What is the chemical equation of industrial crude silicon?

The main chemical equation for industrial preparation of crude silicon is SiO2+2C → Si+2CO. In this equation, silicon dioxide (SiO2) reacts with carbon (C) at high temperature to produce silicon (Si) and carbon monoxide (CO).

1, reactant

Silica is a common source of silicon, which can be extracted from ore or prepared by other methods. Carbon is a common reducing agent, which can come from carbonaceous materials such as coal and coke.

2. Reaction conditions

The reaction needs to be carried out in a high temperature environment, usually in an electric furnace or a high temperature furnace. The temperature is usually between1500 C and 2000°C to promote the reaction.

3. Main products

The main products are crude silicon and carbon monoxide. Crude silicon is a polycrystalline or amorphous solid substance with good electrical conductivity and chemical stability. Carbon monoxide is a colorless and odorless toxic gas, which can be converted into carbon dioxide after further treatment in industry.

Method for industrially preparing crude silicon

1, carbothermal reduction method

The carbothermal reduction method described in the above chemical equation is the most commonly used method to prepare crude silicon. It takes silicon dioxide and carbon as raw materials and carries out reduction reaction at high temperature.

The gas phase method mainly produces crude silicon by reducing gaseous silicon source at high temperature. Common vapor deposition methods include chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and vapor transport (GTF).

2. Application fields of crude silicon

Crude silicon is an important raw material for preparing semiconductor materials, which is used to produce various electronic components and integrated circuits. Crude silicon is one of the main components of solar cells. High-purity silicon wafers are prepared by fine processing and purification of crude silicon. Crude silicon is used as deoxidizer and alloy additive in iron and steel smelting process to improve the quality and properties of steel.

3. Chemical industry

Crude silicon can be used to prepare a variety of organosilicon compounds, such as silicone rubber, silicone oil and silicone resin, which are widely used in chemical industry.