A brief analysis of the environmental design and new regional culture of Lingnan residential areas
A brief analysis of the environmental design and new regional culture of Lingnan residential areas
The study of the external environmental design of Lingnan residential areas must be placed in the social environment and regional cultural system of Lingnan and the era in which it operates. In the background, we pay attention to the unity of opposition between its regionality and the times, that is, in the context of the traditional regional culture of Lingnan, combined with the information of the new era, we create. Only by designing the external environment of residential areas rooted in the cultural soil of Lingnan and constantly tapping into the local spirit can the external environmental design culture of Lingnan residential areas be dynamically continued in the regional renewal and create a better living and living environment. .
1. Regional cultural issues in the environmental design outside Lingnan residential areas
The basis of regional culture is that under specific historical conditions, various ethnic groups and regions have The unique cultural characteristics developed in a relatively closed state and the materialization of regional culture in buildings and cities are the external manifestations of regional cultural personality.
As the Lingnan region with rapid economic development in China, the establishment of regionality in the modern sense is no longer simply derived from traditional cultural accumulation. External factors have increasingly affected its development, including politics. , economy, society, and foreign culture will all promote new changes in regionality. The evolution of regionality has accelerated with the increase in the speed of information dissemination. In today's increasingly globalized world economy, people's basic necessities of life have moved closer to internationalization in all aspects. At the same time, the increasing interactivity of the spatial environment has also caused the traditional regional characteristics originally associated with specific regions to begin to break away. Regional and material restrictions show the trend of global flow, and regionality itself restores the flow and blending characteristics of culture, resulting in the phenomenon of global collage of different regional cultures. However, some of the disadvantages caused by this have not been effectively curbed. In the design of the environment outside the residential area, they are reflected in the superficial imitation of European style, the neglect of traditional culture and local characteristics, the abandonment of local materials and local technologies, and the neglect of the overall settlement. Indifference to the environment and other phenomena.
In view of this, as one of the designers of the human settlement environment, it is necessary for environmental art designers to promote a dialectical attitude towards the issues of globalization and localization, and to see both globalization and regionalism. The contradictory side of the two, but also the emerging characteristics of the two. Only by examining specific regional characteristics from the perspective of understanding the social and cultural background that formed regionality and establishing a new connection between the global and the regional can it be more conducive to the formation and development of contemporary regionalism.
It is foreseeable that there will be a situation where a certain mainstream culture and multiple regional cultures will exist for a long time around the world. In the spatial environment design of residential areas, the performance of mainstream design culture is not static. The collision and integration of multiple design cultures are the driving force for the replacement of mainstream design culture and the greater value of regional culture. Based on this understanding of regional culture, the development, renewal, and exchange of Lingnan regional culture are crucial to the survival of specific regional cultures or the health of the world's cultural ecology.
In current environmental art design, traditional regional cultural slogans are shouted loudly, but they have not been substantially established. Instead, they show more of a weak culture and its own characteristics. , under the influence of various social factors, especially strong culture, it is often easy to be ignored and lose cultural recognition. On the other hand, in the design, the traditional regional culture is too symbolic, patterned, and superficial, and the spiritual connotation has not been fully explored and deeply expressed. Such traditional regional culture has even been lost and changed in environmental design.
New regionalism is relative to traditional regionalism. The new regionalism is a counterattack against the trend of globalization. It focuses on a specific region and culture, pays attention to daily life and real and familiar life trajectories, extracts the more essential things in culture, and is committed to expressing local culture with advanced concepts and technologies, so that the architecture and the local area where it is located Society maintains a close and continuous relationship.
2. The unique characteristics of the traditional regional environment in the Lingnan region and the characteristics of new regionalism
1. The unique characteristics of the traditional regional environment in the Lingnan region Traditional regional environmental system Rooted in the similar natural environment and historical background, the traditional regional environment in the Lingnan region has the following unique characteristics:
(1) Buildings in the same region have similarities in individual forms and the unity of the overall environment. Lingnan is located in the subtropics, with a relatively hot climate and a long rainy season. Due to the limitations of the natural and social conditions of Lingnan's traditional society, the ventilation and heat insulation requirements of buildings in Lingnan residential areas are very high. The interior of the building pays attention to the organization of cross-ventilation to form a favorable microclimate and architectural color Mostly bright and elegant. Individual buildings often use the same shape, materials, tones and artistic techniques. This similarity maintains a harmonious relationship between Lingnan architecture and the environment. In traditional agricultural practice, people's production and life trajectories change according to the laws of nature, and social productivity as a whole cannot exceed the limitations of natural forces, which determines the awe and respect for nature in traditional regional environmental views.
(2) People in the same region generally hold similar views on the environment, that is, regionally specific aesthetics, values, evaluation criteria, psychological orientation, etc. This is a kind of consciousness that people have achieved psychologically during the long-term development of the traditional regional living environment. Differences in ideology, ethics, aesthetic concepts, folk customs and other aspects have their own characteristics of thousands of years of traditional culture. Accumulation, has the unique value trend of this region, and subtly affects their real life.
(3) The construction organization, construction procedures, technology and craftsmanship level of human settlement environment construction in the same area are basically the same. Traditional ancient craftsmen relied on firewood to inherit architectural knowledge and skills, which was the main reason for the regionalization of building construction and technology. Concepts, technology, and art have restricted the creation of new human settlement environments, making it difficult to break away from the shackles of the traditional regional environment construction model and achieve a qualitative leap.
2. Characteristics of New Regionalism Regionality is not just the concept of location and region, it includes natural environmental conditions such as climate, soil, vegetation, resources, etc., as well as the humanistic spirit formed in the long-term historical development. These factors profoundly affect human survival style and living environment. Compared with traditional regionalism, the new regional environmental system should have the ability to self-organize, adapt, and self-repair.
(1) The new regional environmental system is open, that is, the new regional environmental system has the function of constantly exchanging material, energy, and information with the external environment, which is reflected in the interaction between the system and the external environment. The value and meaning of existence.
(2) The new regional environment system should be compatible. In today's diversified world, globalization and regionalization, traditional culture and modern civilization, science and technology and traditional handicrafts are phenomena that cannot be ignored. This requires the new regional environmental system to accommodate these contradictory factors and form a whole.
(3). The new regional environmental system has diversified nature. That is to say, the new regional culture is not narrow exclusivism, but on the basis of maintaining its own characteristics, it actively develops and integrates with foreign cultures. From the perspective of sustainable development, the human settlement environment itself is an open system, and a diverse environmental system is more vital and dynamic than a single environmental system.
The new regionalism is a reflection on the trend of globalization. Local culture should be integrated into environmental art design, serve regional senses, and pay attention to life trajectories. These initially triggered our thinking about local cultural design. We are exploring new regionalism and how to use "abstraction" methods to extract traditional elements and concepts and integrate them into our modern spatial environment.
3. The new regional nature of Lingnan residential area environmental art design In the Lingnan residential area environmental design, the constituent elements of the new regional culture include:
Material composition and spiritual culture composition , the two are inseparable, the spiritual connotation is reflected through material elements, and the material elements are more unique through spiritual connotation. Different design styles formed in different regions are inseparable. New regionalism mainly reflects the local ethnic characteristics formed by the local human geography environment and traditional culture, as well as the aesthetic orientation of local people. Different design styles must have distinctive characteristics. Regional color.
Specifically, the new regional nature of Lingnan residential environment is mainly reflected in the following aspects:
1. The spiritual characteristics of the new regional culture in the environmental design of Lingnan residential areas
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(1). The new regional culture in the environmental design of Lingnan residential areas has the characteristics of respecting and continuing the regional historical context. Residential areas are people's destination. Integrating the residential environment into the regional tradition can enhance the sense of belonging and strong local characteristics. Since ancient times, the residential environment as a human life has local characteristics, reflects a kind of spiritual culture, and is loved by local people. As far as the Lingnan region is concerned, Yuan Confucian culture is the most incisive interpretation of Lingnan culture, that is, secular culture. It is the mainstream of Lingnan culture. The practicality of space in the Lingnan garden environment and the integrated design of the garden and house are its manifestations. In the same Lingnan area, Guangfu folk houses are different from Chaoshan, and Hakka folk houses are different from those in western Guangdong. There are obvious differences in layout, shape and furniture furnishings. This is due to their culture. Influenced by background, lifestyle, local hobbies and other reasons. Drawing on regional traditions and absorbing their essence is conducive to improving our cultural taste in residential environment art design.
(2). The new regional culture in the environmental design of Lingnan residential areas has the characteristics of learning and integrating. It not only absorbs the essence of traditional Chinese gardens, but also adopts the techniques of Western gardens. Modern Lingnan culture is not only rich in regional color, but also pragmatic, focusing on realistic sensory enjoyment and physical and mental entertainment, highlighting its characteristics of newness, reality, liveliness, change, vigor, breadth, and openness.
(3). The new regional culture in the environmental design of Lingnan residential areas has the aesthetic pursuit of "harmony without difference". The harmony, integration and complementation of heterogeneous built environment cultures include both the recognizability of individual buildings and the harmonious unity of environmental groups. The new regional culture in the environmental design of Lingnan residential areas more embodies the value orientation of Lingnan region's practicality, pioneering and innovation, reflects the cultural psychology of openness and integration, and follows the good, showing a fresh and natural aesthetic that is in line with the environment. ideal.
2. The material composition of new regional culture in the environmental design of Lingnan residential areas. The environmental design of Lingnan residential areas includes the design of many constituent elements such as planning layout, architectural design, greening design, sketch design, and facility design. This Each of these elements more or less reflects regional cultural characteristics.
(1) Planning, layout and architectural design of new regional culture in the environmental design of Lingnan residential areas. On the basis of traditional design, the planning, layout and architectural design of Lingnan residential area should pay more attention to residential areas. The multifunctionality, ambiguity, and plurality of external environmental space and the multidimensionality and compatibility of space and time. Through simulation technology, we can simulate scenarios and quantify local natural conditions, so as to truly make use of its advantages and avoid its disadvantages.
In the current residential environment, high-rise residential buildings have replaced the previous courtyard houses. In the design, the first floor can be elevated as much as possible or used as public land, which can reduce the noise of the first-floor residences. , moisture, safety and other issues, it can also connect the adjacent environmental green spaces on both sides with each other, strengthen the ecological continuity of the residential environment, organically combine the soft green landscape and the hard landscape of the building, improve the environment of the overhead layer, and provide outdoor space for residents The event provides an ideal place to avoid rain, ventilation and air dispersion.
(2) The new regional culture in the environmental design of Lingnan residential areas emphasizes the principles of native plant planting and biodiversity. The Lingnan area is less affected by the Quaternary continental glaciers, and is rich in light, heat, Water conditions, therefore there are evergreen forests composed of rich tropical and subtropical flora and rich native plants. They are an important symbol of the Lingnan regional landscape. They also play a role in improving the urban climate and maintaining water balance. On the other hand, many fruits, flowers and crops have been introduced from overseas since ancient times, such as pineapple, custard apple, papaya, grapefruit, tomato, jasmine, etc. After long-term domestication and cultivation, these varieties have become important cultivated crops with rich Lingnan characteristics. Therefore, the environmental greening of Lingnan residential areas is extremely malleable.
(3) The embodiment of waterscape culture in the environmental design of Lingnan residential areas. The Lingnan regional environment is water-based and has abundant water resources. Lingnan people are very particular about Feng Shui, and their residences often rely on water. There have been various patterns of water management in the Lingnan residential environment since ancient times: ponds, waterfalls, springs, lake views, inlets and other forms. The key to expressing the beauty of water lies in water management.
Mr. Zhou, a garden selector, said in "Speaking of Gardens": "The water bends due to the bank, and the water separates due to the embankment." "A large garden attaches great importance to water, and the most beautiful key lies in the level of the water." "The water used in the garden is mainly quiet." , fully illustrates the principle of garden water management, which is very important. When the water gathers, it becomes vast and has the feeling of a vast ocean; when the water disperses, it becomes mysterious and has the meaning of inexhaustibility.
(4) In the environmental design of Lingnan residential areas, the use of new regional culture materials is based on local materials and adapted to local conditions, which is a direct and effective way to reflect regional characteristics. The Lingnan area has many characteristic materials, but in today's modern society where the energy crisis is increasingly apparent, designers must not only use local materials, but also use local materials innovatively. This is also an important feature of the new regional culture's sustainable development concept. , through reasonable and innovative design, a win-win situation for economy and culture can be achieved.
(5). In the environmental design of Lingnan residential areas, the new regional culture pursues the harmony of architecture, gardening, sketches and facilities. The environmental design of Lingnan residential areas must always pay attention to the coordination and perfect synthesis of these elements, and further deepen and improve the design of planning and architecture, expand the order of places, skillfully borrow from nature, blend with nature, enrich places, and excavate and endow specific residences Only by focusing on the unique concepts and spirit of the specific environment of the area and pursuing the maximization of natural, social and economic benefits can we show the characteristics of the new regional culture and meet the needs of modern life.
IV. Conclusion New regional culture is dynamic and constantly developing. It is gradually accumulated through continuous innovation and continuous absorption.
Regional culture is not a fixed model, nor is it just a "cultural heritage". Regarding the residential environment design in the Lingnan area, only by creatively developing regional culture can we maintain the charm of the nation.
The new regional culture is not blindly nostalgic and retro. It should be actively supported by the continuous development of modern science and technology and combined with the development trend of future world civilization, pay attention to absorbing the excellent traditions of regional environmental culture, and strive to pursue traditional culture The integration point with modern lifestyle, constantly explore the combination of traditional aesthetic consciousness and modern aesthetic consciousness, more rationally analyze the regional characteristics of Lingnan area, use its strengths, avoid its weaknesses, and summarize a more scientific and appropriate Methods of constructing human settlement environment.
V. References
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