What is the working principle and voltage of BMW air conditioning warm water valve?

Cooling water circulation path size of cooling water: Temperature controller can make cooling water have three circulation paths: small circulation, large circulation and mixed circulation. \ x0d \ x0d \ 1。 Small cycle: When the water temperature of the engine is lower than 76℃, the main valve of the thermostat is closed and the bypass valve is opened to cut off the cooling water channel from the cylinder head to the radiator. Cooling water flows out of the cylinder head water jacket, enters the water pump through the thermostat bypass valve and bypass pipe, and is pumped to the cylinder head water jacket by the water pump. Because the cooling water will not dissipate heat through the radiator, the engine temperature will rise rapidly. This cycle is called a small cycle. \ x0d \ 2。 Large cycle: When the engine water temperature is higher than 86℃, the main valve of the thermostat is opened and the bypass valve is closed. All the cooling water enters the radiator from the main valve to dissipate heat, and the water temperature drops rapidly, and then it is pumped into the water jacket of the cylinder block by the water pump. This cycle is called the grand cycle. \ x0d \ 3。 Mixing cycle: when the water temperature is between 76℃ and 86℃, the main valve and bypass valve of the thermostat are partially opened. At this time, both large circulation and small circulation exist, and only a part of cooling water is dissipated by the radiator. Second, the working principle of wax constant temperature paraffin is solid at room temperature. When the water temperature is lower than 349K(76℃), the main valve is completely closed and the bypass valve is completely opened. The water from the cylinder head directly enters the water pump through the bypass pipe, so it is called small circulation. Because water only flows between the water pump and the water jacket, without passing through the radiator, and the flow rate is small and the cooling intensity is weak. \x0d\ When the water temperature of the engine reaches above 349K(76℃), paraffin gradually turns into liquid, and its volume increases, forcing the rubber tube to contract, thus generating upward thrust on the lower conical surface of the center rod. Because the upper end of the rod is fixed, the central rod generates downward reverse thrust to the rubber hose and the inductor, overcomes the spring tension and makes the main valve gradually open, and the opening of the bypass valve gradually decreases. \x0d\ Reason for installing warm water valve: \x0d\ If there is no valve, no matter whether the air conditioner is turned on in winter and summer or the warm air is turned on, as long as the engine works, the small water tank in the carriage will circulate more than 90 degrees of coolant. Winter is normal, because we need warm air. However, in summer, this is redundant, because there are still more than 90 degrees of things in the car to dissipate heat. It's already very hot outside, and if you radiate heat in the car, the temperature dropped by the air conditioner will definitely offset some of the heat emitted. You can stop after driving for a certain distance, touch the pipe above the throttle, and be careful not to burn your hands. Let's heat it up. This is just a water pipe, not a water tank. Many people can feel it. After driving for a long time, my right leg and the lower part of the central control feel hot. This wine is because the warm water tank is radiating heat.