Discussion on design difficulties and countermeasures of building HVAC engineering?
1 analysis of design difficulties of building HVAC engineering
1. 1 Difficulties in the design scheme of building HVAC engineering. When drawing up the design scheme of building HVAC engineering, designers have paid insufficient attention to the design scheme for a long time, and most of their energy is concentrated on the building and structure, which also leads to the lack of scientificity and rationality of the design scheme of building HVAC engineering and affects the overall comfort of building engineering. When designing HVAC engineering, it is necessary to comprehensively consider all aspects of building engineering. For HVAC engineering design, it has strong professionalism. In order to ensure the rationality and feasibility of HVAC engineering design, it is necessary to conduct on-the-spot investigation on the construction site of the building project and design the corresponding HVAC engineering in combination with the specific structure of the building project. Once the HVAC project does not match the structural type of the building, there will be many discrepancies between the preliminary design of the scheme and the construction drawing, resulting in the need to temporarily adjust the HVAC project design scheme during the construction process. Because of the change of equipment location, it is necessary to redefine the shape of building scheme, which will not only greatly affect the rationality and scientificity of building structure design, but also delay the construction progress, increase the project budget, and also cause HVAC designers to do a lot of repetitive work, which will greatly affect their work efficiency.
1.2 Difficulties in HVAC load design of buildings. In building HVAC design, we must attach great importance to the problems existing in load design. In the process of load design, the accuracy of calculation results may be affected by factors such as the level of calculator and the rationality of calculation method. Once the calculation result is wrong, it will inevitably have a big deviation from the actual data, which will not only have a great impact on the construction quality of HVAC engineering, but also greatly increase the construction cost of HVAC engineering.
1.3 air conditioning system selection difficulties. With the continuous improvement of Chinese people's requirements for building comfort, the indoor air quality of building engineering becomes more and more important. Only by choosing a suitable air conditioning system can indoor air quality meet people's comfort requirements. However, when choosing air conditioning system, designers often make a single choice of air conditioning system because of their poor innovation ability, which also makes the choice of air conditioning system in building engineering often have many unreasonable points. For example, when selecting air conditioning system in building engineering, double-pipe system is mainly used, which is very single in backwater temperature and cold and heat sources, and can not effectively ensure the indoor air quality of buildings, thus it is difficult to meet people's comfort requirements for building engineering. Therefore, we must take corresponding countermeasures to solve it.
1.4 Difficulties in pipeline layout of HVAC engineering. In the design of building HVAC engineering, the rationality of pipeline layout will directly affect the use effect of the whole HVAC engineering. However, the designer did not fully consider the building structure and wall when designing the pipeline, which led to unreasonable pipeline layout and even pipeline conflict. The reason of pipeline conflict is that the HVAC engineering system is complex and involves many different pipelines. In addition, HVAC projects, whether water pipes or air pipes, are large and intertwined, which need to be considered comprehensively, otherwise it will inevitably lead to pipeline conflicts. Therefore, the pipeline layout of HVAC engineering is a major difficulty in its design work. 1.5 Difficulties in setting fire dampers when air ducts pass through deformation joints. In the design of building HVAC engineering, when the air duct passes through the deformation joint, the reasonable setting of fire damper has also become a major difficulty. According to the code for fire protection of high-rise buildings in China, fire dampers must be installed when air ducts pass through deformation joints. At present, many building heating and ventilation projects do not seriously implement and implement this regulation in the design process, which greatly affects the fire prevention ability of building projects.
2 solutions to the design difficulties of building HVAC engineering
2. 1 Formulate a reasonable HVAC engineering design scheme. In the design of building HVAC project, in order to ensure the rationality and feasibility of its design scheme, the following countermeasures need to be taken in the design process: First, before designing HVAC scheme, the use requirements of building project should be fully considered and the relevant design specifications should be strictly implemented, so that the HVAC design scheme can effectively meet the use requirements of the project; Secondly, in order to ensure that the HVAC design scheme is reasonable, in the process of scheme design, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive and serious analysis of the relevant construction machinery and equipment in the construction process of building HVAC engineering, which can not only consider the economy of the equipment, but also ensure the practicability of the equipment. Try to use advanced equipment to improve the construction efficiency while ensuring the construction quality of HVAC engineering; Thirdly, designers should also conduct a comprehensive and serious review of the HVAC design scheme, find out the problems in the design scheme in time, and make improvements and adjustments in time to ensure the rationality and scientificity of the HVAC design scheme.
2.2 Accurately calculate the load capacity of HVAC. Aiming at the difficulty of unreasonable overhead load design of HVAC, it needs to be summarized that the rapid development of China's economy has significantly improved people's living standards, and at the same time people have put forward higher requirements for the comfort of residential buildings. The following countermeasures should be taken: first, HVAC designers should obtain the relevant information of doors, windows, roofs, external walls and other materials of building engineering before designing building HVAC engineering, and accurately calculate the HVAC load of building engineering in combination with the use requirements of building HVAC engineering; Secondly, designers need to keep close contact with building owners and relevant management personnel to ensure that they can grasp the design changes of building projects in real time, so as to adjust the design scheme of HVAC projects and accurately calculate the HVAC load according to the adjusted scheme; Thirdly, when calculating HVAC load, designers need to select and set reasonable parameters according to the actual requirements of construction projects to ensure the accuracy and reliability of HVAC load calculation.
2.3 Make necessary adjustments and improvements to the air conditioning system. When choosing the HVAC system of a building, the following work needs to be done: First, designers need to strengthen communication with the owners when formulating the HVAC design scheme, so as to determine the indoor air quality required by the building project in time and accurately; Secondly, when selecting air conditioning system, we should combine the building form, temperature and humidity requirements, climate type of the building environment, the use function of HVAC, the use time and the noise requirements of HVAC in the use process to ensure the reasonable selection of air conditioning system. For example, the construction project is located in the hot area of Leng Xia in winter, which needs cooling in summer and heating in winter. At this time, when selecting the air conditioning system, you can use the cold water host dual system and the air-cooled heat pump, which can not only meet the cooling and heating needs of the building, but also reduce energy consumption.
2.4 Attach great importance to the pipeline layout in HVAC engineering. In view of the possible pipeline conflicts in HVAC engineering design, designers should focus on the overall situation, comprehensively analyze and understand the application characteristics of HVAC system, and adjust the pipeline layout position according to the layout of air conditioning room, smoke exhaust shaft, fan room and air supply shaft in the building. In the process of pipeline design, avoid turning as much as possible, which is conducive to reducing the overlap and intersection of pipelines. Designers can also use bim technology to help design pipeline layout, which can effectively avoid pipeline conflicts.
2.5 When the air duct passes through the deformation joint, a fire damper shall be set reasonably. When designing HVAC projects, designers must strictly abide by the relevant provisions in the Code for Fire Protection Design of Buildings in China, and combine the actual situation of construction projects to judge whether it is necessary to set fire dampers when air ducts pass through deformation joints. If a fire partition wall, fire shutter or fire partition has been set at the deformation joint, a fire damper must be set, and vice versa.
In a word, there are many design difficulties in building HVAC engineering design in China, such as HVAC load design, selection of appropriate air conditioning system, possible pipeline conflicts in pipeline design, etc. These design difficulties need designers' close attention. In order to ensure the effective solution of these design difficulties and give full play to the role of HVAC engineering, we must formulate corresponding solutions to solve these design difficulties. Only in this way can we ensure the normal use of HVAC engineering and save energy consumption, thus creating a comfortable, safe, low-carbon and environmentally friendly office and living environment for our people.
I believe that after the above introduction, everyone has a certain understanding of the design difficulties and countermeasures of building HVAC engineering. Welcome to Zhong Da for more information.
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