How to breed asparagus?
1, breeding method
Propagation by ramets: when changing pots in spring, asparagus plants with dense growth for 3-5 years are selected for propagation by ramets. Divide the clustered stems and roots into 2-3 clusters with a sharp knife, so that each cluster contains 3-5 buds, and then plant them in pots respectively. When dividing plants, the root system should be damaged as little as possible. Water the plants after splitting, put them in a semi-shady place, and pay attention to moisturizing and shading. Water should be properly controlled in the future, otherwise it will easily cause yellow leaves.
Sowing and propagation: the mature berries of asparagus are purple-black, and the life span of asparagus seeds is very short. After collecting seeds, we should immediately deal with sowing. The treatment method is to soak them in water for several hours, remove the pulp and wash them, and then immediately sow them in flowerpots or seedbeds. Mix seedbed soil or potted soil with 5 parts of organic soil, 3 parts of garden soil and 65,438+0 parts of decomposed fertilizer. After sowing, cover it with a layer of fine soil. If you can't see the seeds, pour enough water.
2. Pot soil preparation: The pot soil for asparagus cultivation should be fertile sandy loam with rich humus and good drainage. Generally, it can be prepared according to the ratio of 4 parts of garden soil, 2 parts of humus soil, 2 parts of compost soil and sand 1 part, and the soil should be changed and fertilized regularly. If excessive fertilization causes fertilizer damage "watering the roots", it is necessary to pour out the pots to remove fertilizer, wash the cultivated soil with clear water, and then replace it with new soil for cultivation.
3. Selection of planting flowerpots
It is best to choose pottery pots or purple sand pots for planting asparagus. The newly bought flowerpot has to be soaked in water for a few days before it can be used. The diameter of the flowerpot is above 15cm.
4. On the washbasin
Cover the drain hole at the bottom of the basin with a broken basin, and then add coarse sand, fine sand and culture soil. When the seedlings grow to a height of 5-7 cm and have 5-6 leaves, they are transplanted into a pot with a diameter of 15cm for culture, covered with moss for moisturizing, and gradually exposed to sunlight after ten days in the pot.
5. Daily management
Water and fertilizer management: In daily management, watering is the key. Asparagus is not tolerant to drought and flood, so the soil in the basin is required to be dry and wet, but the air should be kept moist. When the weather is dry, spray water on the leaves and around the basin. Asparagus leaves turn yellow when it is dry for a long time, and rot when it is wet for a long time, which makes the leaves turn yellow and fall off. Water every 2-3 days in spring and autumn. In summer, the basin is dry, so water it once every morning and evening. It's best to dry the basin soil a little in winter. During the growth of asparagus, apply thin fertilizer once a month, and stop applying fertilizer in Xia Dong season.
Lighting and temperature management: the climate is mild in spring and autumn, and the sunshine will not be too strong. Asparagus can be placed in outdoor scattered light. Summer will move to the shade to avoid direct sunlight, and winter will move indoors before the first frost solar terms. In the cold season, when the room temperature is below 0℃, plants can be covered with plastic bags to avoid freezing, but the time cannot be too long. Generally speaking, as long as the temperature rises above 3℃, the bag can be removed. Turn the pot and change the soil every 2-3 years.
6. Plastic surgery
In order to keep asparagus branches and leaves distinct, green and delicate, it is necessary to carry out plastic pruning in time and reasonably.
Asparagus shoots sown for one year will not grow new climbing stems, and generally do not need pruning, just need to be properly tied, mainly to strengthen the management of their natural growth. After two years of growth, asparagus began to grow new stems, so it can be treated differently according to needs. It can be made to climb and grow, or it can be trimmed and shaped. Pruning and shaping mainly involves pruning the old stems at different heights, so that new branches and leaves will emerge from the upper leaf base, resulting in different levels of shaping effects.
In order to ensure that asparagus plants grow well and have beautiful shapes, the dense branches, dead branches and weak branches should be cut off during the growth process, which is conducive to ventilation and light transmission, and growth and appreciation.