Shanghai classical Chinese click answer
1. Shanghai 2014 Chinese High School Entrance Examination Classical Chinese Click
Original text was born in sorrow and died in happiness (1) Mencius said: "Shun was born among acres of land (2), Fu Shuao was lifted between the banzhu (3), Jiao Ge was lifted among the fish and salt (4), Guan Yiwu was lifted up among the scholars (5), Sun Shuao was lifted up in the sea (6), Baili Xi was lifted up in the city (7). /p>
Therefore, when Heaven is about to assign a great responsibility (8) to this (9) person (10), he must first strain his mind (11), work his muscles and bones (12), starve his body and skin (13), and be exhausted. (14) His actions mess with his actions (15), so (16) his mind and forbearance have been beneficial to what he cannot do (18). People can change after they have passed (19).
Trapped in the heart (20), weighed by considerations (21), and then made (22); manifested by color (23), issued by sound (24), and then metaphorically (25). , then you will be invincible to foreign patients (27), and the country will perish.
Then you will know that you are born in sorrow and die in peace and happiness (28). "Note (1) is selected from "Mencius Gaozi Xia" ( "Commentaries on the Thirteen Classics", Zhonghua Book Company, 1980 edition).
The title was added by the editor. Mencius (372 BC - 289 BC), whose name was Ke and whose courtesy name was Ziyu (to be tested, it is said that the courtesy name is Ziche or Ziju).
A native of Zou during the Warring States Period, a descendant of Lu Guoqing's father. A famous thinker, politician, educator in ancient China, and a representative figure of Confucianism during the Warring States Period.
Author of "Mencius". Mencius inherited and carried forward Confucius' thoughts and became a generation of Confucian masters second only to Confucius. He was known as the "Senior Sage" and was collectively called "Confucius and Mencius" with Confucius.
(2) Shun (shùn) was born in quǎn (mu): Shun originally farmed in Mount Li, and was appointed by Yao when he was 30 years old. Later he became Yao's successor. Shun, the legendary ancient emperor.
To start, to start, means to be appointed. Mu, field, field.
(3) Fu Shuo (yuè) was raised between the buildings: Fu Shuo was originally building walls for people in Fu Yan. Because he had Fu as his surname, King Wu Ding of Yin used him as his prime minister. Lift, appoint, select, here it means to be selected.
When building a wall, put soil between two plywood and pound the soil with a pestle. A pestle used for building and pounding soil.
(4) Jiao Ke (gé) was raised in fish and salt: Jiao Ke initially sold fish and salt, and Xibo (King Wen of Zhou) recommended him to Zhou. Later he assisted King Wu of Zhou.
(5) Guan Yiwu was promoted to a scholar: Guan Zhong, courtesy name Yiwu, was originally a minister of Prince Jiu of Qi State. Prince Xiaobai (Dong Huan of Qi) competed with Prince Jiu for the throne. Jiu failed, and Guan Zhong acted as The criminal was escorted back to his country. Duke Huan of Qi knew that he was talented and made him his prime minister. Sergeant, prison officer.
Liu Yushi, released from the hands of prison officials and appointed. (6) Sun Shuao was raised in the sea: Sun Shuao was a native of the Chu state during the Spring and Autumn Period and lived in seclusion on the seaside. King Zhuang of Chu knew that he had talent and made him his commander.
(7) Baili Xi Ju in the city: Baili Xi, a senior official of the Yu State during the Spring and Autumn Period. After the death of Yu, he was captured, passed from Jin to Qin, and then fled to Chu.
Later Qin Mugong redeemed him with five sheepskins and made him a doctor. So it is said that it is held in the market (bazaar).
(8) Ren: responsibility, mission. (9) Yes: like this.
(10) Also: modal particle, used at the end of the first half of the sentence to express pause, and will be explained in the second half of the sentence. (11) Pain his mind: make his thoughts painful.
Mind, thought. (12) Work his muscles and bones: make his muscles and bones (body) tired.
(13) Hungry his skin: It means to make him suffer from hunger. (14) Empty: lack of resources.
Here is the verb, causing him to suffer from poverty. (15) Xingfu messes up his actions: making things difficult for him.
Action refers to every action, every thing done. To brush, to violate.
Chaos, disturbance. What it does refers to what it does.
(16) So: use these to... (17) Tempt his heart and forbearance: stir his heart and strengthen his character. Move, startle, shock.
Tolerance, perseverance. (18) Zeng benefited what he could not do: increased the ability that he did not have.
Zeng means "increase", increase. What is impossible refers to the ability that was not originally possessed.
Zeng Yi: Increase. (19) Constant: often make mistakes.
Constant, constant. Fault, fault, mistake, here is the meaning of fault.
(20) Trapped in the heart: Trouble in the heart. Trapped, stumped.
Yu, being. (21) Heng Yu considered: blocked by thinking.
Heng means "horizontal", which means obstruction. (22) Then do: Then you can rise up.
To: Rise up, to make a difference. (23) Symptoms in color: expressed in complexion.
It means haggard and withered, which is reflected in the face. Zheng, levy, here has the meaning of performance, performance.
Color, complexion. (24) Produced by sound: It means that the breath of chanting and sighing comes from the sound.
(25) Later metaphor: (See his face, hear his voice) Then people understand him. Metaphor, understand, understand.
(26) When one enters the country, there is no one who can help the king. Enter: inside, this refers to being in the country.
Legalists, ministers who abide by the law. Fu (bì), through "弼", to assist.
(27) Invincible foreign patients: If there are no rival countries abroad, there will be worries from foreign countries. Out: outside, meaning abroad.
An enemy country, a country with equal power and status. (28) Then you will know that you are born from sorrow and die from peace and happiness: then you will know that you survive because of sorrow and perish because you are addicted to peace and happiness.
Born from worry: Worry makes people seek survival. Die in comfort: Comfort and enjoyment kill people.
Shun was raised from the fields, Fu Yue was raised from the masons who built the wall, Jiao Ke was raised from the fish and salt sellers, and Guan Zhong was raised from the hands of the prison officer. , Sun Shuao entered the imperial court from seclusion by the seaside, and Baili Xi ascended to the throne from the market. Therefore, when God is about to assign a major mission to such a person, it must first make his heart suffer, make his muscles and bones tired, make him suffer from hunger (suffering), make him lack of resources, and make him have difficulties in doing things. ) to shock his heart, strengthen his character, and increase his abilities that he does not have.
A person often makes mistakes so that he can correct them later; he is worried and blocked in his heart before he can make a difference; (a person's thoughts can only be revealed on his face and expressed in chants and sighs) , and then it can be understood by people. A country will often perish if it does not have the wise men to uphold its laws and assist its king in the country; if it does not have a strong opponent in the country and suffers from external disasters;
After this, people will understand that sorrow and suffering make people survive and develop, while ease and enjoyment make people wither and die. Chinese version (suitable for students) Shun was raised by Yao from the fields, Fu Yüeh was raised from a career in building walls, Jiao Ke was raised from amidst the fish and salt sellers, Guan Yiwu was raised from a position in the hands of the prison officer, Sun Shuao is living in seclusion. 2. 2015 edition of "Ode to the Sharp Rat" in classical Chinese
"Ode to the Sharp Rat" Su Zi was sitting at night, and there were rats gnawing at him.
Lift the ⑶ bed and stop ⑷. Once it stops, it will start again. Make the boy candle it, and there will be a hollow.
The sound is in the coffin. He said: "Hey! This rat's sight is closed ⑺ and cannot go away."
He looked at it and found nothing. He held up the candle and pulled it ⑼, and there was a dead rat in it. The boy was startled and said, "He is bitten and died suddenly? What are you saying? Is he a ghost?" He fell over and fell to the ground and walked away. Even if he is sensitive, he should not be caught.
Su Zi sighed and said: "What's strange, this is the cunningness of rats! When it is closed in the lug, the lug is strong and cannot penetrate the holes. Therefore, instead of gnawing, it gnaws, and the sound of it kills people; if it does not die, it dies.
I heard that there is a living being, but I am not smart enough to disturb the dragon and kill the dragon, climb the turtle and hunt the lin, and serve as the master of all things. ⒃In this insect's plan, the rabbit is frightened away from the virgin ⒄, and the crow ⒅ is in it? "Sit down and pretend to sleep, thinking about it privately."
If there is someone who tells me, "You know it because you have learned a lot, but you look at the road and don't see it. It is not one for you but two for things, so it is changed by the bite of a mouse." . A man can smash a jade of a thousand pieces of gold without losing his voice in a broken cauldron, and he can defeat a fierce tiger without losing his color against a bee.
This is what you have forgotten! Yu Chu smiled and looked up to feel it. Let the boy write down the remaining works.
Translation Suzi was sitting at night, and a mouse was biting (something). Suzi slapped the bed board, and the sound stopped, then stopped and sounded again.
(Su Zi) ordered the boy to take a candle and shine it under the bed. There was an empty bag, and the sound of mice chewing things came from inside. The boy said, "Ah, this mouse can't leave after being locked up."
(The boy) opened the bag and looked inside, but there was no sound inside. (The boy) raised the candle to search and found a dead mouse in the bag. The boy was surprised and said: "The mouse was screaming just now. How could it suddenly die? What was the sound just now? Could it be a ghost?" ( The boy) turned the bag over and poured out the mouse. The mouse ran away as soon as it hit the ground, catching even the most agile person by surprise.
Su Zi sighed and said: "It's really strange. This is the cunning of mice! (The mouse) was locked in the bag. The bag was very strong and the mouse could not bite it. So (the mouse) was not When you can bite, you bite the bag, and use the sound of pretending to bite the bag to attract people; when you are not dead, you pretend to be dead, and you can escape by pretending to be dead.
I heard that there is no better creature than a human. Even more intelligent. (People) can tame dragons, assassinate dragons, capture magical turtles, hunt unicorns, command everything in the world and then dominate them, but in the end they are used by a mouse and fall into the mouse's plan. I was surprised at the change of the mouse from extreme stillness to extreme movement. Where is human wisdom? "(I) sat down, closed my eyes and took a nap, thinking about the reason for this in my heart.
It seems like someone said to me, "You just learn more and remember a little bit of knowledge, but you are still far away from the 'Tao'."
You are not concentrating on your own, and you are disturbed and influenced by external things, so the sound of a mouse can attract you to be dominated by it and help it change its predicament.
A person can remain calm when breaking a jasper worth thousands of gold, but scream when breaking a pot; a person can fight a tiger, but it can be seen that his color changes when he sees a bee and a scorpion. This is not specific. result. This is what you said before, have you forgotten? "I leaned over and smiled, then raised my body and woke up again.
(I) So I ordered the boy to take a pen and write down my article. 3. Spring Beyond the Wall, Shanghai Modern Literature Reading Classical Chinese Poetry Click to read the answer
Spring Beyond the Great Wall Read the answer Spring Beyond the Great Wall ① Speaking of the outside of the Great Wall, ancient poets often imagined eternal desolation
"The spring breeze does not reach Yumen Pass", "The spring breeze reaches the end of the world" and "Three springs bring peach and apricot flowers." It seems that outside the Great Wall, it is always cold in winter, and there is nothing except flying sand and snow. In fact, there is a moving spring outside the Great Wall, which is also beautiful and warm. It makes people feel hot and soft, and what they see and hear is full of the joy of life.
②The first ones to report the news of spring are the "la-la" white crows and the "quacking" long-necked geese. They are back, which means that the earth is really about to "rejuvenate".
When it comes to the "waking of insects", the dormant insects are not alarmed, but the sleeping insects can be seen on the beach, and the new ones are flying and chirping on the trees. The dove is paired with the old lark and sand grouse... The sound and color of the sky and the earth have changed. Simple and complex, simple and gorgeous.
③ "The Spring Equinox River Dies", The cold and silent Yellow River, which had been sleeping for four months, suddenly collapsed and cracked, and then started to flow. The large pieces were like mountains, and the small pieces were like beds. There were long strips and squares. You bumped into me, and I squeezed you. Ice dams were built to block the spring water. The large and small canals were full of yellow water, with golden carps jumping around. When everyone tasted the delicious fish in the open river, the roaring Yellow River was finished and smooth. Like a mirror, rafts and flat-bottomed boats are waiting to go down the river.
④It is clear that the sky is clear, but when I walk across the wilderness, I can't see any green apple buds. The spring rain is as precious as oil. If it's North China, outside the Great Wall, it will rain heavily during the Qingming Festival, which is a rare occurrence.
On cloudy days, you might not be able to see the apricot blossoms until the Grain Rain Festival. The weather is too dry. The thin petals and small flowers look like haggard and sickly flowers.
From Grain Rain to the Beginning of Summer, the world is about to change dramatically. Lilacs, elegant pearls, malan apples, crabapples and peaches are all available, and grape vines are everywhere.
If you stand on the top of Guisui City and look at it, the trees are really misty. Every house is beautiful, the flowers are in full bloom, and the frivolous catkins, exquisite flowers, and elm coins are floating freely in piles with the wind.
Stepping on them, there are some. It is soft and rustling, which can be regarded as a very spring scenery, filling the world. ⑤ If you want to see the pictures of spring outside the Great Wall, then it is certainly interesting to see the geese falling on the sand at dusk and the milk doves fighting for their nests in the morning.
But the most interesting thing is to watch the pasture in the sunny grassland. The best time is when the sun has just set. Hundreds of cattle, alpacas and horses are all eating happily and are fat. Each land has its own beauty, each has its own spirit.
Look, some are basking in the sun side by side, some are lying down and chatting, some are walking in pairs, and some are having sex in pairs. Some are chasing, some are running, some are hugging, and some are jumping; there are triangular funny dramas, there are four-cornered jokes, there are brave Zhengsheng, and there are funny clowns. The victorious ones sing at the top of their lungs, the defeated ones run away with their tails between their legs.
I can’t draw or write all kinds of things. In the love square here, there are no issues of money, status, or family status. Success or failure is determined by the innate coat color, current health, ordinary popularity, and momentary wit. Generally speaking, it is like "the sky and the earth are all spring, and all beasts are here." Let’s dance”.
⑥I have seen the spring scenery of the quiet swallows in the forest, and I have seen the grass growing and the orioles flying in the south of the Yangtze River. None of these can make me forget the spring rise at the mouth of the canal outside the Great Wall, and the willow smoke around the country. I have participated in the "Hand-Planted Three Thousand Willow Trees" in Shaanba, and I have touched the "Spring Breeze Thousands of Elm Dollars Scattered" in Guisui.
In the past six or seven years, we have traveled farther and farther, farther and farther south. Where is heaven and where is the world? Where is the Central Plains and where is the Nine Borders? I am afraid of hearing the squawking sound of wild geese, because they are still flying across the sea and sky, going and returning again and again. I would like to send a message through the spring breeze. I would like to ask the sea to spread the word. I have seen enough flowers and listened to soft words like cotton. It is best to be with youth, and the fastest is to be first in spring. I hope to set foot on the grassland again. I hope to fly to the Yinshan Mountains. , look at the blue sky and white sun, thousands of families are happy, and their bones are buried at the bend of the Yellow River, in front of Daqing Mountain.
1. Paragraphs 2-5 of this article depict four pictures of spring outside the Great Wall, which are: Birds announcing spring, the Yellow River freezing, flowers blooming in spring, and beasts enjoying spring. These four pictures are arranged according to time. described in order. 2. Taste and appreciate the following sentences.
(5 points) (1) The frivolous catkins, refined flowers, and indiscriminate elm coins float around with the wind and pile up freely. From the perspective of the use of words (talk about the expressive effect of adding some words): "frivolous" describes the light and elegant situation of catkins; "indiscriminately made" highlights the large number of elm coins.
(2) Some are basking in the sun side by side, some are lying down and chatting, some are walking in pairs, and some are comparing horns in pairs. From the perspective of rhetorical use: Use the rhetorical techniques of personification and parallelism to describe the activities of animals in a colorful and interesting way.
3. In paragraph 6, "I am afraid of hearing the rattling of wild geese, because it is still a vast sea and sky, and it goes and comes back again." Combined with the full text, explain why "I" is afraid of hearing the rattling of wild geese.
Because "I" hear the quacking sound of the wild geese, and think of "I" who are far away from home, leaving and never returning. 4. Carefully read the underlined part of the last paragraph of the article, and talk about the author's thoughts and feelings expressed in this sentence based on the full text.
It expresses the author's thoughts and feelings of missing his hometown, loving his hometown, and hoping to return to his hometown as soon as possible. 4. 2013 Shanghai Senior High School Entrance Examination Classical Chinese Click to add the answer to the article "The Foolish Old Man Moves the Mountain"
1. "The Foolish Old Man" got people's support when he moved the mountain. When the plan was initially made, it was "mixed with approval"; when it was studied in depth, "the Foolish Old Man moved the mountain" His wife expressed doubts"; during the process of moving the mountain, "the neighbor's widow, the Jingcheng family, had a widower, so she jumped to help her."
2. The basis for "Foolish Old Man"'s belief in the success of moving the mountain. It is "the descendants of descendants have endless deprivations, but the mountains will not increase." 3. The third paragraph can be regarded as the refutation part of the article.
In order to prove his point of view, "Zhi Sou" cited the argument in the article that "with the remaining strength of the remaining years, one cannot destroy a single hair on the mountain, which is like earth and stone."; "Foolish Old Man" is used in the article The most powerful sentence to refute Zhisou is "descendants and grandchildren have infinite deprivation, but if the mountain does not increase, why bother to be level"; his way of refuting is to refute the evidence; the result is "the river bends and Zhisou responds". 4. The word "laugh" in "The wise old man in the bend of the river said he stopped laughing" shows that the wise old man is unwise or smart; the "long breath" in "The foolish old man of Beishan said he took a long breath" shows that the "foolish old man" is not stupid or is confident. ; "Laughing" and "breathing" belong to the description of the character's expression.
5. There is no contradiction in the meaning of "a mixed promise" and "his wife raises doubts". "A mixed promise" shows that Yu Gong's proposal to move the mountains is supported by everyone; "His wife expressed doubts" is out of concern for Yu Gong, not against Yu Gong's move of mountains.
6. The spirit of Foolish Old Man who moved mountains: not afraid of difficulties, perseverance, clear goals and firm will. 7. Writing method: contrast, foil.
8. Difficulties encountered by Yu Gong: 1. The mountains are big and high 2. The labor force is small and weak 3. The tools are crude 4. The journey is long. Because I didn’t know the questions, I typed them down as compiled by the teacher. Hope it helps. 5. 2013 Shanghai Senior High School Entrance Examination Classical Chinese Click to add the answer to the article "The Foolish Old Man Moves the Mountain"
1. "The Foolish Old Man" got people's support when he moved the mountain. When the plan was initially made, it was "mixed with approval"; when it was studied in depth, "the Foolish Old Man moved the mountain" His wife expressed doubts"; during the process of moving the mountain, "the neighbor's widow, the Jingcheng family, had a widower, so she jumped to help her."
2. The basis for "Foolish Old Man"'s belief in the success of moving the mountain. It is "the descendants of descendants have endless deprivations, but the mountains will not increase."
3. The third paragraph can be regarded as the refutation part of the article. In order to prove his point of view, "Zhi Sou" cited the argument in the article that "with the remaining strength of the remaining years, one cannot destroy a hair on the mountain, which is like earth and stone."; "Yugong" used it in the article to refute Zhi Sou's most powerful argument. One sentence is "children and grandchildren have endless deprivation, but if the mountains are not increased, why bother and not be leveled"; his way of refuting is to refute the evidence; the result is "the wise old man died in the bend of the river".
4. The word "laugh" in "The wise old man in the bend of the river said he stopped laughing" shows that the wise old man was unwise or thought he was smart
; "The wise old man in Beishan said he took a long breath". "Long breath" shows that the "Foolish Old Man" is not stupid or confident; "laughing" and "long breath" belong to the description of the character's expression.
5. There is no contradiction in the meaning of "a mixed promise" and "his wife raises doubts". "A mixed promise" shows that Yu Gong's proposal to move the mountains is supported by everyone; "His wife expressed doubts" is out of concern for Yu Gong, not against Yu Gong's move of mountains.
6. The spirit of Foolish Old Man who moved mountains: not afraid of difficulties, perseverance, clear goals and firm will.
7. Writing method: contrast, foil.
8. Difficulties encountered by Yu Gong: 1. The mountains are big and high 2. The labor force is small and weak 3. The tools are crude 4. The journey is long
Because I didn’t know the topic, I just asked The teacher has sorted it out and typed it up, I hope it will be helpful to you.