How to use water and fertilizer to ensure high yield when managing cucumbers in greenhouses in the north in winter?

Compared with open field cultivation, cucumber cultivation in greenhouses has become the mainstream cultivation method of cucumbers because it is not subject to seasonal restrictions. In fact, the problem of water and fertilizer management of cucumbers in greenhouses in northern greenhouses in winter mentioned in the topic is actually This is a relatively widespread problem, because cucumber cultivation in greenhouses is divided into autumn and winter stubble, overwintering stubble and winter and spring stubble. Different planting periods have different growth periods in winter, and water and fertilizer management are also different, so they should be treated differently.

1. Water and fertilizer management of autumn and winter cucumbers

Greenhouse autumn and winter cucumbers are generally sown and cultivated from mid-to-late August to early September, planted in mid-to-late September, and harvested in mid-October. , pulling out rice seedlings after New Year’s Day.

Cucumbers planted in autumn and winter have higher temperatures in the early stage, longer sunlight hours, and timely supply of water and fertilizer to promote the growth of the melon vines. Water once 9 to 10 days after planting, which we call seedling slowing water. After the root melons are firmly established, the first top dressing is carried out, and 15 kg of urea is applied per acre; thereafter, small water is poured every 5 days, and top dressing is performed once every 10 days. After late November, water and fertilizer must be controlled to prevent cucumber root retting caused by factors such as low ground temperature, weak root absorptive capacity, continuous cloudy low temperatures, and little sunshine. If you encounter this situation, you can spray 0.2 on the leaves. % potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, etc. for top dressing outside the roots.

2. Water and fertilizer management of overwintering cucumbers

Greenhouse overwintering cucumber cultivation is the main stubble of greenhouse cucumber cultivation. It is generally sown in mid-to-late September to early October, and in late October. ~Planting occurs in early November, harvesting begins in early to mid-December, and seedlings are pulled out in May to June of the following year.

From the beginning of picking, water once every 10 to 15 days. Combined with watering, apply 5 to 6 kg of urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate per acre, or apply about 10 kg of high-quality fertilizer. Entering the peak melon production period, apply 8 to 10 kg of instant compound fertilizer per acre, and spray photosynthetic micro (bacterial) fertilizer or foliar fertilizer on the leaves 1 to 2 times to prevent premature leaf aging. In areas where conditions permit, carbon dioxide gas fertilizer can be topdressed from 9 a.m. to 11:30 a.m. on sunny days. The specific watering time should be determined according to the weather, soil moisture, and plant growth, and the watering timing should be grasped. Choose warm water under the film in the morning on continuous sunny days. It is advisable to water lightly and frequently. Spray fungicide before watering, and ventilate and dispel moisture in time a few days after watering.

Watering in winter should be done in the morning on a sunny day, and avoid watering in the evening and on cloudy days to avoid increasing air humidity and causing the occurrence and spread of pests and diseases.

The above is the water and fertilizer management for autumn and winter cucumbers and overwintering cucumbers planted in two different seasons. Different crop temperature, light and other conditions also make them different. Therefore, water and fertilizer management should be treated differently and cannot be generalized. .