Introduction to the Four Famous Buildings in Ancient China What are the Four Famous Buildings in China?

The Four Famous Towers in Jiangnan refer to the four historical and cultural buildings south of the Yangtze River in China, namely: Yellow Crane Tower in Wuhan, Hubei Province, Tengwang Pavilion in Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, Yueyang Tower in Yueyang, Hunan Province, and Dexing Tower in Jiangxi Province. Juyuan Tower, in addition to the four famous towers in the south of the Yangtze River, also have many explanations. Let’s introduce them together below.

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Different views on the four famous towers in Jiangnan in history:

The first view: Wuhan Yellow Crane Tower, Nanchang Tengwang Pavilion , Hunan Yueyang Tower, Dexing Juyuan Tower;

The second theory: Wuhan Yellow Crane Tower, Nanchang Tengwang Pavilion, Hunan Yueyang Tower, Nanjing Yuejiang Tower;

The third theory: Wuhan Yellow Crane Tower, Nanchang Tengwang Pavilion, Hunan Yueyang Tower, Hongjiang Furong Tower;

The fourth theory: Wuhan Yellow Crane Tower, Nanchang Tengwang Pavilion, Hunan Yueyang Tower, Xuancheng Xiezhen Tower;

The fifth theory: Wuhan Yellow Crane Tower, Nanchang Tengwang Pavilion, Hunan Yueyang Tower, Rongxian Zhenwu Pavilion;

The sixth theory: Wuhan Yellow Crane Tower, Nanchang Tengwang Pavilion, Hunan Yueyang Tower, Yangzhou Grand View Tower;< /p>

The seventh theory: Wuhan Yellow Crane Tower, Nanchang Tengwang Pavilion, Hunan Yueyang Tower, Jiujiang Xunyang Tower;

The eighth theory: Wuhan Yellow Crane Tower, Nanchang Tengwang Pavilion, Hunan Yueyang Tower, Zhenjiang Furong Tower.

The ninth theory: Wuhan Yellow Crane Tower, Nanchang Tengwang Pavilion, Hunan Yueyang Tower, Ma'anshan Taibai Tower

The Yellow Crane Tower has five floors per square foot. It is 50.4 meters high, equivalent to a 16-story building, with spires and eaves, making it look like one in all directions. There are also Shengxiang Pagoda, stele gallery, mountain gate and other buildings around the main building. The entire building has a unique national style. Inside the Yellow Crane Tower, the styles vary from layer to layer. The ground floor is a tall and spacious hall with a caisson in the middle that is more than 10 meters high. On the front wall is a huge ceramic mural of "White Clouds and Yellow Cranes", and 7-meter-long couplets are hung on the columns on both sides: The cool air comes from the west, the clouds and mist sweep away. The heaven and earth shake; the great river flows eastward, and its waves wash away the sorrows of the past and present. On the front wall of the hall on the second floor, there is a marble copy of "The Story of the Yellow Crane Tower" written by Yan Boli in the Tang Dynasty. It describes the rise and fall of the Yellow Crane Tower and anecdotes of famous people. There are two murals on both sides of the story, one of which is " "Sun Quan Builds the City" vividly illustrates the history of the Yellow Crane Tower and Wuchang City being born one after another; the other is "Zhou Yu holds a banquet", which reflects the activities of celebrities from the Three Kingdoms going to the Yellow Crane Tower. The murals in the hall on the third floor are "embroidered portraits" of celebrities from the Tang and Song Dynasties, such as Cui Hao, Li Bai, Bai Juyi, Lu You, etc. They also excerpted their famous lines about the Yellow Crane Tower. The lobby on the fourth floor is divided into several small halls with screens, with calligraphy and paintings by contemporary celebrities built in for visitors to appreciate and purchase. The top hall has long scrolls and murals such as "Ten Thousand Miles of the Yangtze River".

Tengwang Pavilion, the first of the "Three Famous Buildings in the South of the Yangtze River", is located on the bank of the Gan River in Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province. It was founded in the fourth year of Yonghui of the Tang Dynasty (653) when Li Yuanying, the son of Emperor Gaozu of the Tang Dynasty Li Yuan, was the governor of Hongzhou. Li Yuanying was born in an imperial family and was influenced by palace life. He was "a master of calligraphy and painting, good at music, and loved butterflies. He chose Fangzhu to travel, rode on a green bird boat, and enjoyed great singing and dancing in the pavilions and pavilions." (Ming Chen Wenzhu's "Rebuilding the Pavilion of Prince Teng" by Chen Wenzhu of the Ming Dynasty) ) According to historical records, in the third year of Yonghui (652), Li Yuanying moved to Suzhou to be the governor. When he was transferred to the governor of Hongzhou, he brought a troupe of singing and dancing musicians from Suzhou and held a feast of singing and dancing in the governor's mansion all day long. Later, this pavilion was built near the river as a separate residence, which was actually a place for singing and dancing. Because Li Yuanying was granted the title of Tengzhou in Shandong Province during the Zhenguan period, he became the King of Teng, and built a pavilion in Tengzhou named "Tengwang Pavilion". Later, Teng Wang Li Yuanying was transferred to Hongzhou in the south of the Yangtze River, and built a pavilion still named "Tengwang Pavilion". The pavilion was later known as Tengwang Pavilion. "When the wind blows, the Pavilion of Tengwang is sent". Tengwang Pavilion has become famous throughout the ages and is famous all over the world because of a parallel essay written by Wang Bo, the leader of the "Four Heroes of the Early Tang Dynasty" - "Farewell Preface to Tengwang Pavilion in Denghong Mansion in Autumn" (referred to as "Preface to Tengwang Pavilion"). Wang Bo's "Preface to Prince Teng's Pavilion" is very popular and has been passed down for thousands of years. The pavilion is named after the text, and the pavilion is passed down by the text. It has endured thousands of years of vicissitudes and has enjoyed an everlasting reputation. After Wang Bo's "Eternal Preface", Wang Xu once wrote "Ode to Prince Teng's Pavilion" for Prince Teng's Pavilion, and Wang Zhongshu wrote "Record of Prince Teng's Pavilion", which is known as "Three Kings' Records of Teng's Pavilion". Han Yu, a later great writer, also wrote "Record of the New Construction of Prince Teng's Pavilion". From this, Wang Bo, Han Yu and others pioneered the "poetry and prose transmission in the pavilion", which made it a habit for subsequent literati to write poems and rhymes in the pavilion. In ancient times, Tengwang Pavilion was regarded as an auspicious Feng Shui building. There is an old saying: "If the vine is broken and the gourd is cut, the tower will be ruined and the chapter will be broken."

"Teng" is a homophony of "Teng", which refers to the Pavilion of Prince Teng; "Gourd" refers to a treasure; "Pagoda" refers to the Golden Tower; "宮" means collapse; "Yuzhang" means Nanchang. The meaning of this ancient ballad is that if Tengwang Pavilion and Shengjin Pagoda collapse, the talents and treasures in Yuzhang City will be lost, and the city will also decline and no longer prosper. In ancient Chinese customs, Feng Shui buildings are needed in populated areas, which are generally the tallest landmark buildings in the area. They gather the aura of heaven and earth and absorb the essence of the sun and the moon. They are commonly known as: "Wenbi Peak". The Tengwang Pavilion is located on the bank of the Gan River. It was praised as a "water brush" by the ancients. Some ancients also said: "To seek wealth and longevity, the Tengwang Pavilion seeks blessings." It can be seen that Tengwang Pavilion occupies a sacred position in the hearts of the world, and has been valued and protected by all dynasties. At the same time, Tengwang Pavilion was also a place where classics and history books were stored in ancient times. In a sense, it was an ancient library. Feudal literati also liked to greet and entertain guests here. After Zhu Yuanzhang, the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty, defeated Chen Youliang in the Battle of Poyang Lake, he held a banquet in the pavilion, ordered ministers and literati to compose poems and lyrics, and watched the lights. . Today's Tengwang Pavilion is a Song-style building. The Tang and Song Dynasties are of the same origin, and the architecture of the Song Dynasty is the inheritance and development of the architecture of the Tang Dynasty. The pavilions of the Song Dynasty were extremely graceful and graceful, and their architectural art reached a very high level.

The Yueyang Tower, which stands at the head of Ximen City in Yueyang City, Hunan Province and on the bank of Dongting Lake, has been known as "the water in the world in Dongting and the tower in the world in Yueyang" since ancient times. It is also known as the Tengwang Pavilion in Nanchang, Jiangxi and the Yellow Crane Tower in Wuhan, Hubei. It is one of the three most famous buildings in Jiangnan.

The Yueyang Tower was a military parade platform built by the Soochow general Lu Su during the Three Kingdoms period (AD 215) to fight against the Shu general Guan Yu who was stationed in Jingzhou. It was called the Parade Tower at the time. According to records, this is the earliest prototype of Yueyang Tower, and it is also the earliest pavilion built among the three famous towers in Jiangnan.

To this day, the Yueyang Tower is based on the "Lu Su Military Parade Tower" in the late Eastern Han Dynasty and has been developed from generation to generation. Before the Tang Dynasty, its function was mainly used in military affairs. Since the Tang Dynasty, Yueyang Tower has gradually become a resort for tourists and romantic figures of all ages to visit, recite poems and compose poems. At this time, Baling City had been changed to Yueyang City, and the Baling City Tower was also called Yueyang Tower. Fan Zhongyan's popular "Yueyang Tower" in the Northern Song Dynasty made Yueyang Tower famous in the world. For thousands of years, countless literati and poets have visited the scenic spots here, leaning on the railings to express their feelings, recording them in articles, chanting them in poems, and describing them in paintings. Many arts and crafts artists also use Yueyang Tower as the theme to depict the Dongting scenery, making Yueyang Tower an art form. A theme that has been repeatedly described in creation and written about for a long time.

Because the Yueyang Tower is a pure wooden structure, its long history and profound cultural heritage led to the Yueyang Tower being renovated in 1984, following the shape when it was built in the sixth year of Guangxu in the Qing Dynasty (1880 AD). Climbing the Yueyang Tower allows you to enjoy the scenery of the 800-mile Dongting Lake.

The Yueyang Tower is the only ancient building that has maintained its original appearance among the three famous towers in Jiangnan. Its architectural art value is unparalleled. In January 1988, it was designated as a national key cultural relic protection unit by the State Council, and in August of the same year, it was listed as a national key scenic spot protection zone. Approved as one of the first batch of national AAAA tourist attractions in January 2001, it is the only scenic spot in Hunan on the Yangtze River Golden Tourism Line. It is an important window for Yueyang City to open to the outside world and the leader of Yueyang's tourism industry. In September 2011, the National Tourist Attractions Quality Rating Committee officially approved the Yueyang Tower-Junshan Island Scenic Area as a national 5A-level tourist attraction.

Nanjing Yuejiang Tower, Wuhan Yellow Crane Tower, Yueyang Yueyang Tower, and Nanchang Tengwang Pavilion are collectively known as the four famous towers in Jiangnan. After Zhu Yuanzhang became emperor, he issued an edict to build the Yuejiang Tower, and personally wrote the "Yuejiang Tower". He also ordered each of the civil servants to write an "Yuejiang Tower". The scholar Song Lian wrote the best article and was later selected. "Guanwen Guanzhi". Yuejiang Tower was completed and opened to the public in 2001, thus ending the 600-year history of "having records but not building".

Wang Changling's song "Farewell to Xin Jian at Furong Tower" made Furong Tower famous all over the world, and Furong Tower became a scenic spot. Today, there are two Furong Towers, one in Zhenjiang, Jiangsu and one in Hongjiang, Hunan. The Furong Tower in Zhenjiang, Jiangsu and the Furong Tower in Hongjiang (Qiancheng), Hunan are both world-famous. Judging from the place of Wu and Chu in the poem "The cold rain and the river flow into Wu at night, and I see off the guests from Chushan alone in the morning." Judging from the place of Wu and Chu, this Furong Tower should be the Furong Tower in Zhenjiang, but at that time Wang Changling was demoted to Longbiao Ancient County, and Li Bai wrote a poem " "I heard that Wang Changling moved to the left and sent this message to Longbiaoyuan" as evidence, and the ancient county of Longbiao was the former Hongjiang (Qiancheng). It can be inferred from this that this building should undoubtedly be the Furong Building in Qiancheng.

Furong Tower is located on the shore of Taying Lake, the first spring in the world in Jinshan. It was originally built on Yuehua Mountain among the three mountains (Rijing Mountain, Yuehua Mountain, and Shouqiu Mountain) in Jiangcheng, the ancient town. It was built by Wang Gong, the governor of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and still existed in the Tang Dynasty. In order to develop scenic spots resources and develop tourism, this historic building site was rebuilt in 1992. The overall building consists of Furong Tower, Bingxin Pavilion, Juyue Pavilion and three stone towers in the lake. They are connected by zigzag outlines, forming a beautiful pattern.

Xie Tao Tower is located on the top of Lingyang Mountain in the center of Xuancheng City. It is a famous cultural building. It is not only a local symbol of Xuancheng, but also a symbol of traditional Chinese poetry and literature. Xiezhen Tower has always been known as the four famous towers in Jiangnan together with Yueyang Tower, Yellow Crane Tower and Tengwang Pavilion. During the Anti-Japanese War (1937), the building was bombed by Japanese planes.

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Xie Tiao Tower was built by the Southern Qi poet Xie Tiao when he was the prefect of Xuancheng. Li Bai visited it many times and wrote a poem "Ascending Xie Tiao North Tower in Xuancheng in Autumn". Li Bai came to Chang'an in 742 (the first year of Tianbao) with lofty political ideals and served in the Hanlin Academy. Two years later, he left the court because of being slandered, and started his wandering life again with great anger. Around the autumn of 753 AD (the twelfth year of Tianbao), Li Bai came to Xuanzhou. Not long after he stayed in Xuanzhou, one of his old friends, Li Yunxing, came here and was about to leave again. Li Bai accompanied him to the Xietiao Tower and held a banquet. He saw him off and wrote the famous "Farewell to Secretary Shu Yun at Xietiao Tower in Xuanzhou".

"Xuanzhou Xie Tiao Tower Farewell School Secretary Shu Yun": Those who abandon me and leave will not be able to stay as of yesterday. Those who disturb my mind will have many worries today. The long winds send autumn geese flying thousands of miles away, and you can enjoy this high-rise building. The Penglai article is built with bones in mind, with small Xie in the middle and clear hair. They are all full of joy, strong and full of joy, and want to go up to the blue sky to see the bright moon. Cut off the water with a knife, the water will flow more, raise a cup to relieve the sorrow, and the sorrow will become more sorrowful. Life is unsatisfactory in this world, and the Ming Dynasty will be ruined.

Juyuan Tower was built in 1069 AD. Su Dongpo, the great writer of the Northern Song Dynasty, visited Juyuan Tower and sang:

Juyuan Tower is full of clouds, mountains, smoke and water, and we are surrounded by wild grass and flowers. Spring to each other.

Thanks to the tall building, it can gather people far away and temporarily clean up the idle people.

The infinite green mountains are scattered, and the clouds are rolled into the curtain hook.

If the vision is regarded as the frontier, how can one be like a prince of ten thousand households in the world?

He became famous all over the world for his "Poetry on Juyuan Tower", which is the same as the Yellow Crane Tower (founded in 223 AD), the Yueyang Tower (founded in 215 AD), and the Tengwang Pavilion (founded in 215 AD). It was also known as the "Four Famous Buildings in the South of the Yangtze River" in 653 AD. It was later destroyed in the war. In December 2003, the Dexing Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Government decided to rebuild the Juyuan Building. The reconstructed Juyuan Building is divided into two parts: the main building and the auxiliary building. The triple eaves antique building covers an area of ​​637.87 square meters and is 39 meters high. It has triple eaves on the outside and 6 floors on the inside. It is composed of a poem: The name of the building in Juyuan, Jiangnan, has become famous all over the world again. The copper capital is connected to Fujian and Zhejiang. De Naixing brings five continents. It has beautiful rivers and bustling cities, green mountains and clear water, and the scenery is wonderful. (Poetry of Yuxia Wuxi Shanren) Juyuan Tower has a history of thousands of years. One of the historical and cultural treasures of Xing, it was built in the second year of Xining of the Song Dynasty (1069). It was built by Yu Shilong, a Dexing native. Jinshi, talented. Yu Shilong respected Shan Xi's talent and asked him to name the building. Shan Xi climbed the tower and had a panoramic view of the city, so he named the building Juyuan Tower. In the seventh year of Yuanfeng (1084), Su Dongpo sent his eldest son Su Mai to De. When he was appointed county captain, he climbed up to the Juyuan Building and wrote the poem "The mist of clouds and mountains makes it difficult for people to be together, and the weeds and flowers have their own springs. Thanks to the tall buildings, we can gather people far away and take care of the idle people for a while." In the Jianyan Year (1127), Emperor Gaozong of the Song Dynasty. Appreciating Su Dongpo's poems, he was given a golden plaque for Juyuan Tower. With the emperor's imperial ink, some celebrities including Huang Tingjian, Ma Tingluan, Zhao Mengfu, etc. came to Dexing to climb the tower and write poems. From this, Juyuan Tower became famous far and wide, and was praised by the world as the "Jiangnan". Famous building. In 2003, the Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government further promoted the history and culture of Dexing and accelerated the development of tourism, and rebuilt the Juyuan Building on a 6-meter-wide cement mountain top on the top of Gulong Mountain, more than 160 meters above sea level in the west of Fenghuang Lake. The highway reaches the center. It is designed according to the architectural style of the Song Dynasty. It has green tiles and red pillars, brackets and double eaves. It is magnificent and 39 meters high. It has three stacks on the outside and three floors on the inside. It covers a total area of ​​639.87 square meters and is surrounded by eight hanging blocks. There is a gilded plaque, and on the vermilion pillars in front of the door hangs a couplet inscribed by Zhao Mengfu, "Si Ling Chen Han Po Immortal Sentence, Yun Han Kui Guang gathers in this building". On the top floor are three vigorous gilded characters inscribed by Emperor Gaozong of Song Dynasty, "Ju Yuan Tower", "Ju Yuan". The building is decorated with four large-scale Dexing style wood carvings.

Standing on the top of the building, you can see the whole city. It is a landmark building in Dexing.

Zhenwu Pavilion is located to the east of Rongcheng, beautiful Rong County, Guangxi. In 1982, it was designated as a national key protection unit by the State Council. Jinglue Terrace was built in the second year of Qianyuan of Tang Dynasty (759 AD). In the early years of the Ming Dynasty, the Zhenwu Pavilion was built on the Jinglue Terrace. In the Wanli Year of the Ming Dynasty (1573 AD), the Zhenwu Pavilion was built into a three-story pavilion, which is now the Zhenwu Pavilion. The entire pavilion is a lever pure wood structure, with a height of 13.2 meters, a width of 13.8 meters, and a depth of 11.2 meters. It uses 3,000 lattice wood components, which are connected in series based on the lever principle, supporting each other, restricting each other, and reasonably coordinated to form a beautiful and stable unity. overall. Although the four large inner columns on the second floor bear the heavy load of the upper floor slabs, beams, supporting columns, pavilion tiles, and ridge decorations, the column feet are suspended in the air and do not fall to the ground. They are the most exquisite and peculiar part of the entire pavilion structure. For more than 400 years, Zhenwu Pavilion has experienced 5 earthquakes, 3 typhoons and other natural disasters, but it is still safe and standing today!! Zhenwu Pavilion in Rong County, together with Yellow Crane Tower, Yueyang Tower and Tengwang Pavilion, is known as the "Four Famous Towers in Jiangnan". It is the only one among the four famous buildings (pavilions) that has not been rebuilt and has been completely preserved to this day!

Xunyang Tower is located on the bank of the Yangtze River outside Jiuhua Gate in Jiujiang City. Legend has it that Song Jiang wrote an anti-poem here while drunk, and it has been famous throughout the ages. The name of Xunyang Tower was first seen in the line "I stopped guarding Yongyang, and then I went to sleep in Xunyang Tower" in a poem by Wei Yingwu, the governor of Jiangzhou in the Tang Dynasty. Later, Bai Juyi, Sima of Jiangzhou, described the scenery around it in his poem "Inscribed on Xunyang Tower". However, what really made Xunyang Tower famous all over the world was the wonderful description in Shi Naian's "Water Margin".

In the spring of 1989, Jiujiang City rebuilt the Xunyang Tower on the banks of the Xunyang River. Zhao Puchu inscribed a plaque for Xunyang Tower. The rebuilt Xunyang Building covers an area of ​​1,600 square meters, with a height of 20 meters. It has three floors outside and four floors inside, with green tiles, cornices and corridors on all sides. It is simple and solemn. Making full use of natural conditions such as riverside and river surface, it presents a majestic and elegant style that complements each other in Lushan Mountain and the Yangtze River. The overall building is more perfect, and the 108 heroes of Liangshan on the murals inside the building are more lifelike. There are two large-scale porcelain paintings inlaid on the east and west walls of the hall on the first floor, which are painted with "Song Gongming was sent to Jiangzhou City", "Song Jiang wrote an anti-poem in Xunyang Tower", "Huang Wenbing designed to harm Song Jiang", and "Liangshanbo friends robbed the execution ground" The lifelike pictures add a legendary color to Xunyang Tower. The second floor is the exhibition hall, which displays books introducing the history of Xunyang Tower and pictures of local scenic spots. The third floor is the cloister, which mainly displays calligraphy and paintings. The fourth floor is a private dining room, filled with antique tables and chairs, and an antique music teahouse. Xunyang Tower is a scenic spot integrating famous buildings, famous books and famous wines. Visitors can drink tea here, climb high and look into the distance, and have a panoramic view of the scenery of Xunyang River. In ancient times, a wine flag, commonly known as a wine flag, would be erected in front of a restaurant to attract drinkers. The reconstructed Xunyang Building maintains this symbol. A tall viewing pole was erected at the gate of the building, with a wine flag hanging and the inscription "Xunyang River Zhengku."

Extended reading

The Yellow Crane Tower was first built during the period of the Three Kingdoms. In the second year of Wu Huangwu (223 years), it has a history of more than 1,700 years. The Yellow Crane Tower has been built and destroyed many times in history, including 7 times in the Qing Dynasty alone. The last time it was destroyed was in the 10th year of Guangxu (1884), and it was rebuilt again thereafter. The Yellow Crane Tower was rebuilt in 1981. It overlooks the river with its majestic tower and unique style. The newly built Yellow Crane Tower was officially opened to tourists in June 1985. The building is five stories high, with spires and eaves, making it look like one in all directions. The building is 514 meters high, and the ground floor is 30 meters long and 30 meters wide. There are also quaint ancillary buildings around the main building, which is extremely spectacular and gorgeous. "The ground leans against the sky, and the greenery towers like a screen." Climb the tower and look far into the distance, overlooking Jianghan and Han Dynasty. It is majestic and has enjoyed the reputation of "the most beautiful scenery in the world" and "the first floor in the world" since ancient times. Literati and poets from past dynasties climbed the tower to recite poems and compose poems, singing about the magnificent scenery of the Yellow Crane Tower. More than a thousand poems and hundreds of poems and poems have been handed down to this day. Since ancient times, many moving stories and beautiful legends about the Yellow Crane Tower have been circulated, as well as its spectacular scenery. For thousands of years, literati and poets have come here to express their feelings, leaving countless written scrolls.

Xie Tiaolou In the summer of the second year of Jianwu (495) in the Southern Qi Dynasty, a 30-year-old poet from the Xian family took a boat against the current and slowly arrived in Xuan. He is Xie Tao, who has been working as an aide to the princes named Xiao for more than ten years. Xie Zao's poetic style of integrating emotions into landscapes directly influenced Tang Dynasty landscape poets such as Wang Wei and Meng Haoran. Xie Tiao has a special contribution and status in the history of Chinese poetry.

During the Jianwu period of the Southern Qi Dynasty (494-496), when Xie Zao became the prefect of Xuancheng, he built it and named it "Gaozhai". Xie Tao once served as a director and lived here, and wrote poems such as "Gaozhai Shi Shi", "Gaozhai Xianwang", "Huzhai Look Back" and other poems. The back of the building is abandoned.

In the early Tang Dynasty, people in Xuancheng built a new first floor at the old site of "Gaozhai" in memory of Xie Zao. Because the building was located in the north of the county, it was named "Bei Tower". Tingshan has become famous. You can overlook Jingting Mountain when you climb the tower, so it is also called "Beiwang Tower". Li Bai in the Tang Dynasty came to Xuancheng many times, climbed this building to pay his respects, and wrote poems to express his feelings. The poem "Ascend the North Tower of Xiezhen in Xuancheng in Autumn" is very popular and has been sung through the ages. The poem says: "The river city is like a painting, and the mountains look up to the clear sky at night. There are bright mirrors between the two waters, and rainbows fall on the two bridges. The crowds are cold and the oranges and pomelo trees are old, and the autumn colors are old sycamores. Whoever misses the North Tower will feel grateful to the Duke in the wind." Because of Li Bai's poems In order to spread the praise, the building is also called "Xie Gong Building" and "Xie Zhen Building". In the last year of Xiantong in the Tang Dynasty (874), Dugulin, the imperial censor Zhongcheng and the governor of Xuanzhou, rebuilt the North Tower. Because the terrain was high and dangerous, with cliffs stacked like mountains, he named it "Dieshan Tower" and wrote it down as a record. ("Jiangnan Tongzhi": Diezhang Tower, after the rule of Ningguo Prefecture, was the Gaozhai place when Xie Tiao was the prefect of Xuancheng. It was also called the North Tower, also known as Xie Gong Tower. During the Xiantong period of the Tang Dynasty, the governor Dugu Lin rebuilt it and changed its name to today's name. . )

During the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty, the magistrate Fang rebuilt it at the right time and renamed it "Gaozhai", which he also wrote an inscription on.

In the 40th year of Kangxi reign of the Qing Dynasty (1701), Xu Tingshi, the magistrate, renovated it and said: "The name of the peak is derived from the place, and the name of Xie Gong is passed down from person to person. The North Tower is the most famous in ancient and modern times." You know, the people and the place are in it." So it was named: "Gubei Tower". In the early Guangxu period of the Qing Dynasty (1875), Lu Yizhen, the prefect, rebuilt it again. The renovated north building is divided into two floors, with a rounded top and a lower bottom. It is an all-wood structure with glazed tiles on the top and cornices on all four sides. The upper level is inscribed "Diezhang Tower" and is surrounded by wooden railings. The lower level is inscribed "Xie Zhen Tower" and has screen doors on all sides. Around the foundation of the building, there are inscriptions of poems and articles from past dynasties and inscriptions on the building's construction.

During the Anti-Japanese War (1937), the building was bombed by Japanese planes.

Since the Tang Dynasty, the buildings in Xuanzhou city named in memory of Xie Tao include: Tiaofeng, Qingshu, Yingchun, Guanfeng, Shuangxi, Huaixie and Yunqi (after Xie Tao's "Visiting Jingting Mountain" "Named after the poem "Heda and Yunqi"), Qixia (named after the poem "Yuxia scattered into Qi"), Chengjiang (built in the Song Dynasty, named after the poem "Chengjiang is as quiet as practicing"). The poem "Chengjiang Night Moon" Yun: "Chengjiang River opens the sky mirror, and the moon shines brighter. I hope you will live in peace and quiet, and listen to Zhuoying's song with you." ) and other pavilions. Among the pantheons built in the past dynasties on Jingting Mountain, Xie Tao was listed first. Therefore, some people once called Xuancheng "Little Xiecheng" (Du Mu's "From Xuanzhou to Beijing, I met Judge Pei Tan on the way back to Xuanzhou, because of the inscription": "There are hundreds of hectares of bamboo under Jingting Mountain, among which there are poets" Xiao Xiecheng. "Ouyang Xiu's "Wenmei Erzhi Dexing (Ling) Opera Book": "The Jun family came to Xiao Xiecheng in Luoyang." Zhang Lei's "Xiao Bai Ti gave Chao Wujiu": "Guanhe War East." In the land of Qin, there is a small Xiegong City in the Fengyue Southern Dynasty. On the Xie Gong Tower in Xiegong City, there is a bullfight hanging on the 100-foot railing.") "Xie Tao City" (Du Mu's "Inscription on Kaiyuan Temple in Xuanzhou": "Xie Tao City in the Southern Dynasties was the deepest part of Soochow." "Xuancheng": "Re-introduction to the pond to think about, and also visit Xieyu City.").

Juyuanlou In the second year of Yuanfeng of the Song Dynasty (1079), the great writer Su Shi was unjustly imprisoned for the "Wutai Poetry Case". After his release, he was demoted to Huangzhou (now Huanggang City, Hubei Province) as deputy troupe coach. This lasted for five years. In the seventh year of Yuanfeng, Emperor Shenzong issued an edict, saying that Shi "experienced deeply and had rare talent, so he couldn't bear to give up", so he moved to Ruzhou (today's Linru City, Henan Province), which is slightly closer to the capital, and served as the deputy envoy of Tuanlian. On the way to Ru, Dongpo made a special trip to Jiangxi to see off his son and younger brother. He came to Gao'an, went up to Kuanglu, visited Shizhong Mountain, crossed Po Lake, and went up the Le'an River to Dexing. This is Su Shi's first visit to Jiangxi. Along the way, he enjoyed the mountains and waters, searched for wonders and secrets, recited poems and wrote notes, and left behind such masterpieces as "Inscriptions on the Wall of the West Forest", "Stories of Shizhong Mountain", and "Juyuan Tower", creating a lasting chapter in Jiangxi literary circles. Good story.

Dongpo and his party crossed Peng, passed Raozhou (now Poyang, Jiangxi), took a boat up the Le'an River eastward, and arrived in Dexing in mid-June. Dongpo's eldest son Mai, named Boda. In the early days of Yuanfeng, Su Shi offended people with his poems, and I will keep pace with you. During the five years when Dongpo was exiled to Huangzhou, Su Mai was always by his side. In the seventh year of Yuanfeng, 25-year-old Su Mai was appointed as the captain of Dezhun County. Su Shi insisted on sending his son to fulfill his duties. According to the author's speculation, there may be two reasons.

First, he had just entered the official career, and he loved his son so much, how could he not give him away? Second, Shan Xi, the magistrate of Dexing County at that time, was a real scholar in the same discipline as Dongpo, and they were related by marriage. Shi and Xi had known each other for many years, but had not seen each other for a long time. It was just the opportunity to send their son off to his new post, and they fulfilled their wish to become friends. Su Shi entrusted his beloved son to a friend of the same age, hoping that he would be diligent in his work, be close to the people, and live up to his family tradition. It is said that when he left Dexing, Dongpo gave his beloved son an inkstone. There is an inscription on the inkstone, and the text reads: "With this, you will always be thirsty to advance, with this, you will always be frightened, with this, you will always be surprised to make progress, with this, you will always be able to manage your wealth, and with this, you will always be alive in the prison of books." Su Mai did not disappoint your high expectations. The Kangxi edition of "Dexing County Chronicle" records that he was "excellent in literature, astute in political affairs, and whipped as a last resort. The people could not bear to be bullied, and future generations looked up to him." Dexing's old records listed Su Mai among famous officials. In the Song Dynasty, Jingsu Hall was built at the western foot of Zhenshan Mountain in Yincheng to commemorate him.

Dexing Ancient Town is located in the mountains. The mountains and rivers here are exquisite and the scenery is beautiful. During the Xining period of the Song Dynasty (1068-1077), Yu Shilong, a famous official in the city, donated money to build a viewing tower on the top of Zhenshan Mountain in the northern suburbs. Shan Xi named it "Juyuan Building" with the meaning of "living high and looking far away", and Liu Ding, the minister, made a note of it. Loucheng is a famous bathhouse. The east slope likes mountains and rivers. Shan Ling, who knew the character of his old friend, sincerely invited Su Shi and his son to go north to Zhenshan to have a panoramic view of the beautiful scenery in Juyuan. Climbing the tower on the east slope, I looked around and saw the winding Maoshan Mountains, the shining water, the cold and green weather, the majestic Tianmen, and the endless scenery and extraordinary momentum. Su Zi rose up and wrote a poem with the title "Juyuan Tower":

The clouds, mountains, mist and water are close to each other in hardship, and we all have a good time.

Thanks to the tall building, it can gather people far away and temporarily clean up the idle people.

"Juyuan Tower" and "Ti Xilinbi" have different approaches but similar effects. The first two parts of the poem express sincere praise for the wonderful and natural landscape of Dexing. The three words "Suffering Love" express all the feelings of love. The two sentences "It takes tall buildings to gather people far away" are both realistic and contain the profound meaning of "looking far ahead". Reading carefully, between the lines, we can also appreciate the poet's complex state of mind at this time. Being repeatedly demoted, Dongpo considered himself an "idler" far away from mainstream society. However, Su Zi, who has a leisurely mind and a lofty ambition, still longs to perform a truly magnificent drama of his own on the stage of life, despite his unfortunate fate.

As soon as Su Dongpo's excellent chapter came out, it spread all over the world. It also made Juyuan Tower, which was located in a remote town, suddenly shine and become famous far and wide. Su Che, Su Xun, Zhao Mengfu, Huang Tingjian, Foyin, Zhao Pian and Ma Tingluan and other famous celebrities visited Dexing one after another. They climbed up the building to view the sights and wrote many poems. During the Jianyan period (127-1130), Emperor Gaozong of the Song Dynasty appreciated Dongpo's poems and was so inspired that he specially gave the imperial book "Juyuan Tower" to him. Dongpo inscribed it and Emperor Gaozong gave it a plaque, and Juyuan Tower became a famous tower in Jiangdong. From time to time, there were poems praising it: "The Emperor Gao wrote poems in imperial ink, and his poems were written in inner Han Dynasty. The Juyuan Tower is so beautiful that it is famous all over the world." It is conceivable that although the favor is great, the reputation is not obvious. Until the early Yuan Dynasty, the writer, calligrapher and painter Zhao Mengfu was still full of admiration when he visited Dexing: "Si Lingchen and Hanpo have immortal sentences, and the light of Yun and Han Dynasty gathers in this building. The two wonderful things have lasted through the ages, and they even boasted about the vistas gathering into the eyes." Juyuan Tower was destroyed in the late Yuan Dynasty. In 2005, in order to commemorate Su Shi and his son and highlight the excellent traditional culture, Dexing mobilized the city's efforts to rebuild Juyuan Building and Jingsu Hall.

After visiting Juyuan Tower, you can climb up the east slope to the Yincheng Lei Mountain (i.e. Yin Mountain) with beautiful peaks and rocks and excellent scenery. At the foot of the mountain are the ancient silver smelting field supervisor, Yinjing and Deng Gong Temple. wait). At the Shuxiao Pavilion on the top of the mountain, the poet enjoyed the beautiful scenery of Silver City and once again wrote the poem. Poetry day:

The scenery of Shuxiao Pavilion on Leishan Mountain is beautiful, and the beautiful peaks arch through the clouds.

The red sun accompanies Xiaoao Pond, and the white clouds greet Shuhuaiyan Gorge.

Looking across the vastness of the sky, one can clear up the coldness of the year.

The fragrance of pines and flowers fills the land of Yin Yang, and there are only a few new poems left to highlight this trip.

A poem about Shu Xiaoting can sweep away the depression and express one's heart with enthusiasm and unrestrainedness. The last couplet of the poem is full of heroic emotion and is the finishing touch of the whole poem. During his stay in Dexing, Su Gong also insisted on going to Badu (now Haikou Town), seventy miles away from the city, to visit the temple of Dong Quanzhen, the censor of the Tang Dynasty, and composed a poem. The poem says: "The iron pillar shines on the crown of Zhi, and the eight strongholds are personally responsible for the success of the Han Dynasty. The defeat is still different, but there are few reinforcements, and the head is cut off and it is still mentioned as a thief. Lei Fen has a sound to answer the drum, and the horse returns without an owner, who will saddle it? Ouchi It is not completely cold, but the moon is cold and sad every night." Dong Quanzhen was a native of Badu in the city, and led the Tang army to fight against Zhu and Wen's rebels. Later, he committed suicide because reinforcements did not arrive and he was defeated. It is said that after Quanzhen's death, he was still standing on horseback, holding his head in his hand, with his eyes wide open. The enemy soldiers were frightened by the sight and collapsed without fighting. Later, the righteous horse returned with all his integrity. During his short journey, Su Shi made a special trip to worship the soul of a foreign land in order to express his admiration for the loyalists who protected the country. This was due to his consistent concern for the country.