Information about Tibetans

Tibetans mainly live in Xizang Autonomous Region, Qinghai Haibei, Huangnan, Guoluo and Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Haixi Mongolian Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Gansu Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Tianzhu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Mutu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture and Yunnan Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture. The population is 4.59 million (fourth population census 1990). Tibetans call themselves Boba, which means agricultural people. They are an agricultural tribe, which originated in the Yarlung Zangbo River basin. In the Han Dynasty, it belonged to a branch of the Western Qiang people. In the 7th century A.D., Zagambo established a dynasty, which was called Tubo in Tang and Song Dynasties, Xifan in Yuan and Ming Dynasties, Uszang in Ming Dynasty and Tangut and Zangfan in Qing Dynasty. The Yuan Dynasty set up Sanxin Xuanwei Ambassador Department and Duyuan Yuanshuai Mansion in Tibet, and all Tibetan areas, including Tibet, were managed by the central government. It was not until the Kangxi period that it was called "Tibet", and the Tibetan title came from this. Tibet was peacefully liberated on 195 1. /kloc-the democratic reform in 0/959 ended the feudal serfdom here. Xizang Autonomous Region was founded on 1965. From 1950 to 1965, 12 Tibetan autonomous prefectures and counties were established successively. Tibetans have their own language and writing. Tibetan language belongs to the Tibetan branch of Sino-Tibetan language family of Tibeto-Burman language family, which is divided into three dialects: Weizang, Kangfang and Amdo. The present Tibetan language is phonography based on ancient Sanskrit and western languages in the early 7th century. From 10 century to 16 century, Tibetan culture flourished. The world's longest epic, The Biography of King Gesar, has been widely circulated in Tibet and Tibetan areas of Qinghai, Gansu, Sichuan and Yunnan for centuries. Epic describes and reflects the history of ancient Tibetan tribes in the form of rap, with more than one hundred poems and more than 700,000 lines. There are also two world-famous Buddhist books, Ganjul and Danjul. Colorful Tibetan costumes are located in the Potala Palace on the Red Mountain in Lhasa, the capital of Tibet. It is the highest palace complex in the world, with a height of 13 floors. It is famous for its architectural features, brilliant paintings, sculpture art and precious cultural relics. Tibetan opera is unique, and the songs and dances fully reflect the national style. Tibetan carving skills are superb. Offering Hada is the highest etiquette for Tibetan guests, expressing warm welcome and sincere respect to the guests. Hada is Tibetan, that is, scarf or silk scarf. Mainly white, but also light blue or light yellow, generally about 1.5 meters to 2 meters long and about 20 centimeters wide. The best is the colorful Hada in blue, yellow, white, green and red. Colorful Hada is the highest and most solemn ceremony used by Tibetans (such as Buddhism). According to Tibetan scholar Chi Lie Qu Zha's Tibetan Local Records, Hada was introduced to Tibet in the Yuan Dynasty. Tibetan His Holiness Sakya Basiba brought the first Hada when he met with Kublai Khan of Yuan Shizu and returned to Tibet. At that time, Hada was flanked by the design of the Great Wall of Wan Li, with the Chinese character "Good Luck" written on it. This shows that Hada was really invented by Han people. Tibetan medicine is an important part of China medicine. Tibetan medicine emphasizes processing technology, especially veterinary medicine. The medical works mainly include "Four Continuations of Medical Prescriptions". Arithmetic can predict solar eclipses and recent local weather. The Tibetan calendar is a combination of yin and yang, and the "five elements" (referring to wood, fire, earth, gold and water) cooperate with yin and yang. Every 60 years, the year of Yin Huo Rabbit (Ding Mao) is the first year, and there are buildings of different sizes in each month, which is generally three years. Tibetan New Year is the most important festival. On the 15th day of the first month of the Tibetan calendar, local people have the custom of watching butter sculpture lanterns. On April 15, people held celebrations to commemorate the birthday of the Buddha and the auspicious day for Princess Tang Wencheng to enter Tibet. Tibetan festivals include Sagadawa Festival, Xuedun Festival, Lantern Festival and Fruit Festival.

Tibetan festivals, Tibetans believe in Mahayana Buddhism, which absorbs some rituals and contents of this religion believed by Tibetan aborigines and forms "Tibetan Buddhism" with Tibetan color. Tibetans respect living buddhas and monks as teachers, and Tibetan is called Lama, so Tibetan Buddhism is also called Lamaism.