Miscellaneous Talk about Cui Xin’s Promulgated Imperial Monument of the Tang Dynasty

? Recently, I was sorting through old photos and saw two photos of my father and me in front of the monument of Cui Xinxuan of the Tang Dynasty. It reminded me of the monument of Cui Xin of the Tang Dynasty established by my father Li Jianshu for the Dunhua Municipal Government. The past story of writing the inscription on the Xinxuan Imperial Monument. The inscription carries the humanistic memory of the Bohai Kingdom 1,300 years ago.

Three kilometers away from the southern suburbs of Dunhua City, my hometown in Jilin Province, there are six rolling peaks arranged in order from low to high. People call them "Six-Ding Mountains", with the main peak at the west end of the mountain. . In the mountain col on the south side of Liuding Mountain are the tombs of the early royal family and nobles of the Bohai Kingdom. Among them, the tomb of Princess Zhenhui, the second daughter of the third generation king of Bohai Daqinmao, is the most famous. Many cultural relics were unearthed in the tomb, the most valuable of which are a tombstone and a pair of The stone lions have attracted domestic and foreign archaeologists and history enthusiasts to investigate and visit. As early as March 4, 1961, they were announced by the State Council as one of the first batch of key cultural relics protection units in the country.

When I returned to my hometown in the autumn of 2001, my father offered to take me to Liuding Mountain to see it. I happily agreed. Although Liuding Mountain is located in the southern suburbs of the city, I have never been there often. When I was a child, it was relatively far away. I could only see it from a distance when passing by Xinjiang Bridge. Later, after graduating from high school, I left my hometown. If you study and work in other places, you will have even fewer opportunities to go to Liuding Mountain.

? One morning, my father and I rode our bicycles all the way south. After crossing the river bridge leading to Liuding Mountain, we walked forward for a while and turned west to a dirt road in the fields. , and after a while, ride along the mountain road to Liuding Mountain in the south.

? The early autumn wind gently blew the fields, white clouds were floating in the sky, and the rolling mountains in the distance looked like rolling waves. Both sides of the mountain road are covered with green crops, which are shining brightly. Rows of corn stalks stand vigorously on the ground, with clusters of yellow or brown tassels on top of the corn stalks. The long, bright green leaves sway in the wind, making a rustling sound. A rustling sound. My father, who has done extensive research on traditional Chinese medicine, told me that corn silk seeds can treat kidney disease and some can be picked as medicinal materials.

After climbing a hillside, there was a burst of rumbling sounds of trains. I saw a small train coming from west to east, with black smoke coming out of the locomotive chimney, dragging the connected trains. The flatbed car passed by on the railway below, and the whistle of the train echoed in the valley. Several fellow villagers were sitting on the flatbed car in the middle, with some bulging bags beside them. I was very curious, so I asked my father where the train came from. My father told me that it was a small train that came from Gouli Forest Farm. People there took the small train to go to the market or do errands. The small train track was It was built by the Japanese in order to plunder mountain forest resources.

When I returned to Dunhua a few years later, I heard that the train lines had been demolished. I felt very sorry. If the small railway is left behind, it can not only serve as a witness to history, but can also be developed and used as a tourism resource. It may attract many tourists to experience the fun of the small train traveling through the winding mountains and feel the rich and colorful scenery contained in the mountains in spring, summer, autumn and winter. world.

? My father and I continued to ride along the mountain path. After turning a hill, we walked a short distance east. My father motioned for me to park the car on the side of the road and took me towards the hillside. I walked over and pointed to a place enclosed by an iron fence and told me that it was the location of the tomb of Princess Zhenhui. I approached the railing and looked at a stone tablet with the tomb of Princess Zhenhui written on it. The surrounding area was covered with grass. This was my first I once saw the tomb of Princess Zhenhui. This ancient relic connects the long history and accumulates the passing figure of a kingdom.

My father and I rode our bikes for a while and saw a two-meter-high stone tablet standing on the side of the road. On the front of the stone tablet were written the words "Cui Xinxuan Imperial Cup of the Tang Dynasty". Big characters, which were inscribed by the famous calligrapher Tang Jieming.

My father showed me the inscription on the back of the stone stele and told me that the inscription above was written by him and recorded the events of the Tang Dynasty when Cui Xin, the Honglu Qing, came to Aodong City to declare an imperial edict 1,300 years ago:

? "Da Zuorong, the leader of the Mohe tribe in the Tang Dynasty, established himself as King Zhen on the bank of the Huhan River in Dunhua in the first year of the Holy Calendar of Empress Wu (698 AD), and paid tribute to the Tang Dynasty. In the first year of Kaiyuan of Xuanzong (7 AD) In the 13th year of the Tang Dynasty, Cui Xince, the commander of Tang Dynasty, worshiped Zuo Rong as the governor of Jiahu Khan Prefecture, the general of Zuo Xiaowei. Thousands of years have passed, the mountains and rivers are still beautiful, and the great unification of China is now in its golden age. On that day, we traveled across seas and mountains, experienced many hardships, and held a grand ceremony of edicts and canonizations. This marked the beginning of Dunhua's establishment of the country and the friendship between the two nations. Therefore, the monument was built here in 1995 as an eternal ambition. "Looking at the sun in June of that year"

? The author of the stele wrote his father's name. The inscription was written by his father's old friend Yang Minggu, an expert in literature and history in Dunhua City. The handwriting is rich and colorful. The stone tablet was engraved by Zhang Wenfu with great strength, silently facing the earth and the sky, and the vivid and picturesque past events arouse people's reverie.

Dating back to the late New Age more than 3,000 years ago, the ancient Sushen ethnic group lived and multiplied among the white mountains and black waters. The Sushen ethnic group had different names in the documents of different periods. In the pre-Qin Dynasty, they were called Sushen. , it was called Yilou during the Han, Wei and Jin Dynasties, Wuji during the Southern and Northern Dynasties, and Mohe during the Tang Dynasty. Mohe established the Bohai Kingdom, later known as Bohai. Its descendants were called Nuzhi or Jurchen during the Liao, Jin, Yuan and Ming dynasties, and were called Manzhou (Manchu) during the Qing Dynasty. ), Mohe is part of the ancestors of the current Manchu people.

During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the Mohe developed into the most powerful ethnic group in the Northeast and were divided into seven major tribes. Among them, those living in the upper reaches of the Songhua River and Changbai Mountain were called the Sumo Mohe. The original transliteration of the Mohe means "mountain forest tribe". The Songhua River was called Sumo River in ancient times, and Sumo Mohe actually meant "the mountain tribes in the Songhua River Basin."

In the first year of Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty (668 AD), the Tang Dynasty was eliminated in Liaodong After conquering Goguryeo, in order to strengthen governance, a large number of Goguryeo survivors and some Mohe people who were attached to the Goguryeo regime were forcibly moved to the interior. Among them, the leaders of the Sumo Mohe people Qi Sibiyu and Qiqi Zhongxiang led their tribes to move to the then In the Yingzhou (Chaoyang, Liaoning) area, the rulers of Yingzhou relied on their power to expropriate the local people and ethnic minorities, arousing people's dissatisfaction.

In 696 AD, the Khitan leader Li Jinzhong took the opportunity to rebel against the Tang Dynasty and captured Yingzhou the following year. The leaders of the Mohe people, Qi Sibiyu and Qi Qi Zhongxiang, took advantage of the chaos and led their troops back to the east. In order to treat them differently, Wu Zetian of the Tang Dynasty used heavy troops to conquer the Khitan and used methods to win over the Mohe leaders. Grant Si Biyu the title of Duke of Xu, Qiqi Zhongxiang the title of Duke of Zhen, and pardon his sins. However, Qi Si Biyu refused and was pursued by Tang soldiers. Qi Si Biyu was defeated and killed. Soon Qiqi Zhongxiang also died of illness, and his son Da Zuorong led his troops to continue eastward towards Sushen's hometown. They defeated the Tang army chasing them at Tianmen Ridge and headed towards their hometown.

In 698 AD, Da Zuorong led his troops to build a city in Dongmoushan (now southwest of Dunhua, Jilin Province). He supported his troops and consolidated himself. He built the capital and became the king. He was named "Zhenguo" and honored with the title "Zhenguo". "da (meaning chief in ancient Tungus language)" created his own surname, Da. Soon, the capital was moved to the bank of the Huhan River (today's Mudanjiang River), and was named Huhan City, which later became Aodong City.

There were wars between the Bohai State and the Tang Dynasty, and there were also processes of contact, exchange, and integration. However, generally speaking, they still had harmonious and friendly trade relations and Tibetan-subordinate relations.

In 705 AD, after Li Xian, Emperor Zhongzong of the Tang Dynasty, was restored to power, in order to deal with the Turks with all his strength, he sent his censor Zhang Xingqi as an envoy to shake up the country and appease them. Da Zuorong immediately expressed his willingness to surrender and sent his son Damen Yi to follow Zhang Xingji to the Tang Dynasty as a hostage and stay in the capital. The relationship between the central government of the Tang Dynasty and Mohe was greatly eased. Soon, because the Khitan and Turks invaded the border for many years, the road was blocked, the mission was not achieved, and the canonization failed.

According to the "Old Tang Book. The Biography of Bohai Mohe": "In the second year of Emperor Ruizong's reign (AD 713), Cui Xin was sent to worship Zuorong as Zuo Xiaowei Yuanwai General. The king of Bohai County still took the title of Huhan Prefecture and granted him the title of governor of Huhan Prefecture. He sent envoys to pay tribute every year. "

Honglu Temple was in charge of foreign guests and court ceremonies in the Tang Dynasty. The official office of Honglu Temple is Honglu Qing and Honglu Shaoqing. At that time, Cui Xin led a group of people and horses to set off from Chang'an, the capital of the Tang Dynasty, in the autumn and winter. They stayed overnight at dawn and looked northeast. They took a boat across the Bohai Sea in Dengzhou (Penglai) and arrived in Lushun. After resting, they took a boat again. Travel east along the coast to Qingnipu (today's Qingniwa Bridge area in Dalian) and Shirendao (today's Shidao City in Xihe River), then enter the Yalu River and then go up the river and then travel by land. Along the way, you have to go through mountains and rivers and go through many hardships, and finally finally Arrive at Zhenguo Aodong City. After the canonization, Zhenguo had a new name, specifically "Bohai", and officially became a state within the territory of the Tang Dynasty.

Da Zuorong warmly entertained Cui Xin and his party. Cui Xin spent an unusual winter in Aodong City, during which he enjoyed the majestic mountain and river scenery and the vast and deep primitive forests of the North. and the unique and simple ethnic customs, and tasted various local delicacies.

At the handover of the spring and summer of the following year, Cui Xin led the mission on the journey back to Chang'an. When he once again came to Lushun on the coast of the Bohai Sea, facing the horizon at the junction of sea and sky, Cui Xin Thinking of the mission I have completed and the itinerary of winter and summer, I feel filled with emotion. In order to commemorate this grand event of canonization, he ordered people to dig a well at the southern foot and the northwest foot of Golden Mountain as a souvenir. And a huge stone tablet was erected next to the Northwest Lujing, with the following words engraved on it:

The envoy of Mohe who holds the festival and declares labor

Cui Xinjing, the Qing Dynasty of Honglu Two mouths are forever

Remembering May 18th, the second year of Kaiyuan

? The twenty-nine words of the inscription are vigorous and vigorous in calligraphy, recording the experience of this canonization. The Honglu Well and the stone carvings prove that Lushunkou was an important maritime transportation route between the Central Plains and the Northeast during the Tang Dynasty. It is a token of the affiliation between the Tang Dynasty and the Bohai County. It is also the history of the exchanges between the Central Plains Dynasty and the minority regimes in the Northeast and the Bohai Sea's belonging to the Tang Dynasty. Witness, known as "the first monument in Northeast China".

? Dunhua is the capital of the country where Cui Xinxuan issued an imperial edict. In order to commemorate the achievements of Cui Xinxuan's edict, a stone memorial tablet was built in front of the Liudingshan ancient tombs.

? My father and I took photos in front of and behind the stone monument. My father took me to see this stone monument. I felt very proud when I thought about it. I could also imagine the scene when my father was writing the inscription. With profound cultural heritage and a clear understanding of the history of the Bohai Sea, I wrote such a paragraph after carefully considering the words, sorting out and polishing them.

My father had done a lot of research on the history of Dunhua in his early years. He had many discussions and exchanges with his friend Liu Zhongyi, director of the Dunhua Cultural Relics Management Institute, on the history and cultural relics of Dunhua. He also went to Donghua during the Bohai Period several times. Moushan is today's Chengshanzi Mountain City. Looking for ancient times and secluded places, I wrote a poem called "Dengdong Moushan" with seven rhymes:

The traces of the old fort are close to the mountain, and the moss marks have been imprinted for thousands of years.

The iron cavalry and the jinge ring in the old fields, and the abundant harvests in the valley reflect the new sky.

Looking at the mountains and rivers has a broad mind, and whispering rhymes and verses have a broad poetic realm.

The stars move and time passes, and the autumn light takes advantage of the refreshing joy to follow the waves.

Ten years later, when my father was participating in the compilation of the book "Dade Dunhua" to discuss Cui Xin's affairs, he was moved by his deeds of traveling thousands of miles and wrote the seven-line "Cui Xin Xuanzhao":

Traveling thousands of miles across mountains and seas, I praise Honglu through labor and festival.

The car travels on the remote ridge in the wind and snow, and the boat crosses the vast ocean, leaving the shadow alone.

The prince of the county was granted the title of Changyi, and he comforted the vassals and showed his eternal prosperity.

Today China is unified, and Qingping music plays the red sunrise.

? There is a popular story among the people that Li Bai used drunken grass to scare the barbarians. It tells that the second generation monarch of the Bohai Kingdom, King Wu Da Wuyi, used the barbarians to intimidate the Tang Dynasty and threatened the Tang Dynasty to cede one hundred cities of Goguryeo. Give it seventy-six cities, otherwise it will lead to war. No one in the civil and military circles of the Manchu Dynasty could read Chinese characters, and Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty was at a loss. On the recommendation of He Zhizhang, Li Bai read the Manchu aloud in front of the palace after opening a cup and drinking freely. Xuanzong ordered Li Bai to write a book to denounce him. Li Bai kept waving his hands and quickly finished "The Book of Scaring Barbarians". The king of Bohai was shocked when he read the letter. All the kings and ministers in the palace thought that the Celestial Empire had the help of gods. How could they defeat him? He immediately wrote a surrender form, wishing to pay tribute every year and come to court every year. Later, Wang Xiaolian of the Bohai School went to Tang Dynasty to repair it. My father once wrote the Qilu "Li Bai denounced the barbarians":

The barbarian book is so powerful that it dares to lead the army to Kaiyuan.

Thanks to Li Xueshi, he went to see Wang Xiaolian of many sects in Tang Dynasty.

The long and long Aolou River flows, and the strange and high peak always marks Dongmu Mountain.

It has been a thousand years since the white clouds were white, and now we are celebrating the sunny day. (Note: Aolou water is today's Mudanjiang)

? The Bohai Kingdom was founded in 698 AD by Da Zuorong and was destroyed by the Khitan in 926. It existed for 229 years and produced 15 kings. .

? The political system of the Bohai Kingdom also basically followed the Tang Dynasty, with three provinces, six ministries and local ruling powers. When it was prosperous, there were five capitals, fifteen prefectures, sixty-two states, and more than 130 counties. , its jurisdiction includes today's Northeastern region, the northern part of the Korean Peninsula and the southern coastal areas of Russia.

? After more than a thousand years of wind and rain, the Honglu well and carved stones left by Cui Xin have been exposed in the wild. In 1895, the then Shandong Denglai Qingbing Beidao and Anhui Gui Liu Hanfang, a native of Chi, sent people to build a stone pavilion according to the carved stone to protect the carved stone of Honglu Well. The stele pavilion was completed in August of the following year and named Tang Stele Pavilion.

? In 1905, the Japanese army captured Lushunkou. After seeing the stone, the Japanese Navy Vice Admiral Tomioka Tadayasu, who was the commander-in-chief of the Lushun Naval Guards at the time, realized the value of this treasure as a cultural relic. In 1908, he He ordered it to be transported to Japan by ship and dedicated to the emperor. Emperor Meiji couldn't put it down. Every time he looked at the Honglujing stone carvings and touched the thick stone, he thought of the vast land and rich resources in the Northeast. The emperor would It was hidden in the palace and has not yet been returned to China. I once went to Lushun Huangjin Mountain to look for the ruins of Honglujing, but I was unable to do so because it was a military restricted area.

Bohai imitated the Tang Dynasty system and learned the culture of the Central Plains. It was once known as the "Prosperous Kingdom in the East". Bohai culture also kicked off from then on. Bohai State made great efforts to develop the Northeast and maintain territorial integrity. made historical contributions.

According to records, the Bohai State sent more than 140 missions to the Tang Dynasty. The Tang Dynasty also set up a special Bohai Pavilion to receive business matters from the Bohai State. Tang also sent people to the Bohai Sea more than ten times. The princes of Bohai and the children of nobles came to the Central Plains to study. The poet Wen Tingyun wrote the poem "Sending the Bohai Prince Returning to the Country": "Although the border is surrounded by seas, the carriages and books are home. Sheng Xun returns to the old country, and the best poems are in China. The boundaries are divided into autumn and the rise, and the sails are sailing to the dawn area. The wind and moon are good in the nine gates. , Looking back is the end of the world." It shows the historical facts of the exchanges between Bohai and the Tang Dynasty during this period.

During the Tianbao period of the Tang Dynasty (742-755 AD), the Bohai Kingdom moved its capital to Xiande Mansion in Zhongjing (today’s Helongxi Ancient City). Most of the Liudingshan Ancient Tombs were the capital of the Bohai Kingdom. Relics from the period of moving to Zhongjing.

? After Liao Taizu Yelu Abaoji destroyed the Bohai Kingdom in 926 AD, in order to avoid future troubles, the Khitan rulers moved the powerful clans and some people of the Bohai people southward to Liaoyang, Fuzhou, Jin The state area makes it impossible to communicate with each other. In order to eliminate the Bohai people's nostalgia for their homeland, the palaces, temples and private houses in Shangjing (now Bohai Town, Ning'an County, Heilongjiang Province), the capital of the Bohai Kingdom, were burned and destroyed. The Bohai Kingdom's written records and classics were also destroyed in the fire, and more than two hundred years of civilization were destroyed. The achievements were destroyed and "Haidong Culture" was lost in the ruins of history.

On the south side of the Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital on Hanzhang South Street in Dunhua City, there is a Bohai Square built to commemorate the Bohai Commandery in the Tang Dynasty. At the entrance to the north of the square, there is a tall and imposing Tang Dynasty style antique stone gate. Beautifully decorated gate columns are arranged on both sides of the road, like a neat guard of honor to welcome tourists. Behind them is a semi-circular antiquity verandah, built with an open roof made of thick brown wooden squares. On the red pillar, the shape is simple, elegant and unique.

In the middle of the square, rectangular columns carved with Tang poetry are arranged in a ring, adding a simple and powerful artistic conception to the place. The red light and painted patterns on the ceiling give people a simple and bright feeling. The green trees next to the pavilion and the scattered flowers and plants remind people of the artistic conception of "outside the long pavilion, beside the ancient road, the green grass stretches into the sky".

There is a huge relief wall in the square. On the front are portraits of the fifteen kings of Bohai, and on the back are the religious beliefs, marriage customs, fishing and hunting, agricultural production, customs and other features of the ancient Bohai people. , giving people an intuitive understanding of the ancient Bohai Kingdom in the past. The bronze relief Bohai Territory Map located on the ground on the east side of the square shows the jurisdiction and historical evolution of the Bohai Kingdom in its heyday.

On the south side of the square is the Dongmushan Landscape Area. There are waterfalls, city walls and small and unique pavilions on the hill, which reproduce the scene of Da Zuorong establishing the Zhenguo. To the south of the square is a white marble statue of Cui Xin, the envoy of the Tang Dynasty, holding a banner. He can be seen in his robes and crown, with flying sleeves and a resolute expression. He holds the banner in his left hand and points to the distance with his right hand, as if he is walking firmly on his mission without fear of hardships. On the way, people sincerely admire him for his historical achievements in safeguarding national unity, promoting national unity, and prospering the frontier.

The theme sculpture on Bohai Square is a tall tower composed of three "human" characters. It is unique, tall and tall, like a pillar of the sky, standing majestically, reaching into the sky, with a great virtue underneath. The Dunhua tripod symbolizes stability and auspiciousness.

The ruins of Aodong City were the early capital of the Bohai Kingdom, so it was called the Old Kingdom. Located two kilometers northeast of Bohai Square, it belongs to the southeast corner of Dunhua City and the north bank of Mudanjiang River. The city buildings are modeled after the capital city of the Tang Dynasty. The city wall is built of earth and has an inner and outer city. It is 400 meters long from east to west, 200 meters long from north to south, and 1,200 meters in circumference. It is rectangular in shape, with a square inner city and a side length of 80 meters. The perimeter of the outer city is four miles. Relics such as copper coins, stone mortars, pottery, iron pots, and chariots have been unearthed in the city. According to archaeological surveys, this city was the founding capital of the Bohai Kingdom. .

When my father took me along the Mudan River when I was a child, he pointed to a field on higher ground and told me that this place used to be the location of Aodong City, the capital of the Bohai Sea, and it could still be seen at that time. There are people farming inside the ancient city wall, which is more than half a meter high.

? "The spring breeze does not know the fortunes of the old city, and the grass is full of color every year." The city has long lost the bustling carriages and horses, the comings and goings of people, the grandeur of palaces and pavilions, and the singing and dancing of Liji. The style of the city, the arrogance of the dignitaries, the atmosphere of fireworks in the city, the heroic spirit and reckless disputes that once existed have disappeared with the passage of time. The former Aodong City is deeply hidden in the lush weeds and years, and along the river As the embankment moves southward, it becomes even more desolate and lonely, making people daydream and sigh.

If the Xuanzhao Monument of the Tang Dynasty shows a magnificent historical picture, then the tomb of Princess Zhenhui is the claws of snow and mud left by the passing of time, adding a bit more to this ancient land. The mysterious and distant atmosphere.

In the autumn of the year before last, I came to Liuding Mountain again. After entering through the gate of the scenic area, I walked westward. I saw the vast mountains with distinct layers, and the trees far and near were lush and rustling. Under the blowing of the autumn wind, brilliant golden yellow, warm orange yellow, bright red, elegant yellow and verdant green seem to be unwilling to be lonely, flowing out from the mountains, rendering the trees all over the mountains into a colorful world. Looking around, the ever-changing and colorful peaks and mountains seem to have been put on gorgeous costumes, appearing green, rich and deep.

Walking along the newly paved asphalt road, there is a wooden archway with three doors, four columns and double eaves on the roadside. The horizontal plaque on it reads "Liudingshan Ancient Tombs Group" in large golden characters. Zongyi has profound cultural heritage and also reveals a pure and solemn atmosphere.

? Walking into the gate, you are surrounded by quiet woods, with slanting branches and mottled tree shadows, lingering on the road paved with basalt. The vegetation on both sides is lush and well-proportioned, which makes people dizzying. The yellow leaves on the oak trees The leaves are wide and large, with clear veins on the leaf surface, and are full of tension, revealing the boldness and grandeur of the golden autumn in the north. It also demonstrates the tenacious vitality of nature, giving this place a bit of a deep and mysterious ancient charm.

? The tall poplar branches on the roadside are glowing with silver, which is particularly dazzling in the colorful scenery. Their tall and straight postures are like soldiers lined up to salute pedestrians. A few squirrels are on the branches. Tossing and turning, the silent mountain forest adds a little aura, as if to remind tourists that they are the guardians here.

? The previously closed iron fences have disappeared, and each ancient tomb is covered with a large glass protective cover. It is like a huge open-air museum, very modern, and the history of the Bohai Sea is far away from us. So far away yet so close, as if within reach.

? The entire tomb group is divided into two tomb areas. There are more than 100 large and small stone chamber tombs and sarcophagus tombs. Among the tombs, especially the second privet of the third generation Wang Wenwang Da Qinmao of Bohai Sea The tomb of Princess Hui is the most famous. The style of the tombstone is parallel text popular in the Tang Dynasty, such as "A woman's virtue is outstanding, and her reputation will last until after you; her mother's love is Mu Mu, and Yu Qing gathers in Wujiang." The moon shines upon you; you stand upright and grasp the opportunity, and the world is covered by benevolence. "The beauty is rare, as bright as the flowers on the Qiong tree; the auspiciousness is unparalleled, and the warmth is like the jade on the Kunfeng Mountain." It mainly describes the origin of Princess Zhenhui. , temperament, appearance, upbringing, as well as the experience of becoming a monk and being determined to observe righteousness, etc., are all neatly contrasted sentences, with harmonious rhymes, gorgeous rhetoric, simple and strong handwriting, and smooth brushwork, which proves that Bohai uses Chinese characters and is familiar with the origins of Central Plains culture. The tombstone is in Both calligraphy and prose are rare treasures.

? The unearthed stone lions are powerful and vivid in shape, meticulous in carving, and skillful in knife skills. They are full of Tang style, reflecting the splendid Bohai civilization that absorbed Han culture during that period. In addition to tombstones and stone lions, cultural relics such as gilt nails, gilt belt decorations, tiles, animal-faced bricks, and mohe jars were also unearthed, which unveiled the mystery of the Bohai civilization and provided important physical data for the study of the history of the Bohai Sea. The Dunhua area in the upper reaches of the Mudanjiang River was the capital of the old Bohai Kingdom (Zhen Kingdom) at that time, which also reflected the close relationship between the ancient Bohai Kingdom and the Tang Dynasty at that time.

? Walking out of the ancient tombs, I saw a high imitation of Princess Zhenhui's tombstone standing by the road. Not far ahead there was an open flat land, like a bookcase, and there was a small mountain peak to the west. This may be A treasure of Feng Shui in traditional culture.

? A sea of ​​flowers has now been built on this flat land. When the flowers bloom, the air is filled with the fragrance of flowers. Windmills made of colored paper are arranged on both sides of the path, leading to the auspicious flowers in the distance. On the sea, all kinds of bright and beautiful flowers form a square array of colorful flowers, like a huge brocade carpet spreading to the sky. There is a large wooden boat moored deep in the shadow of clusters of flowers. Climbing on it feels like being in the colorful waves, which makes people feel relaxed and happy.

There is a pool of sparkling blue water in front of the sea of ​​flowers. The water is like a big bright mirror. The trees and houses on the shore are reflected in the water. The suspension bridge across the water is like a rainbow. The white clouds float in the sky like cotton, watching and competing with the sea of ​​flowers on the ground. The beautiful scenery is like a colorful oil painting, bringing visual enjoyment to people.

? In this vast region of the Northeast, there are endless mountains, endless rivers, and vast wilderness, which have nurtured the children of all ethnic groups in the Northeast and given them a rough character and a bold mind. . On this historical stage that has been turbulent for thousands of years, disputes, wars, peace, and integration among various ethnic groups have taken turns. There have been countless scenes of fighting, drums and horns, and colorful and turbulent stories.

? The Cui Xinxuan Imperial Monument of the Tang Dynasty opens up a corner of thousands of years of turbulent history, annotating the historical events that have passed by in a flash.