Why is the industrial revolution so fierce in Britain, and the results of the second industrial revolution have almost no British name? But what about Germany and America?

Britain achieved great success in the first industrial revolution, but to some extent, it did not make progress in the new industrial revolution. Because of the huge cost of replacing new technology and equipment, British industrialists would rather continue to use existing equipment such as steam engines. As the most powerful colonial empire at that time, Britain only needed to plunder the colonial economy to make huge profits, which made the British lack the motivation to improve production technology. At this time, the conservative thinking in the field of science and technology in Britain is also very serious, sticking to the existing scientific and technological achievements, and the promotion of many new inventions is hindered (for example, the electric light has been delayed due to the resistance of monopoly forces in the gas industry). As rising stars, America and Germany are much more convenient to adopt the latest technology than Britain. They don't have a vast colony to rely on like Britain, and the demand for improving production technology is more urgent. Moreover, during this period, the two countries were excellent in the research and promotion of new technologies, surpassing Britain and making it rise rapidly in the second industrial revolution.

The reason why Britain didn't have the second industrial revolution first;

(1) Britain is an old capitalist country. The equipment in the textile industry and other departments that dominated the first industrial revolution is outdated, but capitalists would rather export a lot of capital abroad than use it to update domestic production equipment and adopt new technologies; When later countries adopted new technologies and equipment, Britain was still using old machinery and equipment. In the capitalist's view, it is uneconomical to tear down the old machinery and equipment that can continue to be used and replace it with new machinery and equipment, which hinders the progress of British industry.

As the largest colonial empire, Britain has a vast sales market, raw materials and cheap labor. Even in the case of low technical level, British capitalists can make huge profits from the colonies. Britain has vast overseas colonies, and colonies are the best places for capital investment. The colonial people had low living standards, cheap labor, low prices of raw materials and huge industrial profits.

(3) The rapid rise and development of emerging capitalist countries such as Germany, America and Japan. The advanced science, technology and technology brought by Britain, France and other nationalities who entered the North American continent in large numbers, together with the later western development and the gold rush in the United States, attracted a lot of money and manpower to the United States, which made the American economy grow rapidly, completed the industrialization process in a short time, and its basic industries and manufacturing industries quickly caught up with and surpassed Britain. Germany and Japan developed capitalism rapidly by virtue of their own advantages.