What are the uses of the two long wings on the official hat in Song Dynasty? Why do big and small officials and even emperors wear them?
The hat of this design is called the long-winged hat, which was worn by the emperors and ministers of the Song Dynasty when they went to court. I don't need it in my daily life, because it's really inconvenient.
It is said that this kind of hat was invented by Song Taizu Zhao Kuangyin. The design of this kind of hat has something to do with court discipline.
Is the appearance of long wing hat really related to Zhao Kuangyin? Many people may think that when the emperor and ministers are deliberating in the imperial court, the ministers are "ordered by the crisis" and disciplined. There won't be any more ministers whispering like students now.
In fact, the discipline of the court is not as strict as we thought, and the atmosphere is not so solemn. It is a common phenomenon that the emperor can't run a venue.
So when Zhao Kuangyin found him sitting in the dragon chair, the ministers standing under him were either whispering or looking around. For their impolite behavior, in Zhao Kuangyin's view, it is contempt for Tianwei and imperial power.
Thread in my heart, extremely angry, but on the surface, Zhao Kuangyin maintained a consistent attitude. This is a very popular online expression, please imagine it yourself.
And he also tried to get rid of the bad habits of court ministers!
It took a while, but somehow I figured it out. This time, the left and right sides of the black-and-white hat are made of bamboo sticks, with a foot-long "wing".
The advantage of this is that courtiers stand around when chatting with each other, and they can't hear each other clearly at all. Moreover, it is awkward to stand and talk like this, and it is impolite to talk. When chatting, you can only stand opposite.
It is disrespectful for two people to whisper to each other on such a solemn occasion and discuss state affairs in court. I'm afraid they won't live long if they stand and chat face to face.
In this way, the court discipline is serious. But also improve the efficiency of deliberation. This method is not bad.
Of course, this kind of hat will only appear on large and serious occasions. For example, royal sacrifices, ministers' court attendance, and emperors' weddings. , is not needed in life.
Moreover, this kind of hat has another drawback, that is, the minister's walking posture swings from side to side, or his sitting posture is not good, and his long wings are either swaying or crooked.
This is a shameful move for the Song people who pay attention to appearance. The so-called sitting posture and standing posture are the self-restraint that a bachelor of arts must possess.
Sitting posture and standing posture reflect the self-restraint and quality of bosses, reminding them to pay attention to their words and deeds anytime and anywhere, but it also reflects the reform and change of officialdom in Song Dynasty.
Therefore, it seems not surprising that something similar happened to the founding emperor Zhao Kuangyin.
Besides, the hats worn by the ministers of the Song Dynasty emperors were similar. As we all know, since Qin Shihuang invented headdress, emperors have been using this kind of hat with tassels.
On the one hand, it can increase the majesty and mystery of the emperor, on the other hand, the ministers below can't see the expression on the emperor's face clearly and can't speculate on the imperial edict.
It was always like this before the Song Dynasty. The materials and styles of hats worn by emperors and ministers were different. But in the Song Dynasty, emperors and ministers actually wore similar hats.
What many people don't know is that the so-called long-winged hat is just an image in the mouth of the people. According to ancient documents, the long-winged hat should be called the boxer's head.
In the Yuan Dynasty's Bad Talk on the Table, it was mentioned that the long wings on both sides of the hat existed to avoid ministers whispering.
But after the book came out, many people thought that the statement in the book was not objective enough to be believed.
There is no real and objective historical record, so whether the company commander's wing cap was invented by Zhao Kuangyin lacks relevant records and vouchers.
As for the hoe of the Boxer Rebellion, the Song people could not justify themselves in many dewdrop performances. "History does not include the beginning, you don't know, but when."
So how did the Yuan Dynasty know that the long-winged hat was invented by Zhao Kuangyin after the Song Dynasty?
The reason why emperors and ministers in Song Dynasty wore the same long-winged hat was different from that in Tang Dynasty. Song dynasty was conservative, as can be seen from the costumes. Thus, Zhu Cheng's Neo-Confucianism had a great influence on the life style of Song people.
We can see from the costumes of the people in the Tang Dynasty that no matter whether they are nobles or civilians, they can wear hoes regardless of their rank. In the Song Dynasty, the official made specific instructions on the wearing of hoes.
The ruler stipulated that the hoe with straight feet (flat feet) could be used by emperors and ministers; Jiao Jiao (District Foot) Shantou is worn by officials and ministers with official positions; Geji and others use high-foot (roll-foot) hoes; As for ordinary people, they have no right to wear hoes at all.
In this way, all the people are divided into three, six and nine classes. Even if you don't know each other, you can tell each other's general identity from the hoe, so it has become a way to distinguish identity levels.
Then the question is, why is the hat of the emperor in the Song Dynasty the same as that of the minister? In fact, this has a lot to do with the concept of governing the country of the rulers of the Song Dynasty.
It can be seen from the rule that only emperors and ministers can wear straight-legged hoes that in the Song Dynasty, the status of the literati class was very high.
The chaos in the Tang Dynasty left a deep impression on Zhao Kuangyin, which directly affected his strategy of governing the country after he ascended the throne.
He learned a lesson, emphasized the importance of martial arts, and attached great importance to the scholar-officials who had the ability to govern the country but could do nothing.
In order to maintain the foundation of the Song Dynasty, Jiangshan in the Great Song Dynasty has always been surnamed Zhao. He learned from the lessons of the previous dynasty and emphasized the suppression of martial arts.
But he forgot that even without civil strife, the invasion from foreign enemies is still inevitable. At that time, don't let these helpless scholar-officials go into battle to kill the enemy and shed their blood on the battlefield?
In any case, the scholar-bureaucrat class really enjoyed a very high status in the Song Dynasty. Zhao Kuangyin once issued a decree: "Don't kill ministers and officials". It can be said that the status of scholar-officials was improved unprecedentedly in the Song Dynasty.
Even the emperors who succeeded to the throne later dared not violate the teachings of their ancestor Zhao Kuangyin.
The reason why the emperor chose to wear a straight-footed hoe like a scholar-bureaucrat was to deliberately narrow the distance with them and realize the concept of "ruling the world with scholar-bureaucrats".
Song Renzong did a very good job, not only in the same style, but also in the same color.
Respecting the literati class and despising the samurai led to the "shame of Jingkang" in the late Northern Song Dynasty. The Jin people went south and took away Huizong and Emperor Qinzong, including many members of the royal family and ministers. Let the Song Dynasty be criticized in the long history of China.
Everything has its advantages and disadvantages. As an emperor, you should have a long-term vision and not give up eating because of choking. But how many emperors really think so?