The story of Liu Yuxi is shorter.
1. The story of Liu Yuxi - the story of the friendship between Liu Zongyuan and Liu Yuxi
After Liu Zongyuan and Liu Yuxi failed to participate in a revolution together, they were both demoted. Liu Zongyuan was demoted to Yongzhou, which was a very poor and desolate place. After he lived there for a while, he felt very depressed.
I wrote a letter to Liu Yuxi to tell him that my current life was not comfortable. Since then, Liu Yuxi often wrote letters to encourage Liu Zongyuan, which helped him regain his confidence in life. Later Liu Yuxi was demoted to serve in Bozhou, but Liu Zongyuan was transferred back to Liuzhou.
Liu Zongyuan knew that Bozhou was a very poor place. So he wrote to the emperor that he was willing to take the post in Bozhou instead of Liu Yuxi and let Liu Yuxi take the post in Liuzhou. Because there is an old mother in Liu Yuxi's family who needs Liu Yuxi to take care of her.
But Bozhou is too far away from Liuzhou, and I am afraid that once the mother and son are separated, they will never see each other again. Liu Zongyuan's behavior of risking his life to help his friends when they were in trouble moved many ministers, even at the risk of being blamed by the emperor.
They all wrote letters to help Liu Zongyuan. Although the emperor did not agree to Liu Zongyuan's request in the end, he still treated Liu Yuxi lightly and allowed him to go to Zhengzhou.
2. The story of Liu Yuxi - the stele inscribed by Liu Yuxi
Once Liu Yuxi visited the Peach Blossom Spring again and found that some of the trees he had seen before were very good and some were very beautiful. All the elegant stones were gone, so he got angry and asked the old man watching the mountain to inquire.
Seeing that Liu Yuxi was angry, the old man watching the mountain hurriedly reported: "Sir, you only know that this is a geomantic treasure land, but you don't know how many rich and powerful people nearby want to occupy it. How can I, the old man, control it?" Live here!"
After hearing this, Liu Yuxi sighed, thinking that although he had not taken away any plants or trees here, he had not done anything good for it. So he asked someone to bring him a pen, dipped it in ink, and picked a big stone leaning against the mountain.
Write the four characters "Taoyuan Jiazhi", followed by his own name. He also asked the stonemason to chisel these words on the stone tablet, carried it to the entrance of Peach Blossom Spring, and erected it.
Later, those rich and powerful people came. As soon as they arrived at the entrance, they looked up and saw the big stone tablet. Knowing that Lord Sima Liu Yuxi wanted to protect the Peach Blossom Spring, they had to say bitterly: "Since Liu Sima has inscribed the title The words have been erected on the monument, and no one is allowed to take any grass or trees from now on!" Extended information
In the ninth year of Zhenyuan (793), Liu Yuxi passed the Jinshi title and first served in the shogunate of Du You, the governor of Huainan. The record office was highly regarded by Du You. Later, he entered the court from Du You and served as the supervisory censor. At the end of Zhenyuan, Liu Zongyuan, Chen Jian, Han Ye and others made friends with Wang Shuwen and formed a political group headed by Wang Shuwen.
Later, he successively served as Sima of Langzhou, governor of Lianzhou, governor of Kuizhou, governor of Hezhou, doctor of host and guest, doctor of the Ministry of Rites, and governor of Suzhou. In Huichang, the school's Minister of Etiquette was inspected. When he died at the age of seventy, he presented it to the Minister of Hubu.
Liu Yuxi was excellent in both poetry and prose, and covered a wide range of subjects. Together with Liu Zongyuan, he was known as "Liu Liu", together with Wei Yingwu and Bai Juyi, he was known as the "Three Heroes", and together with Bai Juyi, he was known as "Liu Bai". Famous works such as "Inscription", "Bamboo Branch Ci", "Yangliu Branch Ci", and "Woyi Xiang".
The three philosophical works "On Heaven" discuss the materiality of heaven and analyze the origin of "Destiny Theory", which has materialistic ideas. There is the "Collected Works of Liu Mengde" and the "Collected Works of Liu Mengde" still exist.
Liu Yuxi's landscape poems changed the narrow and bleak style of Dali and Zhenyuan poets, and often wrote an open scene that was half virtual and half real, beyond the real distance of space.
Liu Yuxi and his poetic style are quite unique. He had a resolute character and was full of heroic spirit. During the years of exile, when he was still suffering from hardships, he felt heavy psychological distress and sang out a series of lamentations of a lonely minister. But he never despaired and had the soul of a fighter.
In addition to poetry and essays, Liu Yuxi’s Ci and Fu creations are also an important link that cannot be ignored in the history of Ci and Fu in the Tang Dynasty, and even in the entire history of Ci and Fu. Compared with the number of poems and poems, it is not too small.
Liu Yuxi’s philosophical thoughts have a distinct tendency of materialism.
His main works are three chapters of "Treatise on Heaven". In terms of cosmology, his materialist thoughts are more advanced than Liu Zongyuan's. Regarding the relationship between nature and human beings, Liu Yuxi put forward the view that heaven and human beings "compete with each other and still use each other", which shows a positive and enterprising spirit.
He believes that the reason why people have idealistic thoughts is closely related to social reality. When "the law prevails", in society "what is right is for the public and what is wrong is what is public and wrong", people will not have the idea that misfortunes and blessings come from destiny; when "the law is relaxed", right and wrong are reversed in society, and people cannot win. God, the theory of destiny has been promoted in the human world.
When "the law is relaxed", right and wrong in society are not clear, and people will be doubtful about the destiny. Liu Yuxi used social practice to explain the origin of the theory of destiny, which was a major contribution in epistemology.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Liu Yuxi