Why is the gate of Sanjin and the ninth pass of Wan Li Great Wall called Niangziguan?
Shisanguan Great Wall
As an ancient military defense system in China, the Great Wall played a key role in ancient battles, resisting foreign invasions again and again and defending the land of the Central Plains. Along the Great Wall, there are many passes in and out of the Great Wall in various traffic arteries and throat areas. One person guards it, and ten thousand people can't force it? These passes have always been a battleground for military strategists. The thirteen passes of the Great Wall are the most important. From east to west, the thirteen passes are: Shanhaiguan, Huangyaguan, Juyongguan, Zijingguan, Daomaguan, Pingxingguan, Piantouguan, Yanmenguan, Niangziguan, Shahukou, Jiayuguan, Yangguan and Yumenguan.
Niangziguan
Are we talking about the gate of Sanjin, the ninth pass of the Great Wall of Wan Li? Niangziguan, located at the junction of Shanxi and Hebei provinces, is the dangerous pass of the Great Wall of Wan Li. Has always been a battleground for military strategists.
Niangziguan was first built in the Warring States period. It is a gateway to the Great Wall built by Zhongshan during the Warring States Period. In the Tang Dynasty, the Chengtian Army garrison was established, and then the Chengtian Army City was built. Song Dynasty built "Chengtianzhai". In the Ming Dynasty, it was called Chengtian Town. In the Qing dynasty, an "ancient official camp" was established, which was divided into divisions. Because Guancheng is located at the southern end of the "Neisanguan Great Wall" in the Great Wall of Wan Li, it is called "the ninth pass of the Great Wall of Wan Li".
There is a couplet on Niangziguan: "Who is the best in Xiongguan? Fortress 3 thousand. ? The ancient castle is commanding by the mountains and rivers, and has two related doors. The east gate is an ordinary brick door with a platform castle on it, which was used to review soldiers and observe the enemy in ancient times. Why is this majestic pass named Niangziguan? It is related to a princess in the Tang Dynasty, that is, Princess Pingyang in the Tang Dynasty.
Princess Pingyang
Princess Zhao of Pingyang is the third daughter and the beloved daughter of his first wife, Queen Dou. Marry the military commander Chai Shao as his wife since childhood. After marriage, Princess Pingyang and her husband Chai Shao settled in Chang 'an and two of a kind, and they were very happy.
In May of 6 17, Li Yuan decided to fight against the Sui Dynasty. Before the start of the army, Princess Zhao and Chai Shao of Pingyang were both in Chang 'an. Tang Gaozu sent an emissary to secretly call Chai Shao, so Chai Shao immediately went straight to Taiyuan from the path. Princess Pingyang stayed.
After Chai Shao left, Princess Pingyang secretly returned to her hometown of Li's manor in Shu County, disguised as a man, claiming to be Li Gongzi, selling local industries and recruiting people, and soon recruited a team of hundreds of people. The news came that Tang Gaozu was fighting in Taiyuan. Princess Pingyang heard the news and was determined to recruit more soldiers for her father.
Princess Pingyang contacted the anti-Sui rebels everywhere. Princess Pingyang, with her superhuman courage and talent, recruited four or five large-scale insurgents in the Jianghu in more than three months.
She also formed a team of women only. This team has strict military discipline. As long as she gives the order, they can do it and the whole team respects her. Later, this team also won the support of the people, and many people came here. Soon, the number of this team has exceeded 70,000. In those years when the mutinous soldiers rose, the army received wide support. People call Princess Pingyang "Li Niangzi" and her army "female soldier".
Princess Pingyang's military ability is very high. The rebel army led by Princess Pingyang not only defeated every attack of Sui Jun, but also swept the whole country and successively captured many Sui territories.
In September of 6 17, Li Yuan crossed the Yellow River and entered the customs. At this time, he was very happy to see Princess Pingyang laying a large territory for him in Guanzhong. Next, Princess Pingyang selected more than 10,000 soldiers and joined forces with Li Shimin on the north bank of Weihe River to jointly attack Chang 'an. Soon they conquered Chang 'an.
Princess Pingyang once again contributed to the mountains and rivers of the Tang Dynasty after conquering Chang 'an. Because at that time, Tang Gaozu won Chang 'an, but he only roughly controlled half of Guanzhong and was attacked on all sides. After stabilizing Chang 'an, Tang Gaozu immediately turned around to deal with Xue Ju, who owns the land of Longxi, and Gui Li of Liangzhou.
Princess Pingyang's main task at the moment is to defend the Li family's stronghold in Shanxi, where Niangziguan is stationed. Shanxi is the barrier between the Central Plains and Guanzhong area, and Niangziguan is the throat in and out of Shanxi. Princess Pingyang led an army stationed in Niangziguan, formerly known as Weizeguan, but was renamed Niangziguan because Princess Pingyang led tens of thousands of "female soldiers" stationed here. When Princess Pingyang was stationed in Niangziguan, her body and hands were on the knife, and she was always brave. When Princess Pingyang was stationed in Niangziguan, there was another legend.
After Princess Pingyang led the female soldiers to Niangziguan, they built fortifications and made strict protection, so as not to give the enemy an opportunity. On one occasion, Liu Heita launched a large-scale attack, and Princess Pingyang saw the ferocity of the enemy. On the one hand, she rescued in Taiyuan, on the other hand, she directed female soldiers and residents to defend themselves. The situation in Niangziguan is very dangerous because Shanhaiguan is short of troops. Faced with an army several times stronger than herself, Princess Pingyang was in a hurry, pacing anxiously on the tower, thinking about ideas, and looking into the distance, waiting for reinforcements to arrive. Suddenly, she happened to see the promising millet in the distant field, and suddenly she was in a hurry, so she ordered the soldiers and civilians in the city to harvest it immediately, set up a pot and cook rice soup with new rice. After the rice soup was cooked, Princess Pingyang asked everyone to take advantage of the night and pour the rice soup into the ravine before closing time. The next day, rice soup overflowed in the ravine in front of Niangziguan. After the enemy sentry found it, he suspected that it was horse urine and reported it to the commander at once. When the commander-in-chief went out to watch, he saw flags flying on the rostrum, soldiers and civilians shouting loudly, and drums ringing. He misjudged that reinforcements had arrived. Afraid of being ambushed, the enemy finally retreated without a fight. When I knew that this was the time for Princess Pingyang to suspect soldiers, and reinforcements had arrived in Taiyuan, Liu Heita's army could only sigh.
Princess Pingyang lived up to her mission and helped her father defend Shanxi, so that Li Yuan had no worries and tried her best to overcome all difficulties and settle the world. Princess Pingyang contributed a lot to the establishment of the Tang Dynasty. Cao Cao once praised Sun Quan and said? Are there any children like Sun Zhongmou? . Judging from the brilliant record of Princess Pingyang, we can say:? Give birth to a daughter like Princess Pingyang. ?
Xuchaishao
Princess Pingyang's husband, Chai Shao, was a famous figure in the Tang Dynasty, ranking 14th among the 24 outstanding figures in Lingyange.
When Chai Shao was young, he was famous for his agility and courage in Ren Xia. At first, he was an official in the Sui Dynasty, preparing for Niu Qian, the prince of Yuan De. He was Bandu, the son of Yang Di. So he arose, Chai Shao defected, led Ma Jun, led Chai Shao and other generals to conquer Chang 'an, and took the place of the king. Chai Shao became a doctor, You Guanglu, and became a county magistrate in Linfen. Fenyang is also called Pingyang, hence the title of Princess Pingyang.
Li Yuan proclaimed himself emperor in Chang 'an. After the establishment of the Tang Dynasty, Chai Shao was named General Zuo Yi Wei. Soon, Chai Shao joined the joint war of Li Shimin, king of Qin. Ping Xueju and his son defeated Wang, and made great achievements in the battle of Dou Jiande's capture of Luo Yang and Hulaoguan. So, he was named Huo Guogong, and he was given 1,200 food cities, becoming the right general Xiao Wei.
In the early years of Zhenguan, he worshipped General Right Wei, became a secretariat of Huazhou, and turned to General Left Wei. Take part in the battle of Dingxiang, from destroying the East Turkistan, accumulating the generals of the town, pacifying the capital of Liang, and changing the title of lord protector.
Princess Pingyang died in 623 AD, when she was only in her twenties. She died young, the cause of death is unknown. Be buried with a military salute after death. Princess Pingyang and Chai Shao have only one son, named Chai Lingwu. Tang Gaozong took part in the rebellion and was forced to commit suicide.
Princess Pingyang is one of the few female generals in Chinese history. She goes down in history for her bravery and record, and will be immortal. The people of Sri Lanka have passed away, and future generations are idle and sad. Hearing these lyrics: Dim sword shadow, away from the drum horn? Take responsibility for the past and how to judge the future. The Yangtze River intentionally turns into tears, and the Yangtze River sings emotionally. There are several stars shining in the historical sky, and a heroic spirit is galloping in the world. ? I want to use this song to express my memory of Princess Pingyang.