What are the specialties of Urumqi?

Hop, also known as snake twist, is an important raw material for brewing beer and a perennial herb vine. The whole plant has barbs, the stem length is about 10 cm, and it is hollow. Leaves opposite, ovate, long handle. The inflorescence is axillary, with spikes of male flowers, many leaflike bracts, many pairs of orpiment 10, no perianth, and a large amount of yellow powder is produced in the fruit. The beer wine has good transparency, luster, fine and white foam, floral fragrance, pure and soft taste and rich carbon dioxide content. Hops also have great medicinal value, and have diuretic and stomachic effects. In recent years, its pine cone preparation has been found to have anticancer activity; Volatile oil has a good effect on treating heart disease; Polyphenol-rich compounds have a certain effect on the treatment of various inflammations and liver infectious injury caused by Watkins disease. Further study found that the bitter substances in hops, such as volatile oil, pectin, tannin, flavonoids and other compounds themselves have obvious pharmacological activities. In addition, it can also be used as raw materials for making bread, snacks and other foods. Products are not only supplied locally, but also sold in local breweries such as Beijing and Qingdao.

Second, jade

Xinjiang, known as the "hometown of precious stones", is a famous jade producing area in China. Hetian jade (suet jade) produced is the national jade of China. Xinjiang jade is solid and meticulous in texture, crystal clear in appearance and warm and vigorous in nature. It is known as the two famous jade in the world together with the jade in Myanmar. Among them, Hetian jade in Xinjiang is the most famous, which is divided into five kinds according to color: white jade, sapphire, topaz, ruby and jet. White, yellow and ruby colors are preferred; Especially white jade, moist and full, pure in quality, muddy and white in color, moist as fat. Known as suet jade, it is the best of Hetian jade. This kind of jade has extremely high economic value. First of all, it is very large, and each piece can reach hundreds of kilograms. In the Treasure Hall of the Forbidden City in Beijing, Dayu's masterpiece of controlling water and jade mountain was carved from a piece of jade weighing 10700 kg, which has been preserved as a national treasure. 1980, a jade block of 1 180 kg was collected on a mountain 4400 meters high in Hotan, which is the largest jade found in the world. Secondly, it is of high quality, crystal clear and beautiful, and can be carved into various jade articles. As early as the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Hetian jade was exported to the mainland, especially the white jade in Hetian jade, which was the top grade of Hetian jade. White jade is delicate, pure and white, and its color is like sheep fat. Therefore, it is also called suet jade, and the jade carving carved with suet jade is a treasure for export. In addition, there are many varieties such as sapphire, jasper, Kunlun jade, amethyst, white crystal, agate and hibiscus stone. Many kinds of jade carving crafts, including figures, birds and animals, fish and insects, flowers, and many decorative accessories and decorations, are very popular with domestic and foreign tourists, and all kinds of high-grade jade carving crafts are in short supply.

Third, flower hat.

Wearing a flower hat has been a traditional habit of ethnic minorities in Xinjiang for hundreds of years. There are many styles of flower hats in Xinjiang, which are suitable for Uygur, Kazak, Kirgiz and Hui nationalities. They all use traditional methods such as embroidery, flower picking, gold tripping, silver tripping and beading to embroider various patterns by hand. All kinds of flower caps have the characteristics of bright texture, luster and bright colors, which makes people fondle it. Uyghur embroidery hat: it is a kind of small flower hat with four sides, which can be folded according to the seam and is easy to carry and store. Generally, ethnic patterns are embroidered with black and white or colored silk thread, which can be divided into silk Ping Xiu, silk knot embroidery, bead embroidery, plaid embroidery, board embroidery, cross embroidery and velvet embroidery according to the production methods and technological characteristics. Most of the patterns are based on natural images such as flowers and fruits in Xinjiang, which have been refined by art. There are individual patterns (Fu Man flower hat), scattered flowers on the ground (singular man flower hat) and almond patterns (almond flower hat). The flower caps in the north and south of Tianshan Mountain have obvious local characteristics.

Fourth, jade carving

Urumqi specialty jade carving, Xinjiang jade carving factory is the first professional jade carving factory in Xinjiang. The world-famous Hetian jade, Manas greenstone and Hami topaz are mainly used to make vases, Ulu, flowers, figures and other antique utensils and various jewelry. Products are exported to Europe, America, Japan, Southeast Asia, Hong Kong and Macao.

Five, cantaloupe

Hami melon is the general name of thick-skinned melon produced in Xinjiang, which was called cantaloupe and jade melon in ancient times. Hami melon is big and thick, with sweet juice and good quality. There are many varieties of 100, and the shapes are oval, oval, braided hammer, long strip and so on. There are two kinds of peels with different sizes: reticular and smooth; The color is green, yellow and white, the flesh is white, green and orange, the meat is crisp, crisp and soft, and it tastes mellow, fragrant and fruity. At present, the planting range starts from Hami Basin in the east, reaches Yili and Kashi in the west, reaches Tacheng and Altay in the north, and reaches Qiemo, Minfeng and Hotan in the south. Its main producing areas are: Turpan-Hami Basin, Junggar Basin, Tarim Basin, Ili Valley, Kashgar and Yengisar. Shanshan Donghu melon and Kashi Yingjisha melon are the best. Hami melons sell well in more than 20 provinces and cities across the country and are exported to Hong Kong and Macao.

Six, carpet

Xinjiang is the birthplace of carpets in the world. Carpets in Xinjiang are famous for their long history and superb skills. They are traditional ethnic handicrafts in Xinjiang and one of the main export commodities. Hotan is the hometown of carpets in Xinjiang, also known as oriental carpets. No matter the style, pattern and color, they are full of national characteristics and local styles. It is famous for its excellent raw materials, fine texture, dense fluff, thin and flat carpet surface, exquisite craftsmanship, unique patterns, excellent weavers, beautiful color matching, durability and complex patterns. Xinjiang carpets are hung on the walls of halls or spread in indoor corridors. The carpet surface is smooth, the carpet board is quite solid and soft, beautiful and generous, and the colors are bright and bright. It is an ideal advanced product for home and hotel furnishings.

Seven, snow lotus

Saussurea involucrata is a famous specialty in Xinjiang. Snow Lotus is also known as Snow Lotus. It mainly grows on the north and south slopes of Tianshan Mountain. On the high drought moraine cliff near the snow line of Altai Mountain and Kunlun Mountain. There are many kinds of Saussurea involucrata, such as Saussurea medusa, Saussurea pubescens, Saussurea involucrata, Saussurea Tibet and so on. Snow lotus has been used in medicine for hundreds of years. Most Han people regard it as a treasure to treat rheumatoid arthritis; Uighurs. Kazakhs use it as a gynecological medicine.

Eight, Yengisar Knife

Yengisar Knife is a traditional handicraft of Uygur nationality, with unique shape and exquisite production. It can be used as a knife and has artistic appreciation value. This is a unique tourist souvenir of the Silk Road. Ingisha knives are mostly machetes, with wooden, horny, copper and silver handles, which are very particular. Named after its origin in Yengisar County, it has a history of about 400 years. Excellent materials, exquisite workmanship, beautiful shape, exquisite decorative patterns and rich national style. Knives mainly include phoenix tail style, lark style, oriole style and magpie style that Uighurs like, red-billed mountain crow style that Kazakhs like, Longquan sword style that Han people like, and animal horn style that Mongolians like.

Nine, medlar

Xinjiang Lycium barbarum also has two kinds of wild and artificial cultivation. Wild Lycium barbarum has small grains, less meat and large color difference. At present, all its products are artificially cultivated. Both southern and northern Xinjiang are cultivated, and Bortala Autonomous Prefecture has the largest output and better quality.

Fritillaria

Fritillaria Sinkiangensis is a precious Chinese herbal medicine with the same name as Fritillaria Chuan and Fritillaria Zhe. Among them: Fritillaria Ili, Fritillaria Fergana, Fritillaria beach and other varieties, collectively known as Fritillaria Xinjiang. Except for seashells, the other three species of Fritillaria are mostly found in mountain grasslands and bushes. Iberia is mainly produced in Yining and Huocheng. Fritillaria is distributed in many places in Xinjiang. Fritillaria verticillata is mainly produced in Tacheng area; Fritillaria cirrhosa is produced in Huocheng and Chabuchar. As early as the Qing Dynasty, Fritillaria Xinjiang had been developed and utilized. At that time, Changji and Qitai counties in northern Xinjiang were distribution centers, which were transported by camel and horse through the northern line of the ancient Silk Road and exported to Tianjin and other ports, commonly known as "Gubei". Because the quantity is small, it is expensive.