Historically, the Southern Song Dynasty can last 100 years. Why didn't Nanming last long?
The war between the Northern Song Dynasty and the State of Jin was the reason why the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty was occupied. The peasant uprising in the Northern Song Dynasty was just a small fight, which had little influence on the imperial court.
At the end of the Ming Dynasty, there was no joint effort to resist the Qing Dynasty. The royal family, the peasant army and the official army never United against the enemy and often fought.
All the above reasons seem reasonable, but a careful analysis of historical events itself does not feel the most important.
Then from the historical figures and events themselves, the Southern Song Dynasty can last 100 years. What is the reason why Nanming didn't last long? I think it's mainly these two little-known reasons.
First of all, the national authority of Zhao Gou, the founding emperor of the Southern Song Dynasty, was cultivated by the Emperor of the Northern Song Dynasty. Nanming emperors were supported by local officials and had no state authority.
The real Zhao Gou in history, his personal ability can be said to be both civil and military. Marshal 8th Route 8 Jin Jun detained Zhao Gou in Jin Ying for more than ten days, and Zhao Gou was not afraid of Jin Shuai. The Jin people blamed the envoys of the Song Dynasty. Many envoys were frightened and wept bitterly, but Zhao Gou was indifferent. Jin Shuai was surprised by this and thought that Zhao Gou was not a real prince.
History books praised him as "intelligent, well-read, and learned by heart", and he served as the school supervisor and commander-in-chief of our army very early.
After the change of Jingkang, Jin Bing captured his father Song Huizong and his younger brother Song Qinzong, and the Northern Song Dynasty ended.
In fact, Zhao Gou was born smart, knowledgeable and has a strong memory. It is said that he can read and recite more than 1000 words of books every day, read widely and recite them by heart.
11In the spring of 26, when the nomads from the army surrounded Kaifeng for the first time, the nomads from the army ordered Prince Song and Zaichen to make peace in the army.
The Song Dynasty originally planned to cede Taiyuan, Hejian and Zhongshan, send Zaifu to send land, and also planned to send a prince to send 8 Jin Army across the Yellow River.
Song Qinzong asked Zhao Gou to attend, and Zhao Gou was not afraid of life and death, so he invited himself. So Song Qinzong ordered Shaozai Zhang Bangchang to be a counselor and went to the Golden Camp with Zhao Gou.
Marshal 8 jin j detained Zhao Gou in jinying for more than ten days, and Zhao Gou was not afraid of Jin Shuai.
Later, Yao attacked the camp of the Jin people at night. The Jin people blamed the envoys of the Song Dynasty for their lack of sincerity in peace. Zhang Bangchang was very scared and cried bitterly. Zhao Gou was unmoved. Marshal 8 Jin Jun was surprised by this. He thinks that the royal families in Song Dynasty are timid playboys, so he thinks that this Zhao Gou is not a real prince.
As a result, Jin Jun asked the Song Dynasty to replace the "true prince" to negotiate, so Zhao Shu, the fifth prince of Wang Su, defected to the Jin Jun camp and promised to cede the land of the three towns. Zhang Bangchang went to Taizai and was taken hostage with Wang Su in the Jin Army barracks, while Zhao Gou was able to return to North Korea.
The national authority of Zhao Gou, the founding emperor of the Southern Song Dynasty, was cultivated by the Emperor of the Northern Song Dynasty.
Zhao Gou's mission to Xu Jin was actually a kind of training and exercise for Zhao Gou by the emperor.
Later, the nomads from the south invaded again, and Zhao Gou was ordered to send a special envoy to Jin Ying for peace. In Cizhou, Hebei Province, the caretaker Zong Ze advised him not to stay, so as not to be captured by the nomads from the army.
In the first year of Jingkang, Jin Bing surrounded Kaifeng again, and Zhao Gou was appointed as "Marshal of Hebei Military Forces", and later Zhao Gou was called Marshal of the Military Forces in the World.
Song ordered him to lead Hebei military forces to rescue the capital, but he moved to Daming House in Beijing and then to Dongping House to avoid the enemy. In fact, under the cultivation and promotion of the Northern Song Emperor, Zhao Gou has become a vassal force of the separatist regime.
Nanming emperors were supported by local officials, and seemed to have nothing to do with Emperor Chongzhen, so they had no state authority.
For example, during the Chongzhen period, Li Yong was just a prince of a vassal. He did not serve in the imperial court, nor was he entrusted with an important task by Emperor Chongzhen. He is purely the result of the support of local officials.
The emperor was captured by Xiliang Army in Zhang and was protected by Ming officials mixed in Xiliang Army. I was able to survive and meet my father in Wuzhou, Guangxi.
So the governors of Guangdong and Guangxi Ding Kuichu, Qu Shizhen, Wang Huacheng and Guangxi Governor Lu Daqi elected Zhu Youlang to supervise the country. This is the later emperor Li Yong.
Second, the original intention of the Southern Song Rebels was different from that of Nanming. Yue Fei and others established folk forces to resist Jin, while Li Zicheng and others originally intended to overthrow the Ming Dynasty.
After the Qing army entered Shanhaiguan, the peasant army Zhang's western expedition army did not go north to fight against the Qing Dynasty, but still attacked Changsha City, Hunan Province. Zhu Youlang fled south with his father, was separated from his father in Dong 'an County, Hunan Province, and was captured by the Western Expedition Army. Thanks to the protection of Ming officials mixed in the army of Xiliang, he was able to survive.
This Zhu Youlang, later Emperor Li Yong of the Southern Ming Dynasty, can see that the original intention of the rebels was to overthrow the Ming Dynasty. Whether the Qing army entered the customs or not, it mainly fought against the Ming army.
Li Zicheng is even less willing to fight against the Eight Banners with the Ming Dynasty. After the Shanhaiguan War, he retreated to Xi 'an, and then prepared to plot to occupy the southeast of the Ming Dynasty.
He did not cooperate with the Ming army to resist the Qing Dynasty, but led an army to attack the Ming army in Wuchang. At this time, he can scare away hundreds of thousands of Ming troops in Zuo Liangyu.
However, the insurgents in the Song Dynasty were different. Whether it is the "Eight-character Army" or the "Yue Jiajun", they are both pioneers and mainstays in resisting gold.
To sum up, the national authority of Zhao Gou, the founding emperor of the Southern Song Dynasty, was cultivated by the Northern Song Emperor, while the Nanming Emperor was supported by local officials and had no national authority.
The original intention of the Southern Song Rebels was different from that of Nanming. The original intention of Yue Fei and others to establish civilian power was to resist Jin, while the original intention of Li Zicheng and others to rebel was to overthrow the Ming Dynasty.
From the historical figures and events themselves, the Southern Song Dynasty can last for more than 100 years, and the reason why the Southern Ming Dynasty did not last is the above two important reasons.