The weather in 90 years
199 1 year 65438+February 22-30, a large-scale cooling and rain and snow weather process occurred in China, and the lowest temperatures in northwest and most parts of North China, southwest and east, Jiangnan and South China broke the historical records in the same period; The minimum temperature in the Jianghuai area dropped to-10 ~- 15℃, and that in the south of the Yangtze River dropped to -5 ~- 12℃. There was freezing in Taihu Lake and Hongze Lake, and the maximum ice thickness in Taihu Lake reached 15cm, which was the worst freezing since 1954. Crops, vegetables and fruit trees in parts of Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangxi, Guangdong, Sichuan and other provinces suffered severe freezing damage, including rape 10 17000 mu and citrus1250,000 mu in Jiangxi province.
During the period of 1992, the precipitation in most parts of eastern China was less, and the drought was extensive and lasted for a long time. Huanghuai and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River are severely dry in summer and autumn. The drought-affected area of crops in China is 490 million mu, including 250 million mu, and more than 38 million mu of crops have not been harvested.
1993 1 from the end of the first ten days to the middle of the month, there was a large-scale cooling and rain and snow weather in China, and the average temperature in many areas was the lowest in the same period since the founding of the People's Republic of China. Crops in Jiangsu, Anhui, Jiangxi, Hubei, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi and other provinces suffered from different degrees of freezing injury or cold injury. Among them, in Guangdong Province alone, more than 8 million mu of crops were affected, 6.5438+0.6 million mu of freshwater fish suffered from freezing damage, and the economic loss reached 465.438+0 billion yuan. From June 65438 to March, there were many times of moderate to heavy snow in most areas of Qinghai Province, with the snow reaching 15-50 cm in general and 1 m in some areas. In addition, the continuous low temperature made it difficult for the snow to melt, which led to severe snowstorms in the south and the surrounding areas of Qinghai Lake, with more than 34 animals 134 (only) affected and a total of 650 deaths. In early April, affected by strong cold air, the lowest temperature in central and southern Hebei dropped to 13 1-8℃, and 65.438+0.46 million mu of winter wheat and vegetables were frozen.
1On May 4-6, 1993, the strongest sandstorm weather process occurred since 1927. It has spread to 72 counties in 18 cities in Xinjiang, Gansu, Ningxia and Inner Mongolia. The wind force is generally 6-7, and it reaches 9-65,438+00 locally. The instantaneous maximum wind force reaches 12, and the minimum visibility is close to zero. The sand storm wall formed by sandstorm is as high as 300-400 meters. Affected by it, 5.6 million mu of crops in four provinces and regions were affected, 1.2 million livestock died and lost, 85 people died and 3 1 person disappeared, and many roads and railways were interrupted, resulting in a direct economic loss of 540 million yuan.
During the flood season of 1994, two obvious rain belts in Nanling and Northeast China swung for a long time, and the rainstorm weather was frequent. Xijiang River, Beijiang River and Xiangjiang River have been the biggest floods since the founding of the People's Republic of China, and Ganjiang River is the second largest flood. In Guangxi, Guangdong, Fujian, Hunan, Jiangxi, Liaoning, Kyrgyzstan and other provinces, more than 76 million people were affected, more than 654.38 billion mu of farmland was affected, more than 65.438 million people died, and the direct economic loss was nearly 80 billion yuan.
During the flood season of 1995, there were frequent rainstorms in the south of the Yangtze River and the southeast of Northeast China. From early June to early July, the precipitation in the north of the Yangtze River was generally 350-500 mm, and in some areas it was 500-900 mm, which was 50% to 2 times more. The precipitation in most areas of Liaoning and Kyrgyzstan from late July to early August is generally 200-500mm, which is more than 1-3 times. The Dongting Lake and Poyang Lake water systems, the mainstream of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the Liaohe River, Hunhe River, the second Songhua River and Yalu River have caused floods, and tens of millions of acres of farmland in Hunan, Jiangxi, Liaoning, Kyrgyzstan, Zhejiang, Hubei and Anhui provinces have died.
1October1995165438+1October to March 1996 snowfall is frequent in southern Qinghai and some pastoral areas in Tibet. The depth of snow in most parts of Yushu Prefecture in Qinghai Province is about 40 cm, and the deepest part is 2 meters. Nearly 10,000 Tibetan herders and 300,000 livestock scattered in 280,000 square kilometers were once besieged by heavy snow, and 6,543,800 livestock (only) died in the whole state due to the snowstorm. As of March, there have been five consecutive large-scale heavy snowfalls in pastoral areas of Tibet, with the depth of local snow reaching 65,438 0.5 meters, causing 450,000 people and 9 million livestock to suffer from snowstorms and 6,543.8 0.5 million livestock to die.
1996 In late February, due to the influence of strong cold air, the temperature in most parts of the country dropped 10- 18℃, reaching 18-22℃ in Jiangnan and South China, and the average temperature in most parts of South China and Southwest China was the lowest since 1964. Various provinces and regions in the south suffer from different degrees of low temperature and freezing injury. Among them, 6.5438+0.5 million tons of fish were frozen in ponds in Guangdong, 2.9 million mu of potatoes were planted in winter, and 2.2 million mu of tropical and subtropical fruits, resulting in economic losses of 4.6 billion yuan. In winter in Guangxi, crops were affected by 6.5438+0.56 million mu, and fruits were affected by 350,000 mu.
1 996 On July 3 1 day and August1day, Typhoon No.9608 landed in Keelung, Taiwan Province and Fuqing, Fujian respectively. When landing, the maximum wind force near the center is 12, and the coastal tidal level exceeds or approaches the historical highest tidal level. The typhoon and its weakened low pressure went deep inland, causing a wide range of wind and rain disasters. In Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Hunan, Hubei, Henan, Hebei, Beijing, Tianjin, Shanxi, Shaanxi and other provinces and cities/kloc-0, more than 54 million mu of crops were affected, more than 700 people died and the direct economic loss exceeded 65 billion yuan.
During the period of 1997, there was less precipitation in most areas north of the Yangtze River, and the drought was extensive and lasted for a long time, especially in most areas north of the Yangtze River, with less rain and high temperature in summer. The precipitation in June-August is generally 150-300mm, which is 20-40% less, and 50-70% less in parts of North China and Northwest China, and the summer drought is the most serious. In that year, the drought-affected area of crops in China reached more than 500 million mu, including 300 million mu. Since February 7th, the Yellow River has been cut off for many times, and in June165438+1October 2nd1,it was cut off for ***222 days. The cut-off reach once reached more than 700 kilometers.
In the summer of 1997, sunny, hot and high-temperature weather occurred successively in North China, Northeast China, Northwest China, Huanghuai and other places, in which the number of high-temperature days ≥35℃ in the south-central part of North China and the eastern part of Northwest China exceeded 10 day, in some areas it exceeded 30 days, in Yuncheng, Shanxi Province and xi 'an, Shaanxi Province it reached 60 days, and the highest temperature in some places exceeded 4l℃.
During the period of 1998, following the floods in winter and spring in some parts of southern China, the precipitation in most parts of the country in summer was higher than that in the same period of normal years, and heavy rains occurred frequently. The precipitation in most areas of the Yangtze River Basin is generally 700- 1000 mm, in some areas it is 1000- 1500 mm, and in most areas of the Nenjiang River Basin it is 350-550 mm. In that year, the area affected by storms and floods in China reached 334 million mu, and the affected population was 65.438+0.8 billion (the number of people affected was 65.438+0 million).
65438+1from mid-March to early March, 1998, due to the influence of strong cold air, strong winds and strong cooling weather occurred in most parts of the country, and the lowest temperature in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River dropped to-1-2℃, resulting in snowfall. Low temperature snowfall has caused 55 million mu of crops in Anhui, Jiangsu and Henan provinces to suffer from freezing disasters.
During the period of 1999, the precipitation in most parts of the north continued to be less. Winter and spring droughts occurred in northern winter wheat areas and parts of southern China; In summer, precipitation in most areas north of the Yangtze River is obviously less, and there is no flood season. Seasonal precipitation is generally 20%-50% less, and 50%-80% less in some areas. After September, precipitation in North China, the eastern part of Northwest China, parts of Huanghuai and northern Hubei continued to be less, which led to a large-scale severe drought in summer and autumn in most of the above areas. In that year, the drought-affected area of crops in China was 450 million mu, and the direct economic loss was 78 billion yuan.
In the summer of 1999, there were two periods of continuous sunny, hot and high temperature weather in North China and its surrounding areas, and the number of high temperature days ≥35℃ was generally 10-25 days; On July 24th, the highest temperature in Beijing reached 42.2℃, the highest temperature since the founding of the People's Republic of China.
From late June to late August, 1999, the temperature in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River continued to be low, resulting in a rare "hot summer". There is no high temperature ≥35℃ in Shanghai, which is unprecedented since 1883. The "cool summer" weather in Jiangsu is the best in recent 40 years. Due to insufficient accumulated temperature, crops grow poorly, the growth period is delayed, and even the harvest is not good.
199965438+In the first ten days of February, due to the influence of strong cold air, the lowest temperature in most areas south of the Yangtze River dropped below 0℃, and a large range of low-temperature freezing damage occurred in South China and Southwest China. The affected area of various crops reached more than 80 million mu, and the direct economic losses in Guangxi, Guangdong, Yunnan and Fujian provinces alone reached about 30 billion yuan. Among them, the lowest temperature in Kunming Expo Park in Yunnan dropped to -9℃, 80% of indoor plants were frozen to death, and many cold-tolerant plants were also frozen to death.
In 2000, there was less precipitation in most parts of the country, with drought in spring and summer in most parts of the north and drought in spring or autumn in some parts of the south. The drought-affected area of crops in China is 600 million mu, with an area of 654.38+0.2 billion mu, among which Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang, Inner Mongolia, Hebei and other provinces have the worst drought. Due to drought, more than 300 cities at or above the county level such as Tianjin, Changchun and Jinan are short of water.
In the summer of 2000, many areas in the north and south of China were hit by heat waves. The days of high temperature ≥35℃ in parts of North China, central and eastern Jiangnan and South China exceeded 20 days, including 28, 26 and 44 days in Chengde, Beijing and Lianxian, Guangdong, which were 25, 265, 438+0 and 22 days more than normal. In Chengde, which is famous for its cool summer, the highest temperature exceeded 40℃ for three consecutive days from July 12 to July 14, and the highest temperature on July 14 was 43.3℃, the highest temperature since the station was established. The lowest temperature in July in Wuhan, one of the three "stoves", exceeded 30℃ for five consecutive days, and it was as high as 3 1. 1℃ on the 28th, which was the highest daily minimum temperature with meteorological records in the city in the past hundred years.
In 20001year, the precipitation in most parts of the country was less, especially in the north. After two years of 1999 and 2000, heavy drought occurred again in a large scale. As of early June, the drought-affected area of crops in China reached 420 million mu, the largest in the same period since the 1990s, with 44.6 million people and14.5 million livestock suffering from temporary drinking water difficulties. After entering the midsummer, the Sichuan basin and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River to the east continued to have high temperature and little rain, and the summer drought was serious. In autumn, some areas in Northeast China, North China, Huanghuai and other places still have different degrees of drought. In that year, the drought-affected crops in China reached 570 million mu.
In just one week in the first ten days of July, 2006, 5438+0, Guangxi was hit by two typhoons, durian and Ute, and there was a large-scale rainstorm or heavy rain. The floods in the main tributaries of Xijiang River skyrocketed, and the biggest floods occurred in Nanning, Guigang and other reaches of Yongjiang River since the founding of the People's Republic of China. More than 48 counties, cities, districts 100000 people were affected, and more than 400000 people were once trapped by floods. The affected crops reached more than 1000 mu, resulting in direct economic losses of more than15 billion yuan.
There are also abnormal climates, such as the snowstorm in the south in 2008 and the drought in five southwestern provinces.
Most diseases are spread from foreign countries. If it breaks out in China, it is mainly SARS.