Why can't I find the information about the Battle of Qiao Heng?

Huangqiao Campaign, also known as Huangqiao Incident, was a campaign launched by Subei Producer Party to the local National Revolutionary Army in order to expand the base area in June 1940. It is generally believed that the Huangqiao Incident was the cause of the Southern Anhui Incident. It is one of the most famous battles since the adaptation of the New Fourth Army. The target of this campaign was not the Japanese army or the puppet troops, but the main anti-Japanese army of Han Deqin, the general of the Anti-Japanese War who participated in the Xuzhou Battle, a member of the Kuomintang Central Committee and chairman of Jiangsu Province. At the Battle of Huangqiao, the New Fourth Army successfully occupied Jiangyan, and Li Shouwei, commander of the 89th Army of the National Revolutionary Army, was killed. The victory of Huangqiao decisive battle laid the overall situation of civil war in northern Jiangsu, and laid a solid foundation for realizing the strategy of "consolidating southward advance and fighting eastward and advancing northward" put forward by the CPC Central Committee.

After the New Fourth Army withdrew from Jiangyan, it handed Jiangyan to Erli, and Han Deqin became angry from embarrassment. At this time, part of the Eighth Route Army also went south to northern Jiangsu and eastern Anhui, forming a strategic situation of attacking Han Deqin from north to south with the New Fourth Army in Jiangbei. In order to survive, Han Deqin decided to recover the lost land of Huangqiao and destroy the New Fourth Army in Jiangbei to save the crisis. Han Deqin mobilized more than 30,000 people from 26 regiments, including its elite main force, and put pressure on the New Fourth Army in three ways. Its deployment is as follows: with the 89th Army of Li Shouwei and the 6th Brigade of Onda Independent, which are directly affiliated to Han Deqin, as the main forces, it operates Xixi, Xi Gu, Zushi Temple, Kerry (place name) and other places to attack the north and east of Huangqiao; With Li Mingyang, Li Changjiang and Chen Taiyun as the right wing and five security brigades as the left wing, they attacked the west and south of Huangqiao respectively to cover the security of the two wings of the Central Army. (But because Li Er and Chen Taiyun were pregnant with a second child in the campaign center, only1.5000 people actually participated in the war in the 89th Army of Han Deqin Headquarters. )

After the New Fourth Army withdrew from Jiangyan and handed over Erli, Su Yu visited the front line of Huangqiao to direct the campaign, and Chen Yi "always led the overall situation" in Yan Xuzhuang, about 20 kilometers west of Huangqiao. The operational plan of the battle of Huangqiao. According to various interests and subjective and objective conditions between the other party and us, Su Yu conceived the following three plans: "First, when Han Deqin attacked Huangqiao, we occupied Hai 'an with a main force. Second, before Han Deqin attacked our army, it first developed eastward with a force and controlled several counties (south) such as Tongru (Gao) Haimen (East), resulting in the situation of moving northward into Dongtai, and the main force was guarding the Huangqiao area. The third is to take offensive defense based on Huangqiao and annihilate the stubborn army in front of our fortifications. "

The headquarters of the New Fourth Army compared and discussed the above three schemes. The advantages of the first scheme are as follows: "Our army will attack Hai 'an and Dongtai with the main force, strive for the initiative militarily, surprise the enemy and win easily;" Their front-line forces are three times that of us and their weapons are more than ten times that of us. In this case, if you fight hard with them, you will definitely lose a lot, and taking Hai' an as the main force is a tactic to avoid reality and reduce losses. " Disadvantages: "If Han Deqin attacks Huangqiao with the main force, we will attack Hai 'an with the main force. Under the condition that the main force of the Korean army has not been annihilated, it will never be easy to capture Hai 'an, because although Hai 'an has fewer fortresses than Wei 'an, it is better equipped than Jiangyan and its fortifications are solid; If we can't capture Hai 'an and lose the Yellow Bridge, it will not only affect our morale and increase the arrogance of the other side, but also cause extremely bad influence among the masses. Perhaps the masses will think that the New Fourth Army is a guerrilla, not a base area or a rear area, and will leave for a long time, making it more difficult to mobilize the masses in the future; Our main attack on Hai 'an is the mobile warfare of a large corps. If we still resort to guerrilla warfare and provoke the rear, it will be very dangerous. "

Let's talk about the second plan first. The advantage is: "Eastward advance is sure of absolute victory, because there are few troops and weak combat effectiveness. If we hit them eastward, we can definitely win; It is a strategic victory to quickly turn the eastern region into a base area so as to connect with the periphery of Shanghai and Jiangnan. If we move eastward, Han Deqin will divide a force against us, and we will also divide a force to prevent us from moving northward into Dongtai. In this way, his troops will be dispersed and his lines of defense will be wide, which will help us fight; Regardless of manpower and material resources, it can be quickly replenished; After creating a new area in the east, it can form a corner with Huangqiao area in the west, echo each other, contain the enemy more effectively and gain strategic advantages. " But the downside is: "Before Han Deqin goes south, we will advance eastward first, which will be adversely affected politically;" Their troops in the east are the No.1 Public Security Brigade and No.5 Public Security Brigade, not Han Deqin's clique. After the Battle of Yingxi, a large security team sent representatives to join us and were willing to establish a United front with us. If we move eastward, they will definitely depend on Han Deqin to oppose us and hinder the development of our United front. I send people eastward, which will reduce the strength of Huangqiao, and Huangqiao may not be able to hold on; We can contain and disperse South Korea's troops by sending troops eastward, but if he makes up his mind to give up eastward, concentrate his troops on attacking Huangqiao and then retreat eastward after the attack, it will be bad for me. "

Therefore, under the comparison of interests, the New Fourth Army did not adopt the first and second plans. The advantage of the third scheme is: "With Huangqiao as the axis of attack and defense, we still have the initiative in the military. We can use the axis to turn left and right freely, and we can still use our troops freely; " We rely on Huangqiao to fight, which is completely self-defense and has sufficient political reasons. Not only the broad masses support us, but also the upper echelons will sympathize with and sponsor us, and even most officers and men of the stubborn army will be dissatisfied with their attacks. Fighting in Huangqiao can get strong support from the masses. After the war broke out, the masses actively participated in lifting the wounded soldiers and sent biscuits and pork to comfort them, which really helped our army a lot; Huangqiao area is quite far from the strongholds of the die-hards, and it takes about two days to get there. I can use his two days to find out more about the situation and take appropriate arrangements to make victory more certain, especially as their troops move forward and get farther and farther away from the rear, it is difficult to maintain traffic. If they send troops to maintain traffic, it will weaken the frontline troops, and the farther away from the rear, the more exposed the flank and rear, and the easier it is for us to attack. Because they are far away from the rear, it is easier to win after our surprise victory. As I said just now, the lesson of the Battle of Yingxi is that we fought too early, so the stubborn army returned to the tortoise shell before midnight. This time, it took at least two days for the stubborn army to go deep into Huangqiao. The troops were exhausted and could not come back for two days. In addition, in areas where we have the foundation of mass work, it is more difficult for them to retreat, and we can pursue and destroy them in a few days. We ceded Jiangyan and continued to cede strength, Xi Gu and demarcation line, which can certainly boost their morale, but their troops will be proud and negligent when they see us retreat without a fight, which gives us an opportunity to attack and surprise. In addition, because of our extensive political propaganda along the way, it will also affect their morale and make them gradually realize that they are unwilling to hit their own people. Sun Tzu's The Art of War says that it is this meaning to attack him unprepared and learn from him unprepared. "

After a detailed analysis of various factors, Su Yu ordered most of the main forces to ambush outside the city, leaving only a few troops guarding the city. Because Chen Yi and others made a lot of efforts to win Erli and Chen Taiyun before the decisive battle of Huangqiao, they remained neutral. So Erli only paused a little after receiving the order from Han Deqin. In addition, the security brigades of the Left Army are mostly rabble, and they are afraid of being wiped out, so they balk. Actually, Han Deqin is alone. This is beneficial for our army to divide and surround the middle route army of Li Shouwei and Onda, and to divide and conquer them one by one. The strategic deployment of the New Fourth Army is that the third column sticks to Huangqiao, the first and second columns are hidden on both sides of the enemy's main attack direction, and the first column adopts sports defense to lure the enemy into the front of our Huangqiao position, that is, attack on all fronts and destroy them one by one by dividing and encircling.

654381October 4 at 3 pm, the first column of the New Fourth Army in Gao Qiao and Zhoujiazhuang was divided into several sections by Han Deqin troops advancing from Guxi to Huangqiao via Gao Qiao, and it was found that this unit was indeed an independent sixth brigade. The unit was intercepted by the first column of the New Fourth Army, most of them were scattered, one was destroyed, and its17th regiment fled in the direction of Xi Gu. According to the above situation, the New Fourth Army ordered the first and second columns to take violent and resolute actions, quickly wiped out all the independent Sixth Brigade, and continued to go south before dusk, and still carried out a general attack on the Han Deqin Army east of Huangqiao at 12 o'clock in the evening. Make the third column continue to stick to the Yellow Bridge with all its strength, pay special attention to the east and west sides, prevent Han Deqin's army from taking advantage of the gap to sneak attack, and harass Han Deqin's army in the front direction of the fortifications with a few troops to prevent it from pouncing on the Yellow Bridge. After this disposal, the Han Deqin Army attacking Huangqiao was intercepted because of its independent sixth brigade, and its second echelon had no offensive ability. By dusk, most of the six independent brigades were annihilated by the first column of the New Fourth Army, and only the rest retreated to zhang jia zhuang and Bachigou in southwest Gao Qiao to fight back. The first column of the New Fourth Army was eager to panic in the remnants and failed to move south quickly.

65438+1At 6: 00 pm on October 4, all the first columns of the New Fourth Army were still entangled with the remnants of the Independent Sixth Brigade near Gao Qiao, while the second column was unknown after entering the splayed bridge. The 33rd Division of Han Deqin Army, east of Huangqiao, is gathering to prepare for the dawn assault on the 5th. Its second echelon (estimated to be 1 17 Division) has entered Xiguanzhuang and Liu Jiabao, trying to cooperate with the 33rd Division to storm Huangqiao for the third time at dawn the next day. According to the above situation, the New Fourth Army made the following treatment: On the evening of the 4th 12, the third column attacked the Han Deqin Army east of Huangqiao with two regiments to break its dawn general attack and cooperate with the New Fourth Army assault corps to attack the enemy; The first column handed over the remains of the independent sixth brigade besieged in zhang jia zhuang to the headquarters secret service battalion, and the main force of the column immediately went south, passing through Hejiaqiao and Taiping Bridge, and attacked Han Deqin Army and Yewuji in Liu Jiabao. After this disposal, the second column of the New Fourth Army entered the border at midnight on the 4th. After a short contact with the Han Deqin Army, it continued to attack Huangqiao from the border. The first column went south from Gao Qiao via the splayed bridge. The third column attacked by two regiments at about 2 am on the 5th, and Han Deqin's third general attack on the east of Huangqiao was broken again. However, because the first and second columns have not yet arrived at the eastern suburb of Huangqiao as scheduled, it is impossible to solve the Han Deqin army east of Huangqiao before the early morning of 5th as scheduled.

In order to reverse the unfavorable situation, Han Deqin army stormed Huangqiao desperately, and covered the troops with heavy artillery to attack the East Gate. Most of the fortifications of the New Fourth Army were destroyed and suffered heavy casualties. The 33rd Division of the 89th Army of Han Deqin Army launched a general attack with three regiments, one of which broke into the East Gate in the dust. At this point, the battle of Huangqiao entered the most tense stage. The garrison of the New Fourth Army is very limited and the situation is extremely critical. Su Yu knew that if Huang Qiao fell, the encirclement of the 89th Army would be broken. Without backup reinforcements, not only could the campaign task not be completed, but several columns would be divided by the enemy and forced to disperse their activities, resulting in a guerrilla situation with disastrous consequences. At the critical moment, he organized the "front finger" including the cook into a commando team and personally led the team to the east gate. He took the lead and set an example, which greatly encouraged the commanders and soldiers. At this time, news came that a main battalion of Jiangnan troops (the Second Battalion of the Old Four Regiment) ordered to reinforce had arrived in Jijia City, which is only 10 km away from Huangqiao. Su Yu shouted: "Comrades, Jiangnan reinforcements are coming!" Troops immediately morale, under the leadership of the column commander Tao Yong and column chief of staff Zhang Zhendong launched an impact on the enemy, and finally regained the East Gate.

Since then, the war situation has taken a very favorable turn: the first column of the New Fourth Army has been inserted into the eastern boundary from the eight-character bridge in the northeast of Huangqiao, the second column has been moved south from between the eight-character bridge and Huangqiao, and the third column guarding Huangqiao has completed the encirclement of Li Shouwei, which has entered the area east of Huangqiao. At this point, the New Fourth Army has fully grasped the initiative of the battlefield.

65438+1At 3 am on October 5, near Xiguanzhuang, east of Huangqiao, gunfire was very dense. The second column of the new fourth army has been copied from behind enemy lines, but the headquarters has not been contacted. Su Yu urged the second regiment of the third column to attack quickly to break the dawn attack of Han Deqin Army. After such disposal, the dawn general attack of Han Deqin Army failed again. Most of its 89th Army assembled in Dajiaozhuang, Xiaoerfangzhuang, Luojiazhuang, Hejiatang, he jia zhuang, Yewuji and Hujiabao in the northeast of Huangqiao, ready to pounce on Huangqiao or stick to aiding Vietnam. Under the above circumstances, Su Yu is determined to carry out the general assault in the afternoon for the 1st, 2nd and 3rd columns. 65438+1At 8 o'clock on the morning of October 5, the second column of the New Fourth Army has moved from the border to Liu Jiabao and Xiguanzhuang, and one of the columns has moved to Dajiaozhuang, making contact with the outpost of the third column. The first column has entered the area south of the splay bridge to confront the Han Deqin army. At this time, the headquarters of the New Fourth Army got the information that about eight regiments of Han Deqin Army reinforcements had entered a place not far northeast of Huangqiao. We originally planned to launch a general attack at dusk on1October 5. After getting the news, Chen Yi estimated that although there were no reinforcements from eight regiments of the Han Deqin Army, two or three regiments might be able to do so. In order to solve the face-to-face Han Deqin before Han Deqin's reinforcements arrive, they are determined to carry out the general attack as soon as possible. Su Yu ordered the Second Longitudinal Army to send troops to stop the enemy reinforcements in the boundary direction, and the main force quickly attacked the west. But it was too late to convey the order to the assault corps, so the following measures were taken: First, the third column pretended to attack the Han Deqin army east of Huangqiao with a small force, causing the Han Deqin army to counterattack and cause heavy artillery fire, which served as a contact signal between the New Fourth Army and the first and second columns. On the battlefield, gunfire is an order. The first column quickly went south when it heard gunshots, and the second column quickly went west when it heard gunshots. She stayed until 5, 1 1: 30, and Su Yu did all the third columns again. Under the all-round attack of the New Fourth Army, all the 33rd divisions of Han Deqin Army were shaken and routed, and most of them were annihilated under the assault of the second and third columns of the New Fourth Army. One of them broke through to the northeast and retreated to Yewuji and Hejiatang, close to its military headquarters and 1 17 division. The first column of the New Fourth Army has entered the east and north of Yewuji, fighting fiercely with the Han Deqin Army. By 5pm, Han Deqin Military Department and 1 17 Division were still sticking to the village near Yewuji, trying to wait for rescue or breakthrough after dusk. At 9 o'clock in the evening, most of the main forces of the Han Deqin Army have been solved by the New Fourth Army, and the whole battle can be said to be initially over.

Therefore, Su Yu immediately issued the following pursuit orders: "(1) Situation (omitted) (2) All ministries should try their best to capture Hai 'an, regardless of fatigue. (3) The pursuit tasks and routes are divided as follows: (1) The first column advances from the current site (Yewuji), passes through Baziqiao and Xi Gu, reaches Yingxi and Sunjiazhuang, passes through Hujiaji to Yanhe, and reaches Hai 'an in the west. (2) The second column starts from the current site (Hejiatang), passes through Taiping Bridge, Lujia Bridge south of Xi Gu, Xiaotatou Bridge, Huayuan Bridge and Zushi Temple, and advances from the south of Hai 'an to Hai 'an. (3) The third column crossed the border from the current site (Dajiaozhuang), passed and strengthened, moved to the east of Huayuan Bridge, crossed Yanhe River from the north of Chaiwan Town, and attacked the northeast of Hai 'an via Lifa Bridge, thus cutting off the retreat of stubborn troops in Hai 'an to the east. (4) Each department sends troops to clean up the battlefield and take in wounded soldiers. Most of the main forces should make rapid progress and arrive in Hai 'an on the morning of1October 6. (5) I follow the Central Column. "

On the morning of October 5th, 65438/KLOC-0, the New Fourth Army seized the telegram from the 33rd Division of Han Deqin Army, and learned that it requested the Korean Ministry to send a117th Division 70 1 regiment from Hai 'an to quickly cross the border to reinforce the Yellow Bridge. According to this telegram, Su Yu judged that 70 1 regiment of Han Deqin Army was still near Yingxi, and it was possible to reinforce Huangqiao via the demarcation line. However, if the regiment learns that the 33rd Division has been eliminated, it is also possible to retreat to Yingxi and Hai 'an. Therefore, Su Yu ordered the pursuers to annihilate the 70 1 regiment on the periphery of Hai 'an, and not to retreat to Hai 'an, so as to facilitate the New Fourth Army to capture Hai 'an. However, on the evening of 5th, the troops of the New Fourth Army were exhausted, and the enemy who retreated to the wild house base could not be completely solved. On the morning of 6th, the task of occupying Hai 'an could not be realized. At dawn on16, 65438, the pursuers pursued Hai 'an from the vicinity of Baziqiao, Yewuji and Huangqiao, and seized the opportunity to annihilate the 89th Army. Li Shouwei, the commander of the army, fled in panic and fell into the ditch. Han Deqin saw that the defeat was set, and in desperation, he led the areas to flee to Xinghua. On the afternoon of 6th, we began to March near Yingxi, and the second column of the New Fourth Army got in touch with Han Deqin Army near Yingxi. The fighting lasted for three or four hours and remained unresolved. Although the situation is unknown at this time, it is estimated that the Ministry must be 70 1 group. So, Su Yu decided to solve the enemy of Yingxi with the second column, and quickly dispatched the first column. Its vanguard troops crossed the Yanhe River from Sunjiazhuang Hujiaji and really occupied Hai 'an on the morning of June 7th, 10. The third column is still carrying out the original route.

19401October 3 to 10/October 6, Su Yu commanded the New Fourth Army to fight many times, and * * * annihilated more than eleven thousand people in Han Deqin. Li Shouwei, commander of the 89th Army, drowned, several brigade commanders of the 6th Independent Brigade, including Onda, were killed, and Sun Qiren, commander of the 33rd Division, and the 99th Brigade were captured. More than 3,800 long and short guns, light and heavy machine guns 189, 3 mountain guns, 59 mortars and a large amount of ammunition were seized.