Why is the lowest temperature in China in summer on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau?
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1. Characteristics of temperature distribution in China: temperature zoning in China:
In winter, the temperature difference between north and south of China is very large. The 1℃ isotherm is roughly distributed along the Qinling-Huaihe line. The coldest place in winter is Mohe Town, Heilongjiang Province. In summer, the temperature is generally high in most places except the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The hottest place in summer is Turpan, Xinjiang. China is divided into cold temperate zone, middle temperate zone, warm temperate zone, subtropical zone and tropical zone from north to south. There is also a plateau climate zone. The main index of dividing temperature zone is active accumulated temperature.
Second, the characteristics of temperature distribution in China:
Characteristics of temperature distribution in China and division of temperature zones in China: In winter, there is a great temperature difference between the north and the south of China. 1℃ isotherm is distributed along the Qinling-Huaihe River line. The coldest place in winter is Mohe Town, Heilongjiang Province. In summer, the temperature is generally high in most places except the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The hottest place in summer is Turpan, Xinjiang. China is divided into cold temperate zone, middle temperate zone, warm temperate zone, subtropical zone and tropical zone from north to south. There is also a plateau climate zone. The main index of dividing temperature zone is active accumulated temperature.
3. Physical and geographical conditions of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau:
1. Topographic features: Plateau topography is the main feature, located at the first step of China. The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is the highest and youngest plateau in the world, with continuous snow peaks and extensive glaciers, with an average elevation of over 4,000 meters. Almost all the peaks above 8000 meters above sea level in the world are in this area. The crust in southern Tibet is active, and two plates collide here. The Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon is the highest in the world. Northern Tibet is more than 4500 meters above sea level, and the surface is undulating; Qaidam Basin is the highest inland great basin in China. Agriculture and animal husbandry are mainly concentrated in lakes and valleys.
2. Climatic characteristics: high altitude, low temperature and large temperature difference between day and night; Less precipitation, large regional differences; Strong sunshine and long sunshine time.
3. Hydrological characteristics: Glacier meltwater recharge, south of the Gangdise Mountains is affected by the monsoon from the Indian Ocean, with large water volume, large drop and abundant hydraulic resources. Especially the Yarlung Zangbo River Grand Canyon has great potential for hydropower development.
4. Major rivers: Yarlung Zangbo River, the birthplace of Yangtze River, Yellow River and other major rivers.
5. Major lakes: One of the main distribution areas of inland lakes in China, Qinghai Lake is the largest lake in China, including Namco Lake and Selin Lake. Vegetation: Alpine meadow is dominant, and there is a large area of cold desert in northern Tibet. The vertical zoning in the marginal areas is obvious.
6. Soil: mainly cold desert soil and mountain meadow soil.
7. Dominant factor: high terrain.