When the eight girls threw themselves into the river, a nearby villager witnessed the tragic scene and cried bitterly: The youngest one is only 13 years old.

After the founding of New China, the film "Daughter of China" produced by Northeast Film Studio was released. As the first anti-Japanese film in New China, it caused great repercussions in society when it was released.

The prototype of the story of "Chinese Daughters" is the story of "Eight Daughters Casting themselves into the River". Since then, "Eight Daughters Casting themselves into the River" has become a well-known legend in China. However, after the founding of the People's Republic of China, some people began to question the story. There are doubts about the story of "eight women who threw themselves into the river".

Because even the literary and artistic works that promote the deeds of "Eight Women Throwing themselves into the River" are based on legends. As for when and where this incident occurred, the identity information of the eight women and the specific fighting conditions are all unknown. There is no precise data record.

Amidst the overwhelming publicity, some people with ulterior motives took the opportunity to raise questions and deny the authenticity of the story of "Eight Women Casting themselves into the River".

On October 10, 1948, before the founding of New China, the Northeast Martyrs Memorial Hall was opened in Harbin. A college student named Wen Ye came to the memorial hall and encountered the first difficult problem he encountered. The problem is to find out the authenticity of "Eight Daughters Throwing into the River", because there is only one oil painting on display in the memorial hall about the deeds of "Eight Daughters Throwing into the River".

The creation of literary and artistic works does not need to be entirely based on real people and true events, and artistic processing is allowed. However, the Martyrs Museum is not a literary creation and must be authentic. If it is denied, it will be true.

In order to find out the historical facts of "Eight Women Casting themselves into the River", Wen Ye applied to his superiors to include the investigation of the historical facts of "Eight Women Casting themselves into the River" as the museum's main research topic.

Just as the evidence listed by those doubters, the earliest written record of "Eight Women Throwing into the River" was only from the diary of an Anti-Union general, which was only a 130-word record: "Our Fifth Army Pass Division Commander Shu Fan returned to Diao Ling from the southwest expedition. Half a month ago, he planned to cross the Ushun River in the direction of Sanjia. When he was crossing at dawn, he was attacked by an ambush on the east bank of the Izui River. Jin Shifeng, who had a long revolutionary history in the Korean national liberation. Eight others, including women Leng Yun and Yang Xiuzhen, drowned themselves in the river... There will be a martyr woman named Biaofang on the banks of the Ushun River and the Mudan River in the future."

This general is called Zhou Baozhong, and he is the founder of the Northeast Anti-Resistance Alliance. Zhou Baozhong, one of the people and leaders, was a well-educated person. After participating in the revolution, he kept the habit of keeping a diary. Later, it was compiled and compiled into "General Zhou Baozhong's Guerrilla Diary", which is more than 700,000 words long. Important historical information.

In a diary of this length, the records of "eight women throwing themselves into the river" can be said to be only a few.

If the earliest historical data only had this point, even the Martyrs Museum would not be able to determine the authenticity of "Eight Women Casting themselves into the River".

The turning point came when veteran general Zhou Baozhong completed a memoir in his later years, titled "Heroic Women in the Northeast Anti-Japanese Guerrilla War", which once again briefly described the situation of "Eight Women Throwing themselves into the River". For the first time, the names of eight female warriors were written down. They were Leng Yun, Sister An, Hu Xiuzhi, Yang Guizhen, Huang Guiqing, Wang Huimin, Guo Guiqin, and Yu Yu.

This is tantamount to a powerful response to the doubters. The deeds of the eight women who threw themselves into the river are true. They are all famous female warriors.

At the same time, a female soldier named Xu Yunqing, who was formerly a member of the Women's Corps of the Fifth Army of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Federation, published a book called "Sisters of Heroes". Xu Yunqing once fought with Leng Yun. However, this book tells many stories about Leng Yun and other female warriors.

After Wen Ye read this book, he immediately contacted Xu Yunqing, then deputy director of the Changchun Shoe Factory. Xu Yunqing told Wen Ye the historical background of the eight women who threw themselves into the river.

Since the winter of 1937, in order to deal with the increasingly powerful Northeast Anti-Japanese Federation, the Japanese invaders have continuously mobilized troops to carry out so-called "crusades" against the Northeast Anti-Japanese Federation. period of struggle.

After being heavily surrounded by Japanese and puppet troops, the Anti-Alliance Fourth Army, Fifth Army and other units under the jurisdiction of Zhou Baozhong gathered together, starting from their base area, and broke out in three directions towards Wuchang County and other areas.

When the troops arrived near Loushan Town, Shangzhi City, the food and ammunition carried by the soldiers were almost exhausted. In order to obtain supplies, the department decided to attack Loushan Town. In the fierce battle, Although the anti-alliance forces won a victory and obtained certain supplies, their marching intentions were exposed and they were pursued by the Japanese and puppet troops. Under such circumstances, the troops were forced to divide into two groups and break out again.

Xu Yunqing and Leng Yun separated during this division of troops. A year later, she heard about the feat of "Eight Women Throwing themselves into the River" from their comrades.

Judging from the information provided by Xu Yunqing, although Xu Yunqing did not witness the entire process of "Eight Women Throwing into the River", it at least shows that this story not only appeared in the diary of General Zhou Baozhong, but also in the mouths of the Anti-Japanese War fighters. Word of mouth.

What excited Wen Ye the most was that Xu Yunqing told him that a comrade named Jin Shangjie who lived in Liushutun, Datun Commune, a suburb of Jilin City, witnessed the incident of "Eight Girls Throwing themselves into the River". It turned out that Jin Shangjie's former name Jin Shifeng also appeared in Zhou Baozhong's diary, but at that time Zhou Baozhong thought that Jin Shifeng, Leng Yun and other eight lesbians had died together.

This is definitely an explosive discovery, because Jin Shifeng served as the chief of staff of the First Division of the Fifth Anti-Alliance Army at the time. It can be judged from Zhou Baozhong's diary that Jin Shifeng was with the Eight Girls at that time.

When Wen Ye found Jin Shifeng, the old man was already over 70 years old. When asked about the "eight girls who threw themselves into the river", Jin Shifeng said that to be precise, it was not a river, but a river named Us. Hunhe means "raging river" in Manchu.

From Jin Shifeng's words, Wen Ye learned the whole story of "Eight Girls Throwing themselves into the River".

After the battle in Loushan Town, the First Division of the Fifth Anti-Japanese Army, led by the division commander Guan Shufan, walked to the west bank of the Ushun River in August or September of 1938 at the mouth of Xujiatun to rest and prepare Cross the east bank of the river.

Due to the fierce fighting in the past few days, the first division has suffered serious attrition. At that time, there were only more than a hundred people. The women's regiment following the army now only has eight people left. It can be said that this unit is facing a desperate situation. .

At that time, the troops wanted to cross the river here. This was usually a river crossing. The water was relatively shallow and horses could wade through it. However, due to continuous rain at that time, the water in the Ushun River surged, and the river swelled. The area was nearly 100 meters wide, and the passage across the river was completely submerged. The troops could only camp here, hoping to wait until the river slowed down to find a crossing before crossing the river.

After setting up camp, the anti-union soldiers lit a fire in the camp. For students who knew some military knowledge, the Ji Marching Army was most taboo about lighting fires at night, as it would easily expose their whereabouts.

It is not that the generals of the Anti-Japanese Alliance do not understand such simple military common sense. They are all experienced warriors who have been fighting enemies in the mountains and forests for a long time. Yes, the weather in the Northeast became cooler after September, especially at night. The temperature was very low. When the soldiers were marching, their clothes were soaked by heavy rains. If they did not light a fire to keep warm, they would easily suffer from "hypothermia", which was very common. Seriously.

The second point is that the First Division suffered a heavy setback at that time, with only a few hundred men left, and the scale that could make fires was not large. It only needed to light a few fires. In a vast area with sparsely populated areas, In the Northeast region, such a large-scale fire is not easy to be discovered by the enemy.

After living, the bodies of the soldiers quickly warmed up, and everyone fell asleep one after another. What the soldiers did not expect was that an Anti-Japanese traitor and traitor named Ge Hailu discovered the camp where they lived.

Ge Hailu was once the adjutant of a division of the Eighth Anti-Japanese Army. He later rebelled and surrendered to the enemy and became a spy for the Japanese invaders. During his reconnaissance, he discovered a fire in the distance. He immediately went down the mountain and reported the matter to Qiao Mu, the captain of the Japanese army stationed in Zangzigou Village, knew that his troops were insufficient, so he reported it to his superior, Colonel Kumagai.

After Xiong Gu learned about the situation, he personally led dozens of cavalrymen to the Anti-Alliance camp, and urgently mobilized a "punitive team" of more than a thousand people to surround the Anti-Alliance camp.

By daybreak, the Japanese and puppet troops had completed the encirclement and launched an attack. The sudden attack put the anti-alliance fighters in a desperate situation. At this time, the only option was to cross the Ushun River.

Division commander Guan Shufan ordered his staff officer Jin Shifeng to lead eight female soldiers to find a ferry and cross the river first. Since the female soldiers did not know how to swim, Jin Shifeng went into the river first to explore the depth. After Jin Shifeng entered the water, he found that the water was getting thicker and thicker. It was too deep to stand in the current, and he was swept downstream by the water. Fortunately, Jin Shifeng had good water properties and was not submerged by the river. At this moment, gunfire rang out from the shore, and he was also shot and disappeared into the river.

The Japanese and puppet troops launched an attack on the main force of the First Division. Because Leng Yun and other eight female soldiers were hidden in the ditches on both sides of the river, the Japanese and puppet troops did not discover that their target was the main force of the First Division.

After the main force of the First Division exchanged fire with the enemy, it began to retreat westward and entered the dense forest. However, due to the large number of Japanese and puppet troops, the breakout was unsuccessful.

At this critical moment, intensive gunfire suddenly rang out from the side and rear of the Japanese and puppet troops. The Japanese and puppet troops thought there was an ambush, so they immediately turned their guns and surrounded the place where the heavy gunfire was.

It turned out that eight female soldiers headed by Leng Yun saw that the main force was in danger, so they made a noise to divert the enemy's attention. After opening fire, the Japanese and puppet troops immediately mobilized a part of the team to deal with it. The soldiers of the 1st Anti-Union Division were all battle-hardened and experienced warriors. At the moment when the enemy hesitated, they tore a hole in the enemy's defense line and broke out.

This made the Japanese and puppet generals very angry. While sending people to pursue the main force of the first division, they launched an attack on eight female soldiers.

Although the eight female soldiers were surrounded by the Japanese and puppet troops, they occupied a favorable terrain and were able to resist for a while. When they saw the main force and were about to escape, they shouted in unison toward the dense forest: "Comrades, rush out! Save Grab it with your hands and fight the Japanese till the end!"

In fact, they already understood before they opened fire that they would not be able to retreat as long as they opened fire and exposed their position. When the Japanese and puppet troops' artillery fire came, the knee-high dead grass in the ditch began to burn. After a round of fighting, the female warriors ran out of bullets, and the enemy obviously did not want to kill them all, but wanted to capture them alive.

Seeing that the eight female soldiers had run out of bullets, the enemy immediately launched a charge and shouted "Catch them alive."

At this critical moment, Leng Yun threw out a grenade, and the enemy immediately fell to the ground. Eight female soldiers took advantage of the gap between the explosion of the grenade to carry their injured comrades on their backs, and stepped on the ground together with arms linked. into the cold Ushun River.

Did the eight female warriors enter the Ushun River to cross the river?

No, they already knew when Jin Shifeng was washed downstream when he crossed the river. The water level was very high at that time, and they couldn't swim, so they couldn't cross the river at all. Their purpose was to commit suicide. After running out of bullets, they did not want to surrender and be captured, so they chose to drown themselves in the river.

In 1962, the Northeast Martyrs Memorial Hall established a special investigation team on the deeds of "Eight Girls Throwing themselves into the River". With the support of party and government departments at all levels and the assistance of the informed people, they followed the path that the army had gone through in those eight years. After walking for six to seven hundred miles along the Ushun River, and interviewing dozens of comrades, it was finally confirmed that the eight female warriors were Leng Yun, the instructor of the Women's Corps of the Fifth Army of the Second Route Army of the Anti-Japanese War, and the squad leaders Hu Xiuzhi and Yang Guizhen. Soldiers Guo Guiqin, Huang Guiqing, Wang Huimin, Li Fengshan and quilt factory director An Shunfu.

Among the eight people, Leng Yun’s life information is the most detailed. Leng Yun’s original name is Zheng Xiangzhi. He is a native of Huachuan County, Heilongjiang. His father is Zheng Qingyun. He has done some business. His family conditions are not bad. His parents’ thoughts He was not very conservative, because Leng Yun was able to study and was admitted to Huachuan County Normal School at the age of 16. Here, Leng Yun was exposed to progressive ideas and determined to embark on the road of revolution.

During this period, Leng Yun joined the Communist Party of China. After graduating from school, Leng Yun engaged in underground work of the party as a school teacher.

Just when Leng Yun wanted to join the revolution, her parents had already arranged a marriage for her. Her fiancé was a Puppet Manchukuo policeman named Sun Hanqi. This made Leng Yun very dissatisfied. In her eyes, Serving in the Puppet Manchukuo is tantamount to being a traitor. As a member of the Communist Party, how can it be possible to marry a traitor?

When Leng Yun disclosed his experience to the organization, the head of the underground party organization believed that Sun Hanqi had a special identity. If necessary, he could use his identity to penetrate into the enemy and provide valuable information to the party organization. military intelligence.

Although Leng Yun was very reluctant, thinking of the revolutionary situation at that time, Leng Yun decided to obey the organization's arrangements, marry Sun Hanqi, and carry out instigation work.

What Leng Yun did not expect was that Sun Hanqi was very stubborn in his thinking and was not inclined to revolution. Leng Yun was at risk of being exposed while doing his work.

Soon, the local underground party organization was destroyed. Considering the risk of Leng Yun being exposed, the party organization agreed that she should leave Sun Hanqi and join the anti-alliance team.

In order to escape the clutches of the devil, Leng Yun and Ji Naichen, another underground party member in the school, decided to leave the county together. In order to avoid being thought to be participating in the revolution, they pretended to be an eloping couple. Soon after joining the Anti-Japanese War, they married on the battlefield and fought side by side.

In the summer of 1938, Leng Yun gave birth to a daughter for Ji Naichen, but Ji Naichen had already died in the battle. Two months later, the Fifth Army of the Anti-Alliance Army began its western expedition. Leng Yun knew that the war was urgent. So her daughter was fostered in a family in Yilan County. Shortly thereafter, the tragic story of "eight girls throwing themselves into the river" occurred. After Leng Yun's death, her daughter was never heard from again.

Anshunfu, the director of the quilt factory, is also an old revolutionary. Anshunfu is from Xin'antun, Muling Town, Muling City, Heilongjiang Province. When she was 13 years old, she participated in the anti-Japanese and national salvation movement with her father and brother. After the September 18th Incident, Later, Anshunfu, who was only 16 years old, stood guard and sentry with other teenagers in the village.

Later, Anshunfu's village was raided by the enemy, and Anshunfu's father and younger brother were killed by the enemies. In revenge, Anshunfu left his hometown and joined the Anti-League, and joined the Communist Party of China in 1933. Party, and served as the director of the quilt factory of the Fourth Anti-Japanese Army.

During the Western Expedition with the army in 1938, Anshunfu joined the women's regiment of the Fifth Army and fought alongside Leng Yun and several other female soldiers.

Except for Leng Yun and An Shunfu, most of the remaining female warriors were young female warriors in their 20s. The youngest warrior, Wang Huimin, was only 13 years old when she died.

This villager's name is Wang Liancai, who is from Sihe Village on the Ushun River. He is also a childhood friend of Guo Guiqin and Wang Huimin in the "Eight Girls". The old man said that they often played together when they were young. Anti-Union soldiers stood guard.

The old man had a deep impression of Guo Guiqin, saying that she was not originally from Sihe Village, but because her grandmother lived here, he had been raising her. Guo Guiqin’s nickname was Juhua, she was tall and had big braids. Wearing a red headband.

Many years later, Wang Liancai still clearly remembers that Guo Guiqin wanted to join the Anti-League. Her grandmother did not agree, but Guo Guiqin still cut off her braids, and then joined the Anti-League team and became a The female warrior was only 15 years old at the time.

According to the old man's recollection, on the day when "Eight Girls Throwed themselves into the River", he was working in the fields when he suddenly heard the sound of gunshots and knew something was wrong, so he secretly ran to the river and happened to see " In the scene "Eight Girls Throw themselves into the River", Wang Liancai cried for a long time by the river when he thought of the sacrifice of his childhood playmate.

One evening two days later, Wang Liancai's father accidentally discovered the unconscious Jin Shifeng in an abandoned secret camp on the mountain.

Considering that spies often came to the village at that time, Wang's father did not dare to tell anyone the news, so he told Wang Liancai. Wang Liancai was very thin. Although he was 15 years old at the time, he looked like a teenager. Just like children, they herd cattle for a landowner's family.

The king’s father asked him to take advantage of the opportunity of herding cattle into the mountains to deliver medicine and food to Jin Shifeng until Jin Shifeng recovered from his injury and left.

However, Wang Liancai never heard from Jin Shifeng again. Later, after Japan surrendered, Wang Liancai went to ask for news about Jin Shifeng. At that time, he thought he had died on the battlefield.

He did not know that Jin Shifeng later changed his name. At that time, the struggle environment of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Alliance was very harsh. Many soldiers left their families and went to the mountains to join the Anti-Japanese Alliance team. In order to avoid their families being implicated, Everyone changes their names all the time.

Wang Liancai’s words were completely consistent with what Wen Ye learned from Jin Shifeng, and they were even more corroborative.

As for why Jin Shifeng did not go to Wang Liancai and his son later, it is actually very easy to understand. In the arduous combat environment, this kind of near-death scene has become a common occurrence for every anti-alliance fighter. In an era when transportation was underdeveloped, Jin Shifeng might have been asked to look for the place where the eight girls threw themselves into the river, but he wouldn't be able to find it.

As for the specific location of "Eight Girls Throwing themselves into the River", two days after the battle, the soldiers who broke out returned here to look for the remains of their comrades, and found them at the mouth of the Mudanjiang River two miles away from where the Eight Girls were martyred. Each of the five bodies was riddled with bullet holes, and the comrades had no choice but to bury their bodies on the spot.

However, in the following decades, the Ushun River changed its course and the Mudanjiang River experienced several floods. The burial place of the martyrs' remains could no longer be found.

Wang Liancai recalled the place where "Eight Girls Throwed themselves into the River" and said: "I remember that there was a big pine tree on the west bank of the river at that time. The river was not as narrow as it is now. It was at least 300 meters. Now it is only 50 meters. Eight Girls threw themselves into the river." The reason why we chose to cross the river here is because the river is wide, shallow and slow, making it easy to wade across. It was a secret ferry for the Anti-Japanese Alliance at that time."

As more information was discovered, As more witnesses appear, those who question the heroic deeds will naturally remain silent. In fact, in the arduous struggle of the Anti-Japanese War, there were too many deeds like "Eight Women Throwing themselves into the River". It is a blessing to be known to the public. Things, however, are more about those who silently dedicate their lives to protect the country from foreign aggression. It is precisely because tens of thousands of Chinese people who are unwilling to be slaves to the subjugation throw their heads and shed blood that the invaders are driven out of us. 's home.