What are the driving characteristics and precautions of cars in foggy environment?

1, driving in fog is easy to cause illusion.

In fog, reference objects such as road signs and trees, which help drivers to judge the direction and speed, become difficult to distinguish, and drivers are insensitive to speed, and their judgment of speed is often lower than the actual speed. Because the roadside reference object is vague, it is often too close to the vehicle in front, and it may even mistake the taillight of the parked vehicle in front for the taillight of the driving vehicle, thus leading to collision. Matters needing attention in foggy driving mainly include the following points:

(1) When an accident occurs in the fog, protect the scene of the accident, immediately rescue the wounded and call the police in time.

(2) When there is a traffic jam in foggy days, stop immediately and turn on the danger warning light.

(3) Don't be too hasty when slowing down or stopping, to prevent the vehicles behind from being caught off guard and colliding.

(4) Pay close attention to the road surface and geographical environment, especially when driving through villages, intersections, stations or at the corner of mountain roads, carefully observe the surrounding conditions and be prepared to stop and avoid.

(5) When driving in foggy days, pay close attention to the dynamics of the preceding vehicle, keep a large distance from the following vehicle, and properly control the speed.

(6) When the visibility of dense fog drops below 5m (m), you should choose a safe place to pull over in time, and turn on the small lights, tail lights and position lights, and then continue driving after the dense fog clears.

(7) Avoid driving with headlights on in foggy weather. Strong light will scatter in fog, which will affect the line of sight, shorten the line of sight, and even make it impossible to see the road and traffic conditions ahead.

(8) When the visibility is within 30m (meters), the vehicle speed shall not exceed 20km/h (km/h).

2. Driving in dense fog

Before driving in dense fog, you should pay attention to the local weather forecast and check whether the lights, horns, light signal devices, large and small lights, fog lights, wipers, steering and braking devices are all in good condition. After the fog is formed, it will gradually thicken. In summer, the road surface will become slippery like light rain, and in winter, the road surface will form thin frost or ice, which is easy to cause side slip. When driving, you should turn on fog lights and position lights, strictly control the speed, sound the horn in time to attract the attention of pedestrians and vehicles, and observe closely according to the sight distance, and concentrate on observing all the traffic conditions ahead. Strictly follow the principle of driving on the right and driving slowly, and keep a sufficient safe distance between vehicles and pedestrians to avoid collision and scraping. When the fog is heavy, you can use the wiper intermittently to scrape off the small water droplets condensed by the fog on the windshield to improve the line of sight. The small water droplets condensed by the hot air in the cab on the inside of the windshield can be removed by the defrosting function of the windshield or dried with a dry towel. Before entering the dense fog area, you should drive carefully, and you must control the speed and stop in time. When the visibility is low in foggy days, you should drive to the roadside safety zone or parking lot first, and then drive on the road after the visibility improves. If you must drive in foggy days, you should choose the speed at which you can stop quickly in foggy days (the sight distance must be greater than the braking distance).

3. The influence of driving in foggy days on the line of sight

At the beginning of fog, the concentration gradually increased unconsciously. Although the line of sight can gradually adapt, the visibility gradually shortened. Fog makes small water droplets form outside the windshield, and the hot air in the cab also makes water droplets appear on the condensation surface inside the windshield, which affects the line of sight, and the visibility is lower when there is fog. When there is a layer of dense fog with a thickness exceeding 1mm (mm) on the low-lying road surface, although the perspective distance is not affected, obstacles such as stones, ravines and potholes on the road surface cannot be seen clearly.

Cars will meet in the fog.

If you meet in the fog, you should try to choose a wide road section and place to meet. When passing by, you should turn off the fog lights to avoid dazzling each other. Sound the horn properly to alert the opposite vehicle. If suspicious circumstances are found, stop and avoid immediately. When the oncoming vehicles are found to be fast and have no intention of avoiding, they should take the initiative to slow down and avoid, and pull over if necessary. Turn on the anti-fog lights after the meeting.

Step 5 overtake in foggy weather

Overtaking is forbidden in foggy weather. When you find that the vehicle in front is driving on the right, don't blindly detour. You should consider whether the vehicle is avoiding the oncoming vehicle. When overtaking a parked vehicle on the roadside, after confirming that it has no intention to start and there is no oncoming vehicle on the opposite side, sound the horn in time and make a low-speed detour from the left side.

What are the precautions for safe driving in rainy and foggy days?

What are the common mistakes in driving?

In the process of driving, we often make mistakes because of the uncertainty of the sequence of operation steps. Most of the mistakes are not because the technology is not in place, but because the common sense is not understood. So what are the mistakes that are easy to make while driving?

1, first step on the clutch and then brake.

For a car with manual transmission, some people think that braking will be more effective if the power supply is cut off before braking. This is a serious mistake. Because the clutch is depressed, the engine speed is quickly reduced to idle speed, the total vacuum degree of the trachea is reduced, the auxiliary force of the vacuum booster is greatly reduced, and the braking distance is prolonged. To operate correctly, you should step on the brake first, and then step on the clutch when the speed drops to a near stop, so as to ensure safety.

2. The slower the running-in period, the better.

The running-in period is to grind the fit clearance of friction parts to a reasonable range within a period of time, so as to achieve better lubrication. If the engine speed is too low during the running-in period, the impact on the crankshaft connecting rod bearing bush will be greater. If the engine speed is too high, it will easily strain the cylinder wall and cause early wear. Therefore, the running-in period should refer to the engine speed rather than the vehicle speed. The speed of gasoline engine is between 2000 and 3000 rpm, and that of diesel engine is between 1000-2000 rpm.

Step 3 accelerate overtaking

Drivers generally think that high gear is faster, so they will move to the next gear on the way to overtaking. In fact, the forward movement of the vehicle must depend on the torque applied by the engine. The high gear torque is small, and the throttle response is slow, which makes the acceleration slow. Therefore, the correct overtaking should be to slow down by one gear. In automatic transmission, only when the accelerator is pressed to the bottom, the transmission will be downshifted to provide enough torque.

4, high-end small throttle is more fuel efficient.

In this way, the engine is easy to knock, and the power of fuel explosion can't do work completely, which will impact the connecting rod mechanism and cause early wear, so the low-speed torque is insufficient and the acceleration is weak, but the fuel consumption may increase. The best way to save fuel and protect the engine is to work in the area with low maximum torque and speed to obtain the maximum power and the best fuel-saving effect.

5, neutral can save fuel.

Carburetor cars can save fuel in neutral, but at present, more and more EFI cars do not necessarily save fuel in neutral, because some cars loosen the throttle when accelerating, the fuel injection system stops supplying oil, and the engine speed drops to 2000 rpm, so high-speed sliding with gear will save fuel, but neutral will cost fuel instead.

6. Brake when turning.

When turning, the center of gravity of the car moves to the outside. At this time, braking will aggravate the roll and cause unilateral braking. If you drive too fast or brake too hard, you are in danger of overturning. The correct way is to slow down before entering the corner and shift to a low gear. After entering the corner, slowly refuel the car body, maintain a stable posture, and do not cause the vehicle to roll over.

7. The hotter the car starts, 10 minute.

Preheating the automobile before starting can make the mechanical parts get better lubrication, reduce friction and prolong service life. But the preheating time should not be too long, so that the lubricating oil can reach the position where lubrication is needed. Generally, 5 to 8 seconds is recommended. If the time is too long, it will only cause fuel consumption and engine wear.

8. Slide downhill in neutral

When some car owners go downhill, for convenience, they just slide in neutral and control the speed only by braking, which has considerable safety hazards. If they do this on a long slope, the braking system will suddenly fail because of overheating, leading to accidents. The correct way is to put the appropriate gear according to the actual speed, let the engine brake, and occasionally supplement the brake, which is safe and prolongs the service life of the brake.