What is the relationship between geographical location and temperature?

It decreases from low to high latitudes, so isotherms are generally parallel to parallels. The temperatures of oceans and land at the same latitude are different. The summer isotherm bulges toward high latitudes on land and bulges toward low latitudes in the ocean. Cities in the northern hemisphere have cooler temperatures as you go north, while cities in the southern hemisphere have cooler temperatures as you go south.

Chinese climatologists have done a lot of research on the division of China's climate zones. In 1959, the Natural Zoning Working Committee of the Chinese Academy of Sciences divided eastern China into six climate zones based on temperature indicators: equatorial, tropical, subtropical, warm temperate, temperate, and cold temperate.

The "Climate Atlas of the People's Republic of China" (1979) divides eastern China into the southern, central and northern tropical zones, the southern, central and northern subtropical zones and the southern, central and northern temperate zones 9 climate zone.

Extended information:

1. Latitudes and climate

Draw a large circle perpendicular to the earth's axis in the middle of the earth, so that every point on the circle is in line with the north and south When the distance between the two poles is equal, the circle is called the "equator". On the north and south sides of the equator, draw many circles parallel to the equator, which are "circles of latitude"; the line segments that make up these circles are called lines of latitude.

It is defined as the angle between a line connecting a point on the earth to the center of the sphere and the equatorial plane. We define the equator as zero degrees of latitude, and 90 degrees to the south and north. Those south of the equator are called southern latitudes, and those north of the equator are called northern latitudes.

The North Pole is 90 degrees north latitude, and the South Pole is 90 degrees south latitude. The height of latitude also marks the hot and cold climate. For example, there is no winter in the equator and low latitudes, no summer in the poles and high latitudes, and four distinct seasons in the mid-latitudes.

2. Natural factors of temperature

In addition to the periodic changes caused by changes in solar radiation, the temperature in a certain place also has non-periodic changes caused by the movement of the atmosphere. . The change in actual temperature is the result of the simultaneous effects of these two aspects. If the former has a large effect, the temperature will show periodic changes; on the contrary, it will show non-periodic changes.

However, judging from the general trend and most situations, the periodicity of diurnal and annual changes in temperature is still dominant. Each component of the heat balance, such as radiation difference, latent heat and sensible heat exchange, is affected by different control factors. These factors such as latitude, season and other astronomical factors have obvious zonal and periodic characteristics.

The nature of the underlying surface, the height of the terrain, and weather conditions, such as cloud cover, atmospheric dryness and humidity, etc., all have non-zonal characteristics. At the same time, the influence of these factors is also different in different locations, so the temperature distribution caused by changes in the heat budget is also uneven.

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