What is a writing outline?

first, defining the outline of conceptual writing is to list the contents of the composition in an orderly manner in brief language through prior conception. The significance of writing an outline lies in: 1. To ensure that the composition is deducted and no principled mistakes are made in the composition of "big right and wrong"; 2. Construct the skeleton of the composition to ensure the clarity of the overall writing ideas. Some students think that writing an outline is "flattering", but it is "laborious" and "time-consuming", and even affects the speed of completing the composition. This is a misunderstanding. I don't know that the overall structure and writing ideas of the article reflected in the outline can even affect the evaluation of the level of the whole article. This "force" is necessary to "cost" and "sharpen the knife and cut the firewood by mistake". With an outline, it's like having a framework for a house, and the walls won't be tilted. What's more, there are two basic forms of outlining, one is to "write an outline" when there is plenty of time, that is, a written outline; One is the "abdominal outline" in the emergency state, that is, the composition outline in the brain, which can cope with it according to the on-the-spot state. Second, the classification of the writing outline can be divided into the following categories according to the relationship between the various levels of the main content: 1. Horizontal case 1-Taking water as a mirror begins with the wonderful theory of "taking copper as a mirror" by Emperor Taizong, which leads to his own view that "taking water as a mirror can read life". Text: A layer of people is like water, so it is calm and soft. Jiang Ziya is 9 years old, but he doesn't meet magpie as calm as water, and Zhuangzi is on the shore of Pushui, but he travels freely. People on the second floor are like water, so take them to be clean and clean. Wang Anshi, who doesn't cover his eyes for the floating clouds, only lives at the highest level, and Yu Qian, who keeps his sleeves clean, so as not to talk about his shortcomings. Three-tier people are like water, taking advantage of their agility. The benevolent Leshan, the wise happy water. Zhou Enlai, who saved the day in chaos, and Churchill, who masterminded the party struggle. End: Extend the theme, and express the wish of a clear heart and a long history. Case 2-The beginning of "Touching": I always write about the bumps and touches on the road of life, and I am always touched by many people and things in my life. Text: The picture of a family is priceless, and it is lyrical about the fact that an ordinary family has suffered from misfortune and hardships and finally ushered in the first light of life. Picture 2 Friendship is fearless. The turn of Yuan Bai, the turn of Li Du, and the turn of Marx and Engels show the power of friendship. Picture 3 Love is invincible. Love of butterfly lovers, love of Romeo and Juliet, love of Zhou Enlai and Deng Yingchao shine with infinite charm. Conclusion: Summarize the topic-people are not vegetation, who can be ruthless, no matter family friendship or love, as long as they are sincere, they will be moving and become an eternal landscape. 2. Vertical Case 3 —— The beginning of "Fighting Corruption and Keeping Honesty": In the Spring and Autumn Period, Zi Han was not arrogant, and monk Shi Baozhai thought about it, and compared what greed was. Subject: Where does a layer of greed come from? Take Kant's "greed is the endless desire of human heart for external things" as a citation and explain it. On the second floor, this desire is all-encompassing. List the manifestations and harms of greed for sex, money, wine and power. How can the three layers make themselves honest and honest? Take Bao Zheng's upright mind, contemporary Chou He's devotion to Sangzi and Ren Changxia's impartial law enforcement as examples, and sum up the ways to get rid of corruption. Conclusion: Conclude with the ancient theory of "Go straight, all evils stop", and express the expectation of the new Qingming atmosphere. The above writing follows the idea of "what-why-how" and goes deep step by step. 3. Central Idea Professor Chen Miaoyun mentioned in his lecture that "writing around the central idea", which was written before writing, can also be understood as another form of writing outline. Case 4: By comparing the attitudes of China and Japan towards World War II and the anti-Japanese actions of some Japanese citizens, it is proved that the real commemoration should be rational. Case 5: I express my sincere memory of my dead mother in three ways: getting rid of untidy habits, caring for my sister and growing long braids. Iii. Notes on Outline Writing 1. On the basis of an accurate understanding of the composition requirements, initially establish the theme (central idea) of the article to be written, and then proceed with the outline. That is to say, writing an outline should be combined with examining questions. 2. Determine whether the trend of the main structure is vertical or horizontal according to the number and category of materials mastered. Generally speaking, there are many materials, but it is not easy to have a deeper analysis, so it is better to use horizontal style; The longitudinal outline is suitable for digging the roots with little materials. 3. Accumulate some standardized and flexible sentence patterns for writing an outline in order to meet the needs of the paper (suitable for argumentative writing). For example, a single sentence: "……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… Questions; Rhetorical question; Dualistic sentences, etc. 4. Consider what the outline pays special attention to: the title, the beginning, the topic sentence or leading sentence of each paragraph (layer), and the end. 5. When designing the first enclosed sentence (paragraph leading sentence and topic sentence), pay attention to the relevance of the outline sentence, and list the materials used in the outline level as much as possible (suitable for argumentative writing). 6. The outline should be practical so that you can see the outline of the article at a glance. It is best to reach the point of "just pick up the outline and write an article without going out of shape", so as to play the positive role of the outline. 7. Write an outline to clarify the style. There is no difference between good and bad styles, but everyone has a difference in length. Generally speaking, narrative writing takes a lot of thought, without a lot of training in narrative prose writing and without mastering narrative skills to avoid it as much as possible; Argumentative writing is easy to write an outline, so it is suggested that ordinary high school students master the writing method of argumentative writing skillfully. Once you choose a style, you should honestly follow the rules of style writing and write an outline. Namely: narrative prose emphasizes plot, especially details; Argumentative prose focuses on thematic sentences, central sentences and materials, etc. 8. It is best to suggest more than two expressions and more than three rhetorical skills in the outline. The description and narrative elements in the discussion are often easy to become bright spots; The finishing touch in narrative (talking about lyricism) is often the place to win. 9. Avoid interplanting. It should be reminded that many students are afraid of being scared by the hat of "interplanting", thinking that what we are training is interplanting, which is not correct. What we mean by "interplanting" is the language, structure and thought of those accomplished works, especially the well-known American literature. The so-called "copy mechanically" means that you don't hesitate to use pen and ink to apply the finished articles. It is understandable to be regarded as the object of "strike hard" without any or few ideas of your own. We see that those compositions in the examination room that have been "beaten by the rope" have a little knowledge of the topic at the same time, and even completely digress on the topic. Therefore, there is no need to talk about the "set". A few things need to be clarified: 1) Appropriate quotation is not a set, but "quotation" should be "appropriate" and consistent with your own article ideas. 2) Proper parody of words and sentences can increase the expression effect, but prevent parody from being overused. 3), if you have to imitate, you don't approve of imitating a certain article (especially a famous article) as a whole. "Taking all kinds of things and synthesizing one" is more likely to make those who have a habit of "imitation" be willing to recognize and avoid typing their own articles. Just like Dong Shi, when you can't choose your background but want to win eye-catching reputation, you don't make a "frown" except holding your heart in your hand, but put on a Cecilia Cheung one instead. Fourth, draw up the outline training: 1. Read the following text and write according to the requirements. Charm, a very attractive force. We often feel the existence of "charm" in our life: the charm of art, the charm of knowledge, the charm of personality, the charm of language, the charm of the opposite sex, the charm of the city, the charm of nature, the charm of scenery ... Charm also has its various characteristics: short-lived charm, long-term charm, eternal charm, a certain aspect of charm, internal charm, external charm ... About charm, you must What you write must be within the scope of the topic, and you must not copy it. 2. In life, anyone will encounter melancholy or awakening, humiliation or applause, pain or happiness. How can he master his own rudder? The answer is to learn to bear, bear humiliation, bear heavy pressure, bear torture, and at the same time, bear reputation and success. If you can bear it, you will not lose yourself in difficulties and lose yourself in prosperity. What kind of association does the word "bear" mentioned in this passage make you? Or what kind of feelings? Please write an article on the topic of "bearing". 3. The design of mascots for previous Olympic Games has always touched the hearts of hundreds of millions of people all over the world. On the evening of November 11th, 25, the "Mascots of the 28 Beijing Olympic Games" were finally announced, and fu wa with a strong China style was finally selected. They are: Fuwa Huanhuan in the shape of Olympic flame, Fuwa Jingjing in the shape of panda, Fuwa Beibei in the shape of fish, Fuwa Yingying in the shape of Tibetan antelope and Fuwa Nini in the shape of swallow. When the lovely "fu wa" was welcomed by most people, another voice came out: "Why do most of the five Fuwa eat grass and have soft bodies? Why is no one strong? Don't China people have nothing left but kindness? " This view holds that: "The Olympic mascots in South Korea are tigers, bears in Russia and eagles in the United States, all of which have an upward spirit and tension;" However, when the domineering loong doll was dropped by Swallow PK, all the five mascots symbolized soft characters. Although the Olympic mascots are small, they are inevitably related to the temperament of a country. Therefore, we can't help asking: Can' fu wa' represent the temperament of China? What is the temperament of China? " What do you think is the temperament of China? Please write an article on the topic of "China's Temperament". 4. Miraculous coach Milu led the China men's football team into the World Cup, fulfilling the 44-year football dream of Chinese people. When people explore Milu's strategy of governing the team and football thought, they all notice his famous saying: attitude determines everything. In fact, if we think about it carefully, why not just football? No matter how big or small things are, the key to really doing it well depends on attitude. Please write a composition on the topic "Attitude is everything". You can talk about your own knowledge, opinions, experiences and feelings, and even write fables and stories. Self-determined, self-selected style, self-drawn topic, not less than 8 words. 5. "Share the sunshine, share the wind and rain", which is the guiding language for CCTV to broadcast weather forecast programs. Every time I hear a sentence, I have to look at the weather forecast in a conditioned way, and I can also generate rich associations and feelings from it. Please write an article on the topic of "sharing and sharing". [Requirements] ① Self-determination; 2 the topic is self-made; ③ Apart from poetry, the style is optional; (4) not less than 8 words.