Festival was also widely circulated.
Third: eat moon cakes and "kill Tartars"
At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, natural disasters and man-made disasters occurred again and again, and the people were in dire straits. The Mongols' rule over the Han people in the Central Plains is also more severe. In some places, in order to enslave the Han people, it is even stipulated that the bride's first night right should be dedicated to the local Mongols. At that time, men were afraid to disclose their wives, and many men and women "stole marriages" to avoid being known by monks. In order to prevent the Han people from rebelling, people are not allowed to hide iron tools, and only ten families can have kitchen knives. These enslavement policies aroused the dissatisfaction of the Han people, and the civil resistance was strong. Uprising is brewing everywhere, and they unanimously agreed to "kill the Tatars" and overthrow the Yuan regime. At that time, public meetings were not feasible. In order to convey the signal of unified action and ensure confidentiality, Zhu Yuanzhang in the south, later Ming Taizu, chose the opportunity to eat moon cakes on August 15 and wrapped a note with the signal of uprising written on it. Through this mode of communication, a huge uprising force has been formed.
Fourth: the Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon and the "elixir of life"
Chang 'e, formerly known as Heng E, is the wife of the mythical figure Hou Yi. In the Western Han Dynasty, in order to avoid Liu Heng's taboo, it was renamed Chang 'e.
The Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon has two versions. One version is that Chang 'e stole the elixir and ran to the moon: "You invited the elixir to the Queen Mother of the West. Before you took it, Heng E stole the elixir and ran to the moon to be the essence of the moon." Hou Yi got the elixir of life from the Queen Mother of the West. After the greedy Chang 'e stole it from her husband, she ran to the moon and became the goddess of the moon.
Another version is that Chang 'e was forced to take the elixir of life: Feng Meng, who studied archery with Hou Yi, heard that Hou Yi had got the elixir of life and stole it. Feng Meng failed to succeed, and evil came from bravery, trying to harm Chang 'e. In desperation, Chang 'e swallowed the elixir and flew to the sky.
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The traditional custom of Mid-Autumn Festival is 1, offering sacrifices to and appreciating the moon in Yue Bai.
It has been recorded in the Book of Rites that "autumn twilight and the moon" means to worship the moon god, and it will be held at this time.
Welcome the cold and offer sacrifices to the moon, and set up incense tables. In the Zhou Dynasty, every Mid-Autumn Festival night, activities to welcome the cold and offer sacrifices to the moon were held. Put a big incense table, with moon cakes, watermelons, apples, red dates, plums, grapes and other sacrifices, among which moon cakes and watermelons are absolutely indispensable, and watermelons should be cut into lotus shapes.
Step 2 observe the tides
In ancient times, Zhejiang Mid-Autumn Festival was another Mid-Autumn Festival activity besides watching the moon.
Step 3 light the lamp
On the night of Mid-Autumn Festival, there is the custom of burning lanterns to help the moon. Nowadays, there is still the custom of piling tiles and burning lamps on towers in Huguang area. Jiangnan has the custom of making lantern boats.
Step 4 guess riddles
On the Mid-Autumn Festival full moon night, many lanterns will be hung in public places. People get together to guess the riddles written on lanterns. Because they are the favorite activities of most young men and women, and love stories are also heard in these activities, solve riddles on the lanterns is also derived as a form of love between men and women in the Mid-Autumn Festival.
Step 5 eat moon cakes
Watching the moon and eating moon cakes is an essential custom in Mid-Autumn Festival in all parts of China. As the saying goes, "Moon cakes are sweet and fragrant when they are full on August 15th". The word moon cake originated from Liang Lumeng written by Wu in the Southern Song Dynasty, when it was just a snack. Later, people gradually associated moon viewing with moon cakes, symbolizing family reunion and bearing their thoughts. At the same time, moon cakes are also an important gift for friends to contact their feelings during the Mid-Autumn Festival.
There is also the custom of Fugui cake in Xiamen, Fujian, and Fugui cake is listed as a national intangible cultural heritage project.
6. Enjoy osmanthus and drink osmanthus wine
People often eat moon cakes, enjoy osmanthus flowers and eat all kinds of foods made of osmanthus flowers, among which cakes and sweets are the most common.
On the night of Mid-Autumn Festival, looking up at osmanthus, smelling osmanthus fragrance and drinking a glass of osmanthus wine in the middle of the month to celebrate the sweetness of the family has become a wonderful enjoyment of the festival. In modern times, people mostly use red wine instead.
7. Play with lanterns
There is no large-scale Lantern Festival in Mid-Autumn Festival, and playing with lanterns is mainly between families and children. As early as the Northern Song Dynasty, it was recorded in Old Wulin that the Mid-Autumn Festival was a custom, and there was an activity of "putting a small red light into the river to drift and play". Lantern playing in Mid-Autumn Festival is mostly concentrated in the south. For example, in the autumn festival in Foshan, there are all kinds of colored lights: sesame lights, eggshell lights, wood shavings lights, straw lights, fish scales lights, chaff lights, melon seeds lights, birds and animals, flowers and trees lights and so on.
In Guangzhou, Hong Kong and other places, Mid-Autumn Festival activities will be held on Mid-Autumn Festival night, and trees will be erected, which means that lanterns will be erected high.
In Nanning, Guangxi, in addition to all kinds of lanterns tied with paper and bamboo for children to play with, there are also simple grapefruit lanterns, pumpkin lanterns and orange lanterns.
There is a simple autumn lantern in Guangxi, which is made of six bamboo sticks, pasted with white gauze paper and inserted with candles. Hanging on the platform for offering sacrifices to the moon or for children to play with.
8. Combustion tower
The game of burning tile lamp (or burning flower tower, burning tile tower and burning fan tower) is widely circulated in the south.
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What is the origin of Mid-Autumn Festival? Mid-Autumn Festival has a long history. Like other traditional festivals, it is also slowly developed. The ancient emperors had a system of offering sacrifices to the sun in spring and the moon in autumn. As early as Zhou Li, the word "Mid-Autumn Festival" has been recorded. Later, aristocratic scholars followed suit. During the Mid-Autumn Festival, they watch and worship the bright and round moon in the sky to express their feelings. This custom spread to the people and formed a traditional activity. Until the Tang Dynasty, people paid more attention to this custom of offering sacrifices to the moon, and the Mid-Autumn Festival became a fixed festival. Emperor Taizong recorded the Mid-Autumn Festival on August 15, which was very popular in the Song Dynasty.
The legend of Mid-Autumn Festival is very rich, and fairy tales such as the Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon, Wu Gang cutting Guangxi and Jade Rabbit smashing medicine are widely circulated.
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How do you spend the Mid-Autumn Festival everywhere? In Wuxi County, Jiangsu Province, you should burn incense on the night of the Mid-Autumn Festival. There are silks around the incense barrel, which depicts the scenery in the Moon Palace. There are incense sticks made of thread Kaori with paper kuixing and colorful flags on them. Shanghainese Mid-Autumn Festival Banquet with Sweet-scented osmanthus honey wine.
On the night of Mid-Autumn Festival in Ji 'an County, Jiangxi Province, every village burns crocks with straw. When the crock is red, put the vinegar in it. At this time, the whole village will smell a fragrance. During the Mid-Autumn Festival in Xincheng County, grass lanterns are hung from the evening of August 1 1 to August 17.
In Sichuan province, in addition to eating moon cakes on Mid-Autumn Festival, people also eat cakes, ducks, sesame cakes and honey cakes. In some places, orange lanterns are also lit and hung at the door to celebrate. There are also children who burn incense on grapefruit and move with street dance, which is called "dancing meteor ball" The Mid-Autumn Festival in Jiading County is called "Kanhui" for offering sacrifices to land gods and performing zaju, vocal music and cultural relics.
In the north, farmers in Qingyun County, Shandong Province offered sacrifices to the god of land valley on August 15, which is called "Young Miao Society". Zhucheng, Linyi, Jimo and other places have to pay homage to their ancestors in addition to the moon. Landlords in guanxian, Laiyang, Guangrao and Postal City also entertain their tenants in the Mid-Autumn Festival. Jimo Mid-Autumn Festival eats a seasonal food called "Wheat Arrow". Banquet for son-in-law at Mid-Autumn Festival in Lu 'an, Shanxi. Datong county calls moon cakes reunion cakes, and it is a custom to keep vigil on Mid-Autumn Festival night.
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