Brief introduction of three emperors and five emperors
The Three Emperors and Five Emperors are the collective names of historical mythical figures "Huang San" and "Five Emperors". The original meaning of Huang San refers to the ancient (emperor, monarch and emperor), while Fu Xishi was added as "Huang San". In the original sense, the Five Emperors refer to five ancient gods, and then five ancient tribal leaders, including Gongsun Xuanyuan, were added as "Five Emperors".
Extended data:
Brief introduction of Huang San
1, Fuxi, Shennong and Huangdi are considered as the humanistic ancestors of the Chinese nation. Fu is the earliest recorded Wang Zhiyi in China's ancient books, which dates back to the middle and late Neolithic Age. According to the changes of everything in the world, the Three Emperors and Five Emperors invented and created the Eight Diagrams, which became the beginning of ancient Chinese characters in China, and ended the history of "knot notes".
2. Shennong was originally the leader of the Jiang tribe in the basin. Later, he invented wooden barriers as agricultural tools to teach people to grow crops, make pottery and textiles and use fire. With his outstanding achievements, he won the Fire King, so he became Emperor Yan, the number of Shennong in the world, and was revered as the God of agriculture by later generations. After Fuxi, Shennong is another legend who has made great contributions to the Chinese nation. In addition to inventing farming techniques, he also invented medical skills, formulated a calendar, and pioneered irrigation techniques connecting nine wells.
Xuanyuan Huangdi is the ancestor of the Chinese nation, the ancestor of mankind and the leader of the ancient tribal alliance in China. Shaodian's son, surnamed Gongsun, has lived in Jishui for a long time. Because he changed his surname to Ji and lived in Xuanyuan Mountain (in the northwest of Xinzheng, Henan Province, which is controversial), he was named Xuanyuan. He was born, started a business and built his capital in Xiong (now Xinzheng, Henan), so he is also called Xiong. Because of his virtue, he was named the Yellow Emperor.
Five legendary rulers
1, surnamed Yin, was born on the bank of Yin (Yuan) water. He ascended the throne in a place called Qiongsang in northern Shandong Province, and later moved to Qufu, where he established an oriental tribal bird country with phoenix as the main totem-Shao Hao country.
2. Zhuan Xu was one of the five ancient emperors. The grandson of the Yellow Emperor, surnamed Ji. Father is the second son of the Yellow Emperor Changyi, sealed in Ruoshui, married the daughter of Shushan Chang servant, and gave birth to Zhuan Xu. Zhuan Xu has a deep personality and is resourceful. At the age of fifteen, he assisted Shao Hao, governed Jiuli area, and was sealed in Gaoyang (now East of Qixian County, Henan Province), so he was also called Levin's.
After the death of the Yellow Emperor, Zhuan Xu became emperor because of his virtue, at the age of twenty. As one of the Five Emperors, Levin was an emperor with civil power. During his reign, he founded Kyushu, which made China have a territorial boundary for the first time. Establish a ruling body, make a marriage, make a marriage, study the differences between men and women, and be orderly; Reform the calendar, set four seasons and twenty-four solar terms, and later generations respected him as "Li Zong".
3. Di Ku, surnamed Ji, Ming Jun, Ming, from Shangqiu, Henan. He is the third emperor among the "Three Emperors and Five Emperors", that is, the great-grandson of the Yellow Emperor, who inherited Yan Huang and Yao Shun and laid the foundation for China. He is the common human ancestor of the Chinese nation and the first male of the Shang clan. After the death of Emperor Zhuan Xu, he succeeded to the throne at the age of thirty. After co-governing the world, Bo (now Shangqiu, Henan Province) was the capital and Ma De was the emperor, which was deeply loved by the people.
Emperor Yao Di's surname is Qi Yi, his name is Fang Xun and his history is Tang Yao. In 2377 BC, on the second day of the second lunar month, he was born in Yiqishan Mountain in the Tang Dynasty, and spent his childhood with his mother in Du Qing. 15 years old was named Tang Hou under the mountain closure in Tang County. At the age of 20, his brother Di Zhi was forced to give way to him and became the leader of the tribal alliance at the end of primitive society in China.
5. Shun, whose name is Yu Shun, was born in (now Puyang, Henan) and his surname is Yao. Yao is a descendant of Huangdi and Shun. Shun, known as Yao, is the legendary holy king.
After Shun came to power, he revised the calendar again and held a ceremony to worship the four seasons of heaven and earth and the gods of mountains and rivers. He also collected letters from various governors, then set an auspicious day, called princes and princes from all over the country, held a grand ceremony and re-issued letters. When he ascended the throne, he traveled around the world, offering sacrifices to famous mountains, convening governors and inspecting people's feelings; It is also stipulated that an inspection tour will be held in the next five years to check the performance of the governor and stipulate rewards and punishments, which shows that Shun attaches importance to ties with local authorities.
References:
Baidu encyclopedia-three emperors and five emperors
What are the three emperors and five emperors? Huang San
From Li Zhouguan's pure foreign history: The Book of Three Emperors and Five Emperors
Usually, people who talk about ancient history must talk about "three emperors and five emperors." The "Five Emperors" are still behind the "Huang San", and it is generally believed that "Huang San" is the humanistic ancestor of the Chinese nation. [ 1]
The name "Huang San" can't be found in the classics, and there are different opinions on its composition. However, Shangshu Zhuan Xu regards Suiren, Fuxi and Shennong as "Huang San", and ancient books such as Tongyin of Customs, Yi Tong of White Tiger and Textual Research of Ancient History also hold this view. According to the most extensive Taoist culture, Huang San is also: Suiren (Emperor Sui) and Fuxi (Emperor xi).
However, according to the records of ancient books, there are different opinions and no conclusion.
Historical Records claims that Qin Shihuang, Huang Di and Tai Huang were all from Huang San. The seventy-eighth volume of Taiping Yu Lan quoted another view of Chunqiu Wei, that is, the emperor, the Yellow Emperor and Ren Huang were Huang San, while Tai Huang seemed to be Ren Huang.
The emperor took Fuxi, Shennong and Huangdi as Huang San in the century. Three-character Classics: From Xinong to Huangdi. No. Huang San ranks first in the world. (Fuxi, Shennong, Huangdi)
Fu Xi, Shen Nong and Gong Gong are also called Huang San in The Collection as a Mirror.
Dou Yun Book, Yuan Mingbao and other books contain: Huang San is not only Fuxi and Shennong, but also Nu Wa, who established a marriage system to create people. In Shu Wei in the Han Dynasty, Huang San was called the Emperor, the Yellow Emperor and Ren Huang, and was regarded as the Three Gods. Later, in Taoism, Huang San was divided into three groups: the emperor of the third grade was human; In Huang San, people face snakes or dragons; In the post-Huang San era, the post-emperor was the first dragon, namely Fuxi, the post-Huangdi was the first snake, namely Nuwa, and the descendants were the first cow, namely Shennong.
Five legendary rulers
As for the five ancient emperors, opinions vary. Generally speaking, they are Huangdi, Zhuan Xu, Di Ku and Yao Shun. There are three main theories about the Five Emperors in Shao Hao, one of which is Huangdi, Zhuan Xu, Di Ku and Yaoshun. The second statement refers to Da _ (Fuxi), Yan Di, Huangdi, Shao _ () and Zhuan Xu. The third statement refers to Shao Hao (_), Zhuan Xu, (), Yao and Shun. The first four emperors (Bai Di, Di Qing, Huangdi and Yan Di) worshipped Qin, while Hei Di was the five emperors.
History Book, Dai Li Ji and Historical Records of Five Emperors rank Huangdi, Zhuan Xu, Di Ku and Yao Shun as five emperors.
The Book of Rites Moon Order takes Da _ (Fuxi), Yan Di, Huangdi, Shao _ () and Zhuan Xu as five emperors.
Shao Hao (_), Zhuan Xu, () and Yao Shun are called "Five Emperors" in the Book of History.
In addition, there is a myth that these five gods are collectively called the Five Emperors. The "Five Emperors" in Wang Yi's Notes on Chu Ci in the Eastern Han Dynasty are five gods, namely, Tai Hao in the East, Yan Di in the South, Ji Shao in the West, Zhuan Xu in the North and Jia Zaitianguan's "Five Emperors Sacrifice" in the Tang Dynasty, which is the forerunner of the East and the South, and is the hub of the Yellow Emperor in the Central Plains, the White Emperor in the West and the North.
The first four emperors (Bai Di, Di Qing, Huangdi and Yan Di) worshipped Qin, while Hei Di was the five emperors. According to the Twelve Dynasties in Lv Buwei, the Five Emperors were the gods in charge of the four directions, the four seasons and the five elements. The yellow emperor is in the middle, with earth virtue; Big _ living in the east, with wood virtue, the main spring, also known as the spring emperor; Emperor Yan lives in the south, has a fire virtue and is in charge of Xia, also known as Emperor Yan; Less _ in the west, with Jinde, the main autumn, also known as Bai Di; Zhuan Xu, also known as Hei Di, lives in the north and has a good reputation for water. (Lv Chunqiu Zhao Lei) Who are the Three Emperors and Five Emperors? For the Five Emperors, the statement of Historical Records of the Five Emperors is generally adopted.
What do the Three Emperors and Five Emperors mean respectively? In fact, Three Emperors and Five Emperors refer to a tribal leader, at best, the leader of a tribal alliance. Several tribes are scattered on a piece of land, and conflicts are inevitable. It is necessary to have one person in charge together. This person must be recognized by everyone, that is, the leader of federalism.
Because Huang San was a long time ago, there are many opinions. Two of them are recognized by everyone, one is Fu and the other is Shennong.
Third, some people say it's Nu Wa, others say it's Zhu Rong, and more people believe it's Suirenshi.
Shennong's agricultural planting is very level, which solves the most basic survival problem. Suiren's fire drilling technique has brought mankind a big step closer to the mature civilization like a beast. Cultural master Fu invented divination and so on. Although there are different candidates in Huang San, they are all people or tribes who have made great contributions, otherwise they could not be crowned as "emperors".
Huang San is: Fu, Shennong, Suiren or Nuwa.
There are many records of the five emperors. Sima Qian concentrated all kinds of historical materials and rumors and carefully wrote a biography of the Five Emperors.
The five emperors are Huangdi, Zhuan Xu, Di Ku, Tang Yao and Yu Shun.
The head of the Five Emperors is the Yellow Emperor. Both Huangdi and Yandi are sons of Xiongshi Juvenile School. They defeated Yan Di in the Battle of Cold Spring, captured and killed disobedient Chiyou in the Battle of Zhuolu, and were honored as emperors by the governors.
The second place is Zhuan Xu (zhuān xū). Zhuan Xu is the grandson of the Yellow Emperor and the son of the King of Changyi.
The third place is Di Ku (KU). Di Ku is the grandson of Xiao Xuan, the son of the Yellow Emperor.
The fourth place is Tang Yao. Yao is the son.
The fifth place is Yu Shun. Shun was elected by the people. After continuous investigation by Yao, he finally abdicated the wise monarch.
Who are the three emperors and five emperors? There are always different opinions about some of the oldest emperors in China legends. Generally speaking, Suirenshi, Fuxishi and Shennongshi are Huang San, while Huangdi, Zhuan Xu, Di Ku and Yaoshun are five emperors. Generally refers to the ancient emperors.
Three Emperors and Five Emperors are the collective names of "Huang San" and "Five Emperors". The original meaning of Huang San refers to the ancient (emperor, monarch and emperor), while Fu Xishi was added as "Huang San". In the original sense, the Five Emperors refer to five ancient gods, and then five ancient tribal leaders, including the Yellow Emperor Gongsun Xuanyuan (also known as Ji Xuanyuan), were added as the Five Emperors.
Later, there were different opinions in different works on the supplement of the later Three Emperors and Five Emperors:
Huang San:
1, Suiren, Fuxi, Shennong, from The Biography of Shangshu.
2. Fuxi, Nuwa and Shennong came from the Spring and Autumn Movement.
3. Fuxi, Zhu Rong and Shennong are from Custom Yi Tong.
4. Fuxi, Shennong and Huangdi are from the classics of the Three Kingdoms.
5. The Youchao family and the Suiren family are from Zhuangzi and Zhi Yi Lu.
Five emperors:
1, Tai Hao, Yan Di, Huangdi, Shao Hao, Zhuan Xu, Lv Chunqiu.
2. Huangdi, Zhuan Xu, Yao and Shun are from Dadai.
3. Huangdi, Zhuan Xu, Yao, from "The Collection of Building a Foreign Country with Capital and Tongzhi".
A brief history of Three Emperors and Five Emperors:
1, emperor.
Don't call it Tian Ling, Anti-Five and Fog. The surname is Wang, the name is obtained, and the word is born; The first of the "Five Dragons"; King by wood. The emperor followed the rule of Pangu, which was located on the site of Jiaomo Mountain in Liangzhu ancient city. During the reign from 9684 to 7884, Shi Tian was the son of Pangu, the god of creation, the father of the monarch on earth, and the first Chinese tribal leader since the beginning of time. When it comes to Xi Shi, it is called "Huang San" with Shennong of the Yellow Emperor and Nuwa of Ren Huang.
2. The monarch on earth.
The son of the emperor, the husband of Moment Ling and the father of the emperor are also one of the "Five Dragons". Before 7884-before 6084. Its capital is Liangzhu Ancient City, and its capital is Longmen and Xiong 'er Mountain (now Longmen Mountain and Xiong 'er Mountain in Luoyang City, Henan Province). The monarch on earth is called Shennong, which is called "Huang San" together with the emperor Fu and Ren Huang Nuwa.
3. The emperor's family.
The abbreviation of "Ren Huang", also called "Tai Huang"; Also known as Fang family. The emperor's family is the son of the human sovereign and the father of Titian's family. From 6084 to 4724, he reigned, with its capital in Liangzhu ancient city and its capital in the ruins of two towns in Donggang District, Rizhao City, Shandong Province. When it comes to the emperor's surname, it is called Nuwa's surname, and it is also called "Huang San" and the emperor Fu Xishi and Huangdi Shennong.
4.Titing's family.
Also known as Huang Shenshi. From 4724 to 4694, he reigned, with its capital in Liangzhu ancient city and its capital in today's Huaihe River basin. The exact location is unknown. Titian's family is the son of the royal family and the father of this surname. In addition, it is said that Han Zhongli, the Eight Immortals (compound surname Li Zhong, name right. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, people called it Han Zhongli, which was the reincarnation of Ti Ting.
5. Pass the surname.
Also known as Qin Huang and Li Guang. From 4694 to 4664, he reigned, with its capital in Liangzhu Ancient City and its capital in the south of China (now Jiuyi Mountain, ningyuan county, Yongzhou City, Hunan Province). Tong surname is the son of Titing family and the father of Chao family.
6, there is a nest.
Not "super". Ranked first among the five families, China people. My ancestral home is in today's Chaohu Lake Basin; Establish the ancient nest country, the tribal leader of ancient China. He lived in Chaohu City, Anhui Province, and later moved to Shiloushan, Xing County, Shanxi Province. Some scholars believe that the birthplace of Youchao is Cangwu and the capital is Wuyang, Henan. Some historians believe that Chao was born in Shandong, Sichuan, Inner Mongolia, Yunnan, Hunan and other places. According to the historical records of China, Youchao lived in the early Paleolithic period and created a nesting civilization. One day, he will be called "the ancestor of mankind" and "the leader of civilization" in China.
7. embarrassing people.
Also known as Sui Emperor, its capital was Suiming (now Shangqiu, Henan Province) and later moved to Baoding, Hebei Province (now Nanzhuangtou Site, Baoding, Hebei Province). Suirenshi is the son of Suirenshi, the husband of Hua Xushi, and the father of Fu and Nuwa. From 4464 to 4354, Sui Ren was the first individual tribal leader (non-tribal alliance leader) in China. Emperor Yangdi's mausoleum is located in Suiyang District, Shangqiu City, Henan Province. It is the oldest imperial mausoleum in the history of China.
8. Hua Xushi. Its capital is now Hua Xu Town, Lantian County, Xi City, Shaanxi Province. Hua Xushi is the wife of Suiren, and the mother of Fu Xishi and Nuwa. His reign time is unknown, and he may rule with Emperor Yangdi. Fu Xishi succeeded to the throne after Sui Renshi. Hua Xu Mausoleum is located in Hua Xu Mountain, Shilai Town, xintai city.
9. Fu Xishi.
Also known as Huang Xi, Taihao and Di Qing. Its capital was established in Wenshang (now Wenshang County, Shandong Province) and later moved to Wanqiu (now Huaiyang County, Henan Province), and its reign lasted from 4354 to 4239. Fuxishi is the son of Suiren and Hua Xushi, and Hua Xushi is the brother and husband of Nuwa. Grandfather of Emperor Yan Shennong. Sui Renshi succeeded to the throne. Fuxi is the emperor. It is said that the Fuxi family of Taihao is also one of the five gods in ancient China mythology. Fuxi Mausoleum is located at 1.5 km north of Huaiyang County, Zhoukou City, Henan Province.
10 nuwa.
Also known as Huang, he reigned from 4239 to 4 109. Nu Wa is the daughter of Sui Renshi and Hua Xushi, and the sister and wife of Fu Xishi. Grandmother of Emperor Yan Shennong. After the fall, he became emperor on his own and ruled the world together with Emperor Yan Zhu. Speaking of Nu Wa, it is the emperor's family. Nu Wa City and Nu Wa Mausoleum are located in Xihua County, Zhoukou City, Henan Province.
Zhu 1 1.
Three generations of Zhu served as Emperor Yan, also known as Emperor Yan, and later acceded to the throne with Fu. Ruled the world with Nu Wa, and reigned from 4239 BC to 4 169 BC, with its capital in Zhu Yi (now Zhecheng County, Shangqiu City, Henan Province). Zhu Xiang ruled the world, the wind and yang prevailed, and everything was scattered and the fruit declined. Therefore, the teacher made five strings, and since the evil wind, it will be a group. Zhu Xiang family was finally destroyed by Shennong family. Yan Di Zhu Xiang Mausoleum is located in Dongdatun Township, Zhecheng County, Shangqiu City.
12, Shennong.
Shennong in the Nine Dynasties was Yan Di, also known as Nong Di, Chi Di and Shanshi Lie. Its capital is Fujiu Market (the same as Fuxi Capital). Later, it moved its capital to Qufu City, Shandong Province and Luoyang City, Henan Province. 4 109- 3579 BC, Emperor Yan Shennong was the grandson of Fu Xishi and Nu Wa, who passed it on to him after his death. Later, he defeated and occupied the territory of Yan Emperor Zhu Xiang and unified China for the first time. Later, it was defeated by Xuanyuan Huangdi and moved to Zhuzhou City, Hunan Province. There are many tombs of Shennong in Yan Di, among which Yan Di in Baoji, Shaanxi Province is the No.1 tomb of Shennong in Yan Di, and Yan Di in Zhuzhou, Hunan Province is the No.8 tomb of Shennong in Yan Di. It has been said that Shennong is a secular prince. According to legend, Emperor Yan Shennong is also one of the five gods in ancient China mythology.
13, there are bears.
Huangdi, also known as Xuanyuan. Its capital was Xiong (now Xinzheng, Henan Province), and its reign lasted from 2697 to 2395. In the battle of Zhuolu, he and his half-brother Yan Di defeated Chiyou, the leader of Jiuli tribe, and then moved to Zhuolu (now Zhuolu County, Zhangjiakou City, Hebei Province). Later, he defeated and seized the throne of Emperor Yan in the Battle of Hanquan, forcing him to surrender and retreat to the south. Legend has it that the Yellow Emperor Xuanyuan is the head of the five gods in ancient China mythology, and is called "the male Xuanyuan family in the Yellow Emperor" (the other four heavenly emperors are Fuxi in Tai Hao, Di Qing, Jintian in Shao Hao, Shennong in Yan Di, Chi Di and Levin in Zhuan Xu, Hei Di). The mausoleum is located in Zhuolu, Hebei Province, and its great-grandson Zhuan Xu was buried in Jingshan, Henan Province after defeating Gonggong to recover the Central Plains.
Qingyang No.1 Middle School 14.
Namely, also known as Hejin. He is the eldest son of the Yellow Emperor (another theory holds that Shao Hao is the son of the Seven Stars and the Fairy). After the Yellow Emperor succeeded to the throne, he set his capital in poor mulberry (now Sangwei Town, Shuyang County, Suqian City, Jiangsu Province) and later moved his capital to Qufu City, Shandong Province. From 2395 to 2322, the tomb was located in the northeast of Brewmaster Village, 4 kilometers east of Qufu City. Bai Di Shao Hao Jinshitian is also one of the five great gods in ancient China mythology. According to Sima Qian's Records of the Historian, he was an emperor in white in Jin Dynasty and did not ascend to the throne. After Shao Hao's death, the throne was inherited by his nephew Levin, so Levin succeeded to the throne in poor mulberry, and then moved to Shangqiu, the capital city, and fought fiercely with the descendants of Emperor Yan. Gong Gong became angry because of the defeat and tried his best to break the "Optimus Prime"-Buzhoushan (now Bijiashan, Jinzhou, Liaoning). The myth that "the anger of Gonggong can't reach the surrounding mountains" comes from this.
15, from Levin.
Zhuan Xu, also known as Hei Di and Xuan Di. He reigned from 2322 BC to 2245 BC. It established its capital in poor mulberry and then moved to Shangqiu. After defeating Gonggong, it made its capital in Diqiu (now Puyang) and moved the tomb of Huangdi Mausoleum from Zhuolu, Hebei Province to Jingshan, Henan Province. Zhuan Xu is the son of Changyi, the second son of the Yellow Emperor. Zhuan Xu Levin is also one of the five gods in ancient China mythology. The mausoleum is located in Liangzhuang Town, Neihuang County, Anyang City, Henan Province.
Gao Xin's 16.
In other words, Di Ku was in power from 2245 to 2 176. Its capital is Bo (now Shangqiu, Henan). Di Ku is the grandson of Xiao Xuan, and also the cousin of Levin in the sequel. The Emperor Emperor's Mausoleum is located in Gaoxin Town, Suiyang District, Shangqiu City.
17, Qingyang No.2 Middle School.
That is, the reign time of Zhidi was 2 176-2 168 years. Its capital is Qinyang (now Qinyang City, Henan Province), and the emperor is Di Ku's eldest son. After he acceded to the throne, he gave way to his fourth brother Hou (namely Emperor Yao). Mausoleum is located in Yanggu (now north of yanggu county, Liaocheng).
18, come down.
Yao, formerly known as 2 168- 1995, is in his current position. Its capital was in Bei Tang (now Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province) and later moved to Pingyang (now Linfen City, Shanxi Province). Emperor Yao is the fourth son of Di Ku and the fourth brother of Emperor Zhi. Emperor Zhi is not good at politics, and Zen lies in him. In addition, legends such as Yu Yi's flood control and Hou Yi's shooting at the sun also occurred in the Tao Tang period. The mausoleum is located in the ancient forest of Fuchun Township, Juancheng County, Heze City, Shandong Province.
Dani 19.
Its capital was Danshui (now Xichuan County, Nanyang City, Henan Province) (formerly known as Danshui County, the fief of Tao Tang's eldest son Danzhu), and its reign was from 2067 to 2064. Dani is the eldest son of Emperor Yao. Before the death of Emperor Yao, due to corruption, Yao appointed the leader of Yu tribe as his successor. After the death of Emperor Yao, Yao Zhonghua kept filial piety for three years and passed the throne to Danzhu. Danzhu was very poor politically and was still located in Yao Zhonghua three years later. The mausoleum is located in Danzhu Village, Xinzhuang Township, Fan County, Puyang City, Henan Province.
20. There are Yu's family.
That is to say, the reign of Shun was from 1995 to 2067 and from 2064 to 2025 respectively. Its capital is Puban (now Yongji), and Shun Di is the grandson of the Yellow Emperor. Known for his filial piety, he is the hero of the famous twenty-four filial piety-"Xiaogan touched heaven." Inherit the throne of Tao Tang. There are two mausoleums: Shun Di Mausoleum in Yuncheng, Shanxi and Shun Di Mausoleum in Ningyuan, Hunan.
Xia Houshi 2 1.
After the summer, Yu, that is, Dayu, first, then. Before 2025-2015 years ago, it was located in Yangcheng (now Dengfeng City, Henan Province) and then moved to Yangzhai (Yuzhou City, Henan Province). Yu, a descendant of the Yellow Emperor, is the son of Gun, a hero of water control. The founder of the Xia Dynasty. The mausoleum is located in Dayu's tomb at the foot of Huiji Mountain in the southeast of Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province.
22. Pangu.
Pangu is an epoch-making god in ancient legends of China. Before the creation of heaven and earth, the universe was as chaotic as a big egg. There was a giant named Pangu who slept in this "big egg" for about 18000 years and woke up. Pangu opened up the world with his divine power. His left eye turned into the sun and his right eye into the moon; Hair and beard become stars in the night sky; His body became four poles, east, west, north and south, and three majestic mountains and five mountains; Rivers of blood; Teeth, bones and bone marrow have become underground mineral deposits; Skin and hair become vegetation on the earth; Sweat turned into rain and dew. After Pangu died, his soul became human. Therefore, man is the spirit of all things in the world.
23. The Yellow Emperor.
Xuanyuan Huangdi is the ancestor of the Chinese nation, the ancestor of mankind and the leader of the ancient tribal alliance in China. Shaodian's son, surnamed Gongsun, has lived in Jishui for a long time. Because he changed his surname to Ji and lived in Xuanyuan Mountain (in the northwest of Xinzheng, Henan Province, which is controversial), he was named Xuanyuan. He was born, started a business and built his capital in Xiong (now Xinzheng, Henan), so he is also called Xiong. Because of his virtue, he was named the Yellow Emperor. He first unified the great achievements of the Chinese nation and went down in history. He planted hundreds of plants and trees, vigorously developed production, began to make clothes, built ships and cars, invented the compass, set up arithmetic, made music, and created medicine. In the meantime, he has something to say. The Yellow Emperor is the head of the five emperors and has four wives, including Lei Zu and Mo Mu.
24. Yan Di.
Shennong (or descendants of Shennong). According to legend, Emperor Yan surnamed Jiang was born in Lishan (now Lishan in Suixian County, Hubei Province) and grew up in Jiang Shui. According to legend, he is a bull's head, which is now the Qiang people (descendants of the dragon). At first, this clan lived in Jiang Shui Valley, now Qingjiang Valley in Baoji City, and later entered the middle reaches of the Yellow River. According to legend, her mother's name is Deng, and one day she went to Huayang. Surrounded by dragons, she became pregnant and gave birth to Emperor Yan. Legend has it that Emperor Yan had a bull's head and horns on his head. Emperor Yan was born in a stone room in a mountain and grew up in Jiang Shui. His moral character was noble and respected by fire, so he was named Emperor Yan. Emperor Yan is few and wise. He can talk in three days, walk in five days and learn about crops in three years. He has done many good things for the people in his life: teaching the people to farm and making them well fed; In order to protect people from diseases, he tasted all kinds of medicinal materials, so that he was poisoned 70 times a day. He also made musical instruments to make people understand etiquette and was praised by later generations. According to historical records and other ancient books, Emperor Yan's surname is "Yi Jian" and his name is Shi Nian. My mother is Gillian's daughter named Nvdeng, a young princess. Give birth to Emperor Yan. It is longer than, and is called "Jiang". According to the "Outline" and other records: "Emperor Yan ruled the world by virtue of fire instead of Fuxi, which was vulgar, more important than the end, rich but not contending, obedient to the people but not ordering, strong but not killing, frugal but not annoying, so it reached the first step in the south, the secluded capital in the north, the intestinal valley in the east and the danger in the west." "Yue Jue Shu" said: "In the past, Shennong's rule of the world was profitable, and it was unexpected; Not greedy for the wealth of the world, but the world is rich together; Not because of its intelligence, it is expensive for others, but because the world respects it. "
25. Zhuan Xu.
Zhuan Xu was one of the five emperors in ancient times. The grandson of the Yellow Emperor, surnamed Ji. Father is the second son of the Yellow Emperor Changyi, sealed in Ruoshui, married the daughter of Shushan Chang servant, and gave birth to Zhuan Xu. Zhuan Xu has a deep personality and is resourceful. At the age of fifteen, he assisted Shao Hao, governed Jiuli area, and was sealed in Gaoyang (now East of Qixian County, Henan Province), so he was also called Levin's. After the death of the Yellow Emperor, Zhuan Xu became emperor because of his virtue, at the age of twenty. As one of the Five Emperors, Levin was an emperor with civil power. During his reign, he founded Kyushu, which made China have a territorial boundary for the first time. Establish a ruling body, make a marriage, make a marriage, study the differences between men and women, and be orderly; Reform the calendar, set four seasons and twenty-four solar terms, and later generations respected him as "Li Zong".
26. Di Ku.
Di Ku, surnamed Ji, a famous gentleman, was born in Shangqiu, Henan Province. He was the third emperor among the "Three Emperors and Five Emperors", that is, the great-grandson of the Yellow Emperor, who served as a link between Yao and Shun and laid the foundation for China. He is the common human ancestor of the Chinese nation and the first male of the Shang clan. Xuantao, the eldest son of Lei Zu, the empress of Mao Huangdi, has a grandfather named Ji, and Emperor Zhuan Xu is his uncle. Di Ku was born noble, intelligent and capable. At the age of fifteen, he was elected as the Minister of Auxiliary Government by Zhuan Xu, and he was awarded the title of meritorious service in Xin (now Gaoxin Town, Shangqiu City). After the death of Emperor Zhuan Xu, he succeeded to the throne at the age of thirty. After co-governing the world, Bo (now Shangqiu, Henan Province) was the capital and Ma De was the emperor, which was deeply loved by the people.
27. Emperor Yao.
Qi Yi Fang Xun Tang Yao. In 2377 BC, on the second day of the second lunar month, he was born in Yiqishan Mountain in the Tang Dynasty, and spent his childhood with his mother in Du Qing. 15 years old was named Tang Hou under the mountain closure in Tang County. At the age of 20, his brother Di Zhi was forced to give way to him and became the leader of the tribal alliance at the end of primitive society in China. After he succeeded to the throne, he restored his brother's loyalty to the Tang Dynasty as a marquis of Tang Dynasty, and he also established the first capital in Fucheng, Tang County. Later, due to the flood, he gradually moved to Shanxi and made Pingyang his capital. He reigned for 70 years and abdicated to Shun at the age of 90. Around 2259 BC, Yao died at the age of 1 18.
28. Shun Di.
Shun, whose name is Yu Shun, was born in (now Puyang, Henan) and his surname is Yao. Yao is a descendant of Huangdi and Shun. Shun, known as Yao, is the legendary holy king. Shun's real name was Zhong Hua, and Huangfu Mi in Jin Dynasty called him a gentleman. The country is in danger, Dupban. According to the custom of taking the country as the surname in the pre-Qin period, Yu was called Shun Di. Shun was born in Yao market, so his surname is Yao. According to legend, Shun's family background is very poor. Although he is a descendant of Emperor Zhuan Xu, the fifth one is Shu Ren, who belongs to the lower class. Shun's experience is even more unfortunate. His father Gu Sou was blind and his mother died young. After remarriage, the stepmother gave birth to a younger brother named Xiang. Shun lives in a family environment of "stubborn father, arrogant mother and arrogant elephant". His father had ulterior motives, his stepmother was duplicitous, his younger brother was unruly, and several people colluded to kill Shun. However, Shun did not lose his filial piety to his parents and was very friendly to his younger brother. He has never slackened off for years. When his family wanted to hurt him, Shun fled in time. If you are better, go back to them immediately and help them as much as possible, so this is "if you want to kill, you can't get it;" It is so unfortunate to "seek and taste (often) around" and the environment is so bad, but Shun can show extraordinary moral character and handle family relations well, which is a unique aspect of his legendary story.
29 also _.
One is Tai Hao, and the other is Tai Hao, Fuxi and Feng. Legend has it that he was the leader of the ancient Huaxia people living in Chen Di (now Huaiyang County, Henan Province) and the common ancestor of Shennong in Yan Di and Xuanyuan in Huangdi. According to legend, he is a snake or a dragon with a head. He may be a tribal leader who takes snakes or dragons as totems. He lives in Chen Di, and should be the imaginary ancestor of clan tribes in Huaihe River Basin. Mother is Hua Xu. According to legend, Hua Xu saw a giant's footprints in Leize (an ancient place name) and stepped on them, so he got pregnant and was born in Ji Cheng (an ancient place name). Tai _ observe the changes of everything in the world and create gossip. He also invented writing, fixed the wedding ceremony, taught people the methods of animal husbandry, and made a 15 stringed instrument. According to the five elements, after the death of the holy king, the five elements are combined, so Tai _ Hemu, Yan Di Hehuo, Huangdi Hehu and Zhuan Xu Heshui are located in the east and look like the sun, so they are called Tai _. _, Ming also. It is called Mi Sacrifice (Mi, Yin Fu), also known as Fuxi. Ruling 1 10 years.
30, less _.
Shao Hao is a Yin surname. In ancient times, he was named after his birthplace. According to Zheng Qiao's "Tongzhi Clan Genealogy": "He who lives on the bank of Taoshui wins", Shao Hao was born on the bank of Taoshui. Mashui is one of the two tributaries that originated in the upper reaches of Wenhe River in Shandong Province. One is Mouwenhe, which originated from the original residence of the ancient people and has the site of ancient Moucheng; One is Wenyin River, which originated from the original residence of the ancient Korean won people and has the ruins of the ancient Korean won city. He ascended the throne in a place called Qiongsang in northern Shandong Province, and later moved to Qufu, where he established an oriental tribal bird country with phoenix as the main totem-Shao Hao country. He named his officials after 24 kinds of birds, including five birds, five pigeons, five pheasants and nine tigers. For example, he took Xuanniao as Sima and was in charge of military power. In order to wish the dove family Stuart and manage the civil affairs; Take the cuckoo (cuckoo) as the common place and take charge of the building; Take the double family as the commander in chief and take charge of the law; Take the stork pigeon as the housekeeper. For example, five kinds of pheasants are used as the official names of five "workers" responsible for gold, wood, pottery, leather and dyeing, and are responsible for handicrafts. Take nine tiger birds as the names of nine agricultural and industrial officials, who are responsible for agricultural planting and harvesting. In addition, take Xuanniao as the teacher and take charge of the vernal equinox and the autumnal equinox; Manage summer solstice and winter solstice with shrike as the secretary; Managing beginning of spring and Changxia with Jade Bird as the Starting Point; Beginning of autumn and beginning of winter are managed by the Danbird Department. He set up a post as a bird official, each with his own responsibilities, and managed a state-style primitive tribe in an orderly manner, so that "the people have no prostitution, the world is ruled together, and the blessings are everywhere." Therefore, Ji Gu Daotong Biography says: "Huang Sanhe and Shao Hao are the crown of the five emperors". The theory of "Five Elements" was named as "Five Emperors" after it was established at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, and the word "Jin", as the head of the five elements, marked its political virtue. People think that Shao Hao "governs the world with Jinde", hence the name "Jintianshi".
The emperor means:
1 yellow. The emperor is as brilliant as the sun. Ren Huang is the most outstanding. Xi and Wa are both Huangren. Ren Huang said that the emperor was not an emperor. I have the virtue of water, but I have the body of a dragon.