What is the current situation of sandstorm in China?
2. Geography: Sandstorms mainly occur at east longitude 1 10 ~ north latitude 1 17, that is, with Cangzhou, Hebei as the boundary, Tianjin, Beijing and Inner Mongolia in the north, Shijiazhuang, Yinchuan, Lanzhou and Qilian in Qinghai in the west and Inner Mongolia in the north.
3. Source: The main source of sandstorms in China is Mongolia and even the desert areas in Central Asia. This kind of sandstorm is strong, and its influence is obviously greater than that of sandstorms from domestic sources; The source of China is the Hexi Corridor in Gansu, southern Inner Mongolia, northern Hebei and other desert areas.
4. Path: In recent years, especially in the spring of 2002, there are four main sandstorm paths that affect Beijing: 1 is the path that Mongolia-Inner Mongolia-Beijing turns to the northeast. Second, the Hexi Corridor moved eastward to Beijing. The third is to influence Beijing from Zhu Rihe in Inner Mongolia via Zhangjiakou in Hebei. The fourth is to influence Beijing from the northern plateau of Shanxi to the east.
5. Related factors: Based on the preliminary analysis of the main sand-dust processes in North China since 1998, especially since 2002, and the related climatic factors such as ground vegetation, snow in February, soil humidity of 0~ 10 cm, temperature, it is considered that sand-dust weather is closely related to cold air activities in spring. When the cold air path is west or south in spring, such as April of 1999, on the contrary, when the main force of cold air enters east and exits north, such as April 2000 and March 2002, the main process occurs in North China.
6. Impact of sandstorm: Strong sandstorm not only affects northwest, north, central and east China, but also can be transported to northeast China, affecting northeast, far east and even north China, which is caused by global atmospheric circulation.
According to statistics, there were eight sandstorms in China in the 1960s, namely 13 in the 1970s, 14 in the 1980s and more than 20 times in the 1990s, and the scope of sandstorms became wider and wider, resulting in heavy losses. The main gale and sandstorm weather in China since 1990s are introduced as follows:
1993: It is windy in the north from April to early May. From April 19 to May 8, Gansu, Ningxia and Inner Mongolia were successively hit by strong winds and sandstorms. On May 5-6, eastern Xinjiang, Hexi in Gansu, most of Ningxia and western Inner Mongolia were hit by severe sandstorms, causing serious losses.
1994: From April 6, strong winds blew from Mongolia and western Inner Mongolia, and the dust in the Gobi desert in the north was lifted by the wind and floated over the Hexi Corridor, and the loess lasted for several days.
1 995:165438+1On 7 October, more than 40 counties (cities) in Shandong were hit by heavy rain, with 35 people killed, 12 1 missing, 320 injured and direct economic losses/kloc-0.
1996: On May 29-30, 1965, the worst sandstorm swept through the west of Hexi Corridor. The black wind suddenly broke out, the world was closed, the dust filled, the trees collapsed, and people had difficulty breathing. The direct economic loss in Jiuquan area, which suffered the most, reached more than 200 million yuan.
1998: On April 5, the central and western Inner Mongolia, southwestern Ningxia and Hexi Corridor in Gansu were hit by strong sandstorms, which affected a wide range, including Beijing, Jinan, Nanjing and Hangzhou. On April 19, Tutanto Basin in northern and eastern Xinjiang was hit by a strong wind with an instantaneous wind force of 12, and some areas were accompanied by dust. The devastating typhoon caused a lot of property losses, with 6 people dead, 44 missing and 256 injured. 19 In the early morning of May 1, northern Xinjiang was suddenly hit by strong winds. The wind power in the tuyere areas such as Alashankou and Tacheng reaches 9~ 10, and the instantaneous wind speed reaches 32 meters per second. The winds in other areas generally reach 6~7. Strong winds blew down trees and cut off power lines in some areas.
1999: On April 3-4, Hohhot experienced continuous gale and sandstorm weather for two consecutive days. The sandstorm ranges from the west of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region to the south of Tongliao City in the east, with instantaneous wind speed16m/s and maximum wind force 10 in Dalat Banner of Yikezhao League.
2000: On March 22-23, a large area of sandstorm weather occurred in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, and some sandstorms were carried over Beijing by strong winds, which aggravated the degree of sand blowing. On March 27th, the sandstorm hit Beijing again, and the instantaneous wind force in some areas reached 8-9. Seven workers who were working on the roof of a two-story building in Anxiangli Community were blown down by strong winds, and two people died on the spot. Some billboards were blown down by strong winds, causing pedestrian injuries and vehicle damage.
2002: From March/KOOC-0/8 to March/2/KOOC-0/day, the dust weather process with the largest scope, strongest intensity, most serious impact and longest duration since the 1990s has hit the land of/KOOC-0/400,000 square kilometers in northern China, affecting the population of/KOOC-0/300,000.
In 2003, there were seven sandstorm weather processes in China, of which two were sandstorm weather processes and the other five were sand blowing processes. Both sandstorm weather processes occurred in April, and the sandstorm process that occurred on April 8 ~ 1 1 was the strongest and widest since the spring of 2003, affecting most of the northwest and Shanxi, Liaoning and other places. At least nearly 30 million people, 4.3 million hectares of cultivated land and more than 59 million hectares of grassland were affected by the sandstorm. Compared with the past four years, the number and range of sandstorm days in 2003 are obviously less, and there is no sandstorm weather process in northern China in early spring (March), which is rare in recent years.
2004: The biggest sandstorm weather in northern China since 2004 occurred from March 9th to 10, 1 1 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government were all affected to varying degrees, and the air in six key cities was seriously polluted. According to the monitoring statistics of Air Quality Daily, among the 47 key cities in China in 2004, there were 8 cities with serious air pollution caused by sandstorm weather, and 6 of them were affected by this sandstorm weather. In the same period of the previous three years, 37 cities, 7 cities and 4 cities were seriously polluted by sandstorms.
2005: On February 23rd 1 1, a sandstorm occurred in Minqin County, Wuwei City, with a minimum visibility of 800 meters, an average wind speed of 12.8 m/s and a maximum wind speed of 2 1.6 m/s ... On May 27th, it appeared in Alashan area in recent years. This is the night of May 28th, 2005. The sky is yellow and the visibility is less than 50 meters.
2006: March 10, Harbin floating dust turned to sand; On March 27, a sandstorm raided the Central Plains; On April 18, two migrant workers in Gansu were killed by a sandstorm; April 17, buried in Beijing.
2007: On April 2nd, Shanghai suffered the worst floating dust weather in seven years. On the afternoon of the 2nd, the air pollution index API was as high as 500, which exceeded the API index of 300, which was the limit of heavy pollution, and was the highest value in Shanghai since the establishment of inhalable particulate matter measurement in June 2000 1. On April 13, a strong sandstorm hit Yumen. When the sandstorm is serious, the visibility is less than 50 meters, and some vehicles on Jiagua Expressway are forced to stop.
2008: From May 26th to 27th, extreme gale and sandstorm occurred from west to east in Dongwuzhumuqin Banner of Xilin Gol League, Inner Mongolia. At 8: 30am on the 27th, the minimum visibility of sandstorm in Uries Town, Dongujimqin Banner was less than 5m, the instantaneous maximum wind speed reached 27m/s, and the wind power reached 10. The sandstorm was accompanied by a cold wave, and the temperature dropped to 65438 degrees within 24 hours. Primary and secondary schools are closed.