What is the history of Han architecture "Jinci" in Han altar temple?
Jinci, located in Jinci Town, Jinyuan District, Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province, was originally named Jinwang Temple, and was originally named Tang Shuyu Temple. It was built in memory of Tang Shuyu, the founding emperor of the State of Jin (later named Jinwang) and Jiang Hou, the mother city. It is the earliest existing royal garden in China, and it is the ancestral hall of the State of Jin. There are dozens of ancient buildings in the temple, which have the characteristics of Chinese traditional culture.
Among the Jinci, the difficult old spring, the maid statue and the Madonna statue are known as the "Three Musts of Jinci". In March 1961, Jinci was announced by the State Council as the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units, and in 211, it was announced as the first batch of national AAAA-level tourist attractions
Western Zhou Dynasty
In the Western Zhou Dynasty (11th century-771 BC), Ji Song, Zhou Chengwang, named Ji Yu as Tang Shuyu. Its fief was in Yicheng, Shanxi Province. Later, a branch of Shuyu clan moved to Jinyang, and a temple was built at the origin of Jinshui at the foot of Hangweng Mountain, which was called Tang Shuyu Temple. Yu's son Xie changed his name to Jin because of the presence of Jin water in the territory.
Eastern Han Dynasty
In the third year of Han 'an in the Eastern Han Dynasty (144), Taiyuan earthquake affected Jinci. [5]?
Jinci Southern and Northern Dynasties
During the Tianbao period of the Southern and Northern Dynasties (55-559), Wen Xuandi Gaoyang expanded Jinci, which "opened up the building and built a pond". Reading Desk, Wangchuan Pavilion, Liubei Pavilion, Yongxue Pavilion, Renzhixuan Pavilion, Junfutang Pavilion, Difficult Old Spring Pavilion and Shanli Spring Pavilion were all built in this period. Repairs have continued since Gaoyang. [5]?
Jinci Sui Dynasty
In the sixth year of Emperor Kaihuang's reign (581-586), a relic health tower was built in the southwest of Jinci District to irrigate rice fields with water from Jinci, and it returned for 41 miles every week. [6]?
Jinci Tang
In the 2th year of Zhenguan in Tang Dynasty (646), Li Shimin, Emperor Taizong, went to Jinci to write the inscription "The Inscription of Jinci" and expanded it again.
Jinci Song Dynasty
During the period of Taiping and Xingguo in the Northern Song Dynasty (976-983), Song Taizong and Zhao Guangyi built a large-scale project in Jinci, and when the renovation was completed, they also engraved inscriptions.
during the Tiansheng period (123-132), Zhao Zhen of Song Renzong made Tang Shuyu the king of Fendong, and built a large-scale Notre Dame Hall for Yijiang, the mother of Tang Shuyu.
Notre Dame Hall
During the reign of Yuanyou and Shaosheng in Song Zhezong (186-198), an iron man was cast and a lotus platform was built in order to be powerful. In the second year of Yuanyou (187), Lu Ji, the head of Taiyuan government, and others presented six wooden dragons and the statue of Notre Dame. In the fourth year of Yuanyou (189), a statue of the Iron Man was cast in the southeast corner of the Golden Man Terrace (the existing Iron Man was re-cast in the fifteenth year of the Republic of China (1926)). In the fourth year of Shaosheng (197), an iron man was cast in the southwest corner of the Golden Man Terrace. In the fifth year of Shaosheng (198), an iron man was cast in the northwest corner of the Golden Man Terrace. The iron man in the northeast corner was destroyed early and was rebuilt in 1913.
Song Huizong Chongning Middle School (112-116) rebuilt the Temple of Notre Dame and gave it the name "Kindness Temple". In the first year of Zhenghe (1111), the Miao Church was rebuilt. In the eighth year of Zhenghe (1118), a pair of iron lions were cast in the fishpond flying beam.
in the eighth year of Jin dading's reign (1168), he even flew to Liangdadong, and built an additional memorial hall to dedicate sacrifices to the Virgin Mary. 3 rooms wide and 2 rooms deep. [7]?
Jinci Yuan Dynasty
In the fourth year from Yuan Shizu to Yuan Dynasty (1267), the buildings in Tang Shuyu Temple were rebuilt and the boundaries around Jinci Temple were demarcated. Yi Yin wrote "Rebuilding Fendong Wangmiao".
In the second year of Emperor Qing of Yuan Renzong (1313), Buddhist monk Hongzhi rebuilt Fengsheng Temple.
In the first year of the reign of Emperor Zhihe in Yuan Dynasty (1328), the Miao Church was rebuilt.
in the first year of Yuan Shundi Zhizheng (1341), Sicheng Wang was appointed as the Shanxi Road of Hedong (Xuanweisi) and renovated the Jinci Temple. The following year, Taiyuan earthquake spread to Jinci, which was to rebuild Notre Dame Hall. In the third year of Zhengzheng (1343), the stone carving "Confucius Step by Step" was placed in Tsinghua Hall. [8]?
Jinci in the Ming Dynasty
In the first year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1368), Yuhua Temple was rebuilt, with three main halls and three left and right side halls. In the second year of Hongwu (1369), the Virgin was named "the Virgin of Guang Hui Xian Ling Zhao Ji". In the third year of Hongwu (137), Xianweng Pavilion, also known as Hongge Pavilion, was founded.
Jinxi Academy
In the tenth year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty (1412), Zen Master Yuanjue came to Fengsheng Temple, built an additional guanyin temple and cast the left bell of Notre Dame Hall. In the 14th year (1416), Shengsi Temple was built, with three main halls and three east and west halls. In the 21st year of Yongle (1423), the iron head in the northwest corner of Lotus Terrace was rebuilt.
Tomorrow, in the first year of Shun (1457), a big bell will be cast on the right side of Notre Dame Hall. In the fifth year of Tianshun (1461), Mao Biao, the governor of Shanxi Province, repaired Jinci and carved "Rebuilding Jinci Inscription".
in the twenty-third year of Chenghua in Ming dynasty (1487), the monument of Imperial Sacrifice was set up in Notre Dame Hall.
In the sixth year of Ming Zhengde (1511), the Miao Church was rebuilt. In the eighth year of Zhengde (1513), gaskin, an iron man in the northwest corner, was rebuilt. In the fifteenth year of Zhengde (152), the bell of Haotian Temple was cast.
In Jiajing of Ming Dynasty, the White Crane Pavilion was built. In the 11th year of Jiajing (1532), the Dynasty established Jinxi Academy in the southeast corner of Jinci Temple. In the twenty-seventh year of Jiajing (1548), a reading desk was built, and Wangchuan Pavilion, Tang Shuyu Temple, Shanli Pavilion and Difficult Old Pavilion were built. From the 4th year to the 41st year of Jiajing (1561-1562), the Palace of Notre Dame and the Flying Beams of the Fishbridge were built in Ninghua Palace. In the forty-second year of Jiajing (1563), the Jellyfish Building was founded.
In the first year of Qin Long in Ming Dynasty (1567), Gao Ruxing wrote The Record of Rebuilding Jinci Temple and rebuilt Dongyue Temple.
During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty (1573-162), Duiyue Square and Bell and Drum Tower were built before the dedication of the temple. Then in the east of Huixian Bridge, a magnificent water mirror platform was rebuilt for acting. [9]?
Jinci in Qing dynasty
In the first year of Kangxi in Qing dynasty (1662), Wangchuan Pavilion was rebuilt. In the 25th year of Kangxi (1686), Zhou Zaijun, a magistrate of Taiyuan, rebuilt the Tang Shuyu Temple and wrote an article about it. In the thirty-eighth year of Kangxi (1699), Lv Zuge was built. In the forty-eighth year of Kangxi (179), Tang Shuyu Temple was rebuilt. In the fifty-seventh year of Kangxi (1718), Fengsheng Temple was renovated and Daifeng Xuan was founded.
Duiyue archway
In the eighth year of Yongzheng (173), Gao rebuilt the Tai Gui Temple.
in the first year of Qianlong (1736), Juntian Music Station was built. In the second year of Qianlong (1737), the three shrines and Tongle Pavilion were rebuilt. In the 12th year of Qianlong (1747), the relic health tower was rebuilt. In the 16th year of Qianlong (1751), Hanlin Yang Er You Zhishi returned to Jinci and devoted himself to the restoration of Jinci. In the twenty-fifth year of Qianlong (176), Gongbo Ancestral Temple was rebuilt. In the thirty-sixth year of Qianlong (1771), Shanxi Governor Zhu Gui and Taiyuan ordered Zhou Kuan to rebuild the Tang Shuyu Temple. In the thirty-eighth year of Qianlong (1773), Wenchang Palace, Seven Sages Temple in Jinshui and Lock Hongqiao were expanded. In the thirty-ninth year of Qianlong (1774), the fishpond flying beam was built. In the forty-third year of Qianlong (1778), the White Crane Pavilion was built. In the fifty years of Qianlong (1785), Chaoyang Cave and reading platform were built. Sixty years after Qianlong (1795), Haotian Shrine was expanded and the reading desk was rebuilt.
in the sixth year of Jiaqing (181), the Jade Emperor Pavilion and Sanqing Cave were built, and the Guandi Temple was completed. In the 14th year of Jiaqing (189), the Jinci Temple was completely renovated, including Lianchi, Shuixie, Feiliang, Taiqian Temple, Gongbo Sub-Temple and Sansheng Temple. In the 23rd year of Jiaqing (1818), Yuhua Temple was built.
in the fifth year of Daoguang (1825), Dongyue Temple was rebuilt. In the 24th year of Daoguang (1844), some buildings in Jinci were repaired.
In the fifth year of Xianfeng (1855), Tsinghua Hall was rebuilt.
In the second year of Tongzhi (1863), Fengsheng Temple was rebuilt.
in the first year of Guangxu (1875), Guangxu inscribed a plaque with the title of "The Legacy of Three Jin Dynasties". In the 28th year of Guangxu (192), Liu Dapeng, a native of Yi, finished the manuscript of Jinci Annals. In the 3th year of Guangxu (194), he built Jinci to wait for Fengxuan. [1]?
Jinci Republic of China
In the sixth year of the Republic of China (1917), ear-washing holes and real fun pavilions were built.
In the 15th year of the Republic of China (1926), the iron head of the southeast corner of the Jinci Golden People's Platform was rebuilt.
In the 16th year of the Republic of China (1927), Rong Hongfu built Taoran Village Villa (rong family Garden).
in the 19th year of the Republic of China (193), the stone boat was built "without a boat". [11]?
Jinci New China
In p>1954, Zhi Bo Canal was built and Lock Hongqiao was rebuilt.
In p>196, the Wangchuan Pavilion was rebuilt, the Miaoyi Hall was rebuilt and Wenchang Palace was expanded. [12]?
Jinci Scenic Spot
In p>1964, the Jinci Gate and Wangchuan Pavilion were newly built, and the Lubao River and Santai Pavilion were renovated. In the same year, Tongle Pavilion was demolished and Shanxi painting and calligraphy rooms were rebuilt.
in p>1965, the old and difficult spring weir was expanded, and the Nanhu hall and boat wharf of Jinci Park were built. [13]?
In p>1975, Wenchang Palace was completely renovated.
in p>1977, the provincial cadre sanatorium returned 12 houses of Fengsheng Temple site.
In p>1978, the Jinci Temple was completely renovated, with 47,845 square meters of land leveled, and 22 households moved out of the cultural relics area. A hexagonal pavilion was built in Nanshan of Wang Qiong Temple, Zhi Bo Canal was renovated, and the spring canal was rebuilt, and Guandi Temple, Tang Shu Temple, Santai Pavilion and Jinxi Academy were repaired. [14]?
in p>198, the newly moved building was rebuilt in the original site of Fengsheng Temple.
In p>198—1981, the tomb of Lou Rui, the king of Dong 'an in the Northern Qi Dynasty, was excavated near Wangguo Village in Jinci. Nearly 2 square meters of murals were preserved in the tomb, which is the earliest historical treasure with high artistic value in China.
in p>1981, the Tang stele pavilion was expanded. In the same year, major buildings such as Yuhua Temple, Laojun Cave, Ruiyun Pavilion and Taoran Village Villa were maintained. Renovation of Yinmaquan Scenic Spot in Jinci Park, and construction of Yujing Pavilion, Lotus Champs, Promenade and Memorial archway were all completed in 1989. [15]?
In p>1991, Dong Shouping Museum of Fine Arts was opened in jinci museum. Carve eight scenic monuments inside and outside the Jinci Temple, and build a stele gallery. Restore Jinxi Academy. Wang Ziqiao Temple, the ancestor of Wang in Taiyuan, was built.
cultural relics
Notre Dame Hall
Notre Dame Hall is one of the three wonders of Jinci ancient architecture. Founded in the Song Tiansheng period (123-132). The virgin Mary is said to be the mother of uncle Yu. Notre Dame Hall, formerly known as "Girls' Temple", is spacious and spacious, with 41 beautifully painted maid statues in the Song Dynasty and 2 sculptures in the Ming Dynasty. Among these colored sculptures, Yi Jiang sits in the middle, with a solemn expression, elegant demeanor, a crested phoenix and a garb, and is an image of a court ruler. Statues are vivid in image, vivid in modeling and different in modality, which are valuable materials for studying sculpture art and costumes in Song Dynasty. [17]?
woodcarving panlong
the second of the three wonders of Jinci ancient architecture.
The woodcarving Panlong is the earliest existing Panlong carved column in China, which was carved in the second year of Song Yuanyou (187). Eight dragons each held a big column, glaring and clawing, and the whole body was born from the clouds, and they were angry. Although it has been nearly a thousand years, the scales must be bearded. [18]?
fish pond flying beam
The third of the three wonders of Jinci ancient architecture.
The fishpond flying beam was built in the Song Dynasty. It is in the shape of a cross bridge, like a Dapeng spreading its wings. It is elegant and elegant in shape and unique in shape between the Notre Dame Hall and the Xiandian Hall. [19]?
Golden Terrace
Golden Terrace * * * has four iron men. Because iron belongs to hardware, people call it "Golden Terrace". The iron man in the southwest corner was cast in the fourth year of Shaosheng in the Northern Song Dynasty (197) and is well preserved. It is said that the Iron Man couldn't stand the heat in summer and went to the Fenhe River to cross it. Seeing a boat, the iron man asked the boatman to take him across the river. The boatman revealed the true nature of the iron man and carried it back to the Golden Man Platform. The Notre Dame ordered his generals to chop three times on the iron man's toes. As a punishment for disobeying the precepts, the gold man still has three marks on his feet. [2]?
Tang stele pavilion
Tang stele pavilion is the "Zhenguan Baohan" pavilion, and the inscription of Jinci Temple is inscribed in Zhenguan Baohan Pavilion in Jinci Temple. In the pavilion, Li Shimin's handwritten inscription "The Inscription of Jinci" is displayed. The whole monument is more than 12 Yu, the calligraphy is cursive, the brushwork is unique and subtle, and it is a treasure of calligraphy art. [17]?
Jellyfish House
Above the Nan Lao Quan Pavilion, there is a Jellyfish House, commonly known as the Dressing House, or Crystal Palace. The jellyfish in the building are like copper and gold, sitting on the urn, with unfinished hair and self-possession. According to legend, jellyfish surnamed Liu lives in Jinsheng Village near Jinci. However, after her marriage, she was abused by her mother-in-law and went to fetch water from afar every day. The water picked up only needs the front bucket and the bottom of the bucket is made into a sharp bottom, so that Liu Nv can't rest. The rider gave Liu a golden whip and told her to put it in the urn, and the urn would be full of water. This secret was discovered by Liu Nv's sister-in-law. When Liu Nv went back to her mother's house, she lifted her whip from the urn, and suddenly the water gushed out and the village was about to be flooded. Liu Nv heard the news and sat on the urn to save people. The jellyfish never left the urn. [17]?
it is known as the sacred temple
According to legend, it was once the villa of Wei Chijingde, a general of the Tang Dynasty. There is a stupa in Fengsheng Temple, which is 38 meters high and has seven octagons. Near Fengsheng Temple, there is a giant locust tree. According to legend, this pagoda tree has a long history, and it has already dried up. I don't know how many years have passed. It was on March 21 of the 21 ST year of Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty (1756) that it met in Fengsheng Temple. There is an old Taoist selling plasters under the withered locust tree. But nobody bought his medicine. The old man continued to peddle: "If you come to buy such a fairy medicine, no one will be blessed, and the withered tree will be suitable for life." After that, he put the plaster on Kuhuai and walked away. In less than a month, this dead Sophora japonica rose from the dead, and people called it Resurrection Sophora japonica. [17]?
water mirror platform
the water mirror platform is a stage in the Ming and Qing dynasties. The east of the stage is a double-eaved rest peak, which is used as a back curtain when performing, and the west of the stage is a roll shed rest peak, facing the Notre Dame Hall, and is open on three sides. The stage is divided into two parts, front and back. From the architectural shape, the backstage was built in Ming Dynasty. The front desk was built in Qing Dynasty. Twelve open columns are erected at the front desk to support the roll shed roof. The four-corner column of the backstage platform body has two verandahs connected with the front desk. There are upper and lower doors between the front and back stages, separated by wooden boards, and a horizontal plaque of "water mirror platform" is hung on it. The abutment is 1.3 meters above the ground, and the front edge is arranged with 6 cm high stone pillars.
The word "water mirror" is taken from the sentence "Clear water mirror can't escape" in the Biography of Han Anguo in the Pre-Han Dynasty, which means loyalty and treachery. It is clearly revealed in the clear water mirror, so it is called "water mirror". [21]?
Duiyue Square
Duiyue Square is located in the west of Jinrentai on the central axis of Jinci Scenic Area. It was built in the fourth year of Wanli (1576), with beautiful shape and magnificent structure. This plaque was inscribed by Gao Yingyuan, a calligrapher in the Ming Dynasty, with the word "List Book in Gold", which is as vigorous as Youlong's. According to legend, Gao Yingyuan's mother suffered from migraine, and all the doctors failed. After that, she got a sign in front of Lv Zu, which read "Adding bricks and tiles". After careful observation in the temple, Gao Yingyuan found that there were temples, halls, buildings, pavilions, platforms and bridges, except for the lack of memorial archways, so she chose to build this memorial archway in the west of Jinren Terrace, and wrote a plaque by herself, hanging in the center. "Duiyue" expresses the sentence "Duiyue is in heaven" in The Book of Songs, Zhou Song and Qing Temple. [21]?
Zhou Bai Tang Huai
One of the three wonders of Jinci.
Zhou Bai and Tang Huai, both of them are representatives of thousands of years old trees in Jinci. Zhou Bai is a cypress planted in the Zhou Dynasty, lush and lush, located on the north side of Notre Dame Hall. Originally, there were two cypresses named Qi Nian, and now only this one is left. Zhou Baitang's locust tree is thick and strong, and it takes several people to encircle it. Tang Huai is a pagoda tree planted in the Tang Dynasty, located in front of the water mirror, and it is the most lush of the ancient trees in Jinci. Every spring and summer, the trees are shaded.
Notre Dame sculpture
The second of the three wonders of Jinci Temple. In the center of Notre Dame Hall is the statue of "Yi Jiang", with more than 4 waiters on the left and right sides. Among the 43 painted statues remaining in the Temple of Notre Dame, except for the small statues on both sides of the statue of Notre Dame, which were later added, the rest were original sculptures in the early Song Dynasty. In the middle of the hall, the virgin is wearing a rockhopper, with a quiet and kind face, sitting cross-legged on a wooden square seat, with one hand on her chest and one hand on her leg, and her fingers hidden in her sleeves.