Curious..! Hundreds of surnames..
The pronunciation is a, and the ancient sound is e. A relatively rare surname, but extremely widespread. There was A Guangjin in the Tang Dynasty and A Qilin in the Ming Dynasty. There are two sources: (1) The official name of Yi Yin, the minister of the Shang Dynasty, was Aheng (an official who protected education), and one of his descendants had the surname A; (2) the Adan, Ahe, and The Avgan family changed their surname to Ah.
1. Origin of the surname
The surname A (ē, ā) has two origins:
1. The surname A (ē sounds 婀) has two origins :
① It comes from after Yi Yin of the Shang Dynasty, and is named after the official name. According to "Guanzi·Dishu", it is said that Yi Yin is "good at moving the weights, opening and closing, breaking the blockages, and connecting the high and low, and the disease." He assisted Shang Tang in annihilating Fang Kingdoms such as Ge, Wei, Gu, Kunwu, etc., and finally destroyed Xia in one fell swoop and established the Shang Dynasty. Yi Yin was honored as "Aheng" (equivalent to prime minister) by Shang Tang. Some of his descendants were proud of their ancestor's official position, so they took the surname "A" and called them "A".
② It comes from the compound surname and three-character surname of the Xianbei people in the Southern and Northern Dynasties. During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, the Xianbei clan of the Northern Wei Dynasty included the Ahe clan and the Afugian clan. After entering the Central Plains, they were changed to the A clan according to Han custom. According to "Wei Shu·Guanshi Zhi": "Afu Yu's clan was later changed to A'shi." This happened after Emperor Xiaowen moved the capital to Luoyang in the 19th year (495). In the twelfth and third year of Taihe (488-489), five or six years before Emperor Xiaowen officially issued the edict, the ethnic minority surname Afuyu (or Afugan) was simplified to A. This simplification became the basis for Emperor Xiaowen to officially change his surname later.
2. The surname A (ā sound ah) comes from the surname of the Hui nationality, which has two origins:
① Among the Hui people in China, there are many sutra names starting with the sound "A". It is the main source of the surname A. For example, among the officials of the Yuan Dynasty, there were dozens of people including Aciqian, Aciwalsi, Alihan, Aslan, Abashi, Abdulchi, Abdulci, Ali, and Ahema. In the Ming Dynasty, there were astronomers such as Atawuding and Aduci.
② Some Hui people also changed the sutra names that have nothing to do with Ah to the surname Ah. For example, in the Qing Dynasty, the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Hui people changed their surname to Hailima, and then they became another branch of the Hui people with the surname A. The Hui people surnamed A are mainly distributed in the northwest region.
The surname A (ē sounds graceful) is derived from the ancestor: Yi Yin. Yi Yin, whose name is Zhi, is an abandoned child found by the You Xin family in a mulberry forest. Because his adoptive mother lives by the Yishui River, he takes the name of the water as his surname. Although Yi Yin is short in stature and has an unremarkable face, he is resourceful, extremely intelligent and ambitious. At that time, King Jie of Xia was tyrannical and cruel, abusing the power of the people, killing the people, leaving the fields barren, and the people living in dire straits. Yi Yin saw that Xia Dynasty was exhausted, so he used his superb cooking skills to approach Shang Tang and persuade him to hold high the flag of righteousness and replace Xia Jie. After Shang Tang talked with Yi Yin, he suddenly felt that it was too late to meet him, and immediately appointed Yi Yin as "Aheng" (prime minister). Under the management of Shang Tang and Yi Yin, Shang Tang's power began to grow and he wanted to attack Xia Jie. Yi Yin suggested that Shang Tang stop paying tribute to Xia Jie and watch how Xia Jie acted to detect Xia Jie's strength. Xia Jie was indeed very angry and mobilized troops from the Nine Barbarians to attack the merchants. Yi Yin immediately advised Shang Tang: Xia Jie can still mobilize his troops, but the time for us to attack him is not yet mature. So Shang Tang paid tribute to Xia Jie again. When Yi Yin saw that the time was ripe, he once again stopped paying tribute to Xia Jie. However, due to Xia Jie's atrocities, he could not mobilize the army this time, so Yi Yin suggested to Shang Tang to raise troops. Shang Tang quickly defeated Xia Jie's army and exiled Xia Jie to Nanchao. The Xia Dynasty was destroyed. The princes supported the virtuous Shang Tang in one fell swoop and established the Shang Dynasty as the "Emperor". Shang Tang and Yi Yin worked closely together, worked hard to govern, and cared for the people. Loved by the people. After the death of Shang Tang, Yi Yin assisted his descendants until Shang Tang's grandson Taijia became the king of Shang. Taijia was violent and unruly. Three years later, Yi Yin exiled Taijia to Tonggong, where he personally served as regent and accepted the worship of the princes. After Emperor Taijia lived in Tonggong for three years, he repented and blamed himself and changed his evil ways to do good. So Yiyin took Taijia out and returned the government to him. He resigned and returned to his hometown. After Taijia returned to the throne, he carried forward the legacy of Shang Tang Virtuous government, diligence, thrift and love for the people, the surrender of historical princes, and social peace
. After Yi Yin passed away, Diwoding (Taijia's son) buried him with the rites of the emperor. Some of the descendants of the Yiyin branch were proud of their ancestor's official position of "Aheng", so they took the character "A" as their surname and called them Ashi. Therefore, Yi Yin is the ancestor of the surname A.
2. Migration and Distribution
(None) The A family in Ajiabao, Ajiatai and other places in Datong County all have Mongolian ancestors and later merged into the Han nationality. A's surname was Wangju Henan County (district was established by Emperor Gao of the Han Dynasty. It was in the area of today's Luoyang City, Henan Province).
3. Historical celebrities
A [Tian Ke]: named Xi'a, a descendant of Nurgle chieftain during the Han Dynasty, a native of Malong Prefecture, Yunnan Province, abandoned in the eastern valley of Yunnan Province, collected and compiled The writing of the ancient Cuan people is like a tadpole. It only took two years to complete. It has 1,840 unique letters and is called the "Ancestor of the Book".
Agui: named Guangting, nicknamed Yunyan, surname Zhangjia, originally from Zhenglan Banner, Manchuria, and was later transferred to Zhengbai Banner. He was born into a family of high-ranking officials. His father, Akdon, was a bachelor of the Qianlong Dynasty and a minister of the Ministry of Punishment. He was highly regarded by Emperor Qianlong. He has been extremely intelligent since he was a child. "When he hears people talk about historical events, he understands them and can remember their outlines." In the tenth year of Yongzheng's reign (1732), sixteen-year-old Agui entered the official school and became a natural student two years later. In the first year of Qianlong's reign (1736), he was a deputy-listed Gongsheng student, and was later awarded the title of Prime Minister of Dali Temple under the influence of his father. In the third year of Qianlong's reign, he passed the examination and was awarded the title of Chief of the Ministry of War in the second year. Since then, he has been very successful and has been promoted step by step. In the eighth year of Qianlong's reign, as a doctor, he served as Zhang Jing of the military aircraft department of the central organization. However, a series of blows almost put him in jail. In the eleventh year of Qianlong's reign, Agui, who served as a bank accountant in the Ministry of Finance, was demoted to a member of the Ministry of Civil Affairs and was demoted to a member of the Ministry of Civil Affairs for negligence because the items in the account were stolen. At the beginning of the 13th year of Qianlong's reign, Agui went to the Jinchuan military camp in Sichuan with his subordinates from the Ministry of War. Due to his management strategy, Zhang Guangsi, the governor of Sichuan and Shaanxi, failed in the campaign to suppress Jinchuan and Jinchuan. He "kept for half a year without any success" and was arrested and executed. Gui was also impeached for "colluding with Zhang Guangsi and deceiving his bride" and was handed over to the Ministry of Criminal Justice for interrogation. Later, because Emperor Qianlong missed his father's old age, only Ajia, the son, was particularly merciful and did not punish him and released him. Home. This can be said to be a big fall for Agui in his official career. But after all, Agui was a son of a Manchu nobleman, so he was reinstated in the second year after his release and was again appointed as a member of the civil service. In another five years, he became a bachelor of the cabinet and a minister of the Ministry of Rites, and gradually rose to the top.
4. Junwangtang No.
1. Junwang
Henan County: ①Henan, the Qin and Han Dynasties refer to the south of the Yellow River in Hetao, Inner Mongolia. ② During the Warring States Period, the royal city of Zhou Luoyi was called Henan, and Henan County was established in the Han Dynasty. ③The Han Dynasty also had Henan County, that is, Qin Sanchuan County, which governed Luoyang. In the Sui Dynasty, there was Yuzhou and Henan County, and in the Tang Dynasty, it was Luozhou and Henan Prefecture. Their jurisdiction was much smaller than that of Han Henan County. Yuan is the road, Ming is the mansion. ④In the Tang Dynasty, there was Henan Road, which was a large administrative region, governing the vast area south of the river and north of the Huaihe River, and governed Bianzhou (now Kaifeng, Henan Province). During the Kaiyuan period, Gyeonggi Province was separated from Henan Province. After the middle of Tang Dynasty, there were also Henan Jiedu envoys.
2. Hall number (missing)
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Universal couplets for A’s ancestral hall
〖A’s ancestral hall can be used in four languages Couplet〗
The Cuan script is retained;
The purple pavilion graphics.
——The general couplet of the ancestral hall of the surname A written by an anonymous person
The first couplet says that A [Tian Ke], a native of Malongzhou in the Tang Dynasty, lived in seclusion in the mountainous area of eastern Yunnan Province, and collected and compiled ancient Cuan ( The Cuàn (sound-sounding) script was compiled into 1,840 letters in two years, and was named "窪书". Xialiandian refers to Agui, Zhangjia, a native of the Zhengbai Banner in Manchuria in the Qing Dynasty, with the courtesy name Guangting. During the Qianlong period, he served successively as General of Yili, Minister of the Ministry of War, Minister of the Ministry of Personnel, and up to the rank of bachelor of Wuyingdian and minister of military aircraft (prime minister). Relied by Emperor Gaozong, he participated in quelling the rebellions of the Junggar tribe and Xiaohe Zhuomu on the South Tianshan Road. He later served as commander-in-chief many times and used troops in Da and Xiaojinchuan to suppress the Muslim uprising in the northwest. The image of Feng Chengmou Ying Gong was painted in Ziguang Pavilion.
Yishu remains;
Photos of special honors.
——An anonymous couplet for the ancestral hall of the surname A
The upper couplet refers to A [Tian Ke] of the Tang Dynasty, who lived in seclusion in the mountains and forests, and wrote Cuan characters like tadpoles, with a total of 1,800 characters. At the age of forty, his name was Wei Shu, which was passed down to future generations. The lower couplet refers to Agui of the Qing Dynasty, who made great contributions to Ding Yili, Tao Burma, and Ping Liang Jinchuan, and drew figures in Ziguang Pavilion.
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Appendix: Allusions and interesting facts about the surname A
〖A’s Bo people’s hanging coffin〗
A long time ago, in In Luobiao District, Gong County, Sichuan, there is a place called Matangba, where many Bo people live. Among them, people with the surname A account for the majority. One day, an old man named Ah died, and the family went to ask a Feng Shui master to see where the old man was buried. The Feng Shui master walked around Matangba, and finally pointed to a steep rock and said to the people of Ajia: "There is a piece of white rock here. You have to use a large piece of wood to make a coffin, and put the dead old man in it." In this coffin, and then buried on this piece of white rock, the descendants of your family will definitely become rich and prosperous." The family followed Mr. Feng Shui's instructions and made a coffin from a large piece of wood, and then asked a stonemason to come over. Drilling holes in white rock. The white rock is high and steep. How to attack it? After much deliberation, the only option was to use the winch Zhuge Liang taught them to use in battle under the rock, set up a high platform on the winch, and let the masons stand on the high platform to dig holes. Finally, he made two bowl-sized holes in the rock, so he stuffed two thick logs into the holes, then hoisted the coffin up with a winch and placed it horizontally on the two thick logs. This is the Bo people's hanging coffin. The origin of the burial. From then on, the Bo people learned how to bury people with hanging coffins. After death, they all practice hanging coffin burials. After that, the Ajia really developed and became the most powerful tribe among the Bo people. It was not until the first year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty that the three Ajia brothers and sisters became the lord, rebelled, and proclaimed themselves kings and founding the country in Jiusi City in Jianwu (now Xingwen County), Sichuan.
When the three brothers and sisters of the A family rebelled, the A family was very powerful. At that time, there was a scholar named Luo Ying who knew Yin Yang and the five elements and could read Feng Shui. The scholar Luo Ying's family was a large landowner. His family's grain, gold and silver property, etc., were forcibly confiscated by the rebellious Bo people. In order to take revenge on A'jia, he went to A'jia and said: "In Washi Village, Chang'an Township, Weixin County, Yunnan, there is a place called Duanjing Mountain. Opposite Duanjing Mountain there is a white rock called Baihu Rock. If you take the place in Matangba Take down the coffin, transport it to Weixing, and hang it on Baihu Rock. Your family will become more developed and powerful, and the entire Yunnan and Sichuan provinces will become your family's world." After hearing what Luo Ying Xiucai said, the family said. Believing it to be true, he happily took down seven coffins from Matangba and transported them to Weixin Washi, and also transported two winches to hang the coffins. According to what Luo Ying Xiucai said, the A family hung seven coffins on Baihu Rock in Washi Village. The hanging method was exactly the same as that of Luobiao Matangba. But not long after the incident, the three brothers and sisters of the A family were defeated and killed, and the A family completely collapsed. After the death of the three brothers and sisters of the A family, the court continued to encircle and suppress those Bo people who fled into the deep mountains and old forests, especially those with the surname A among the Bo people, regardless of age or sex, they would all be killed. Under such bloody massacre and suppression, the Bo people with the surname A kept their names anonymous and changed the "阝" side of the word "A" to the "亻" side. All changed to He surname. From then on, the hanging coffins of the Bo people in Matangba were called "Hejia Guayanzi", and the Bo people's hanging coffins with prestige Washi were also called "Hejia Guayanzi".
After the Bo people were surrounded and suppressed, no one went to Washi to hang coffins anymore. Many years later, four of the seven coffins collapsed one after another. Today, there are only three hanging coffins left on Baihu Rock. It is said that in those collapsed coffins, there were valuable burial objects such as gold, silver, jewelry, and jade. At that time, some people who were greedy for money went to fight for the burial objects. However, no matter who it was, as soon as they got it, these treasures would sting their eyes unbearably, and their vision would become pitch black, just like a blind man. The strange thing is that as soon as you abandon the treasure in your hand, the pain in your eyes will disappear and your eyes will still be bright. As a result, no one dared to ask for those treasures, and they were all thrown into the deep mountains and canyons.