What are the Greek myths?
Agamemnon was killed by the lover of his wife Clytaemestra. Afterwards, Apollo told Agamemnon's son Orestes the truth and ordered him to take revenge. The Queen cursed Orestes for being punished by the Nemesis.
The curse took effect after her death. Orestes left his kingdom and escaped revenge under the protection of Apollo. Apollo sent Orestes to Athens to seek Athena's fair trial.
After Athena knew what had happened, she decided to call the human judge * * * to try the case. The smartest judge in Athens came to listen to this case; Nemesis claimed that the queen killed her husband, not a person related by blood.
The defendant killed his blood relatives, and the defendant should also be killed. The cycle of vendetta in this family will never get rid of. Apollo, the defendant's defender, stressed that the Queen committed the crime of "intentional murder" and the defendant only fulfilled the obligation of revenge for the child.
Athena announced that the judges voted to solve the case, and each judge got two stones-black for guilt and white for innocence. All the judges voted at the end of the voting, and the number of black and white stones was exactly the same. So Athena made a ruling.
Athena dropped a white stone and declared Orestes innocent according to the majority's decision, thus ending the vicious circle of vendetta for generations. After the incident, ancient Greek poets believed that Athena was also the goddess of justice.
2, the third generation of god-Zeus
Zeus is the son of kronos, the second generation god, and he is the third generation god. In Greek mythology, Zeus was honored as "the father of gods" and "the king of kings". Most of the gods and heroes we will talk about later are brothers and sisters of Zeus or descendants of his children. He is not only the protagonist in the whole Greek mythology, but also the head of the twelve main gods of Olympus.
In Greece, although Zeus is the highest god worshipped by people and the father of all gods, he also has his own specific responsibilities. He dominated the whole sky first, and the main weapons were the lightning and thunderbolt that cyclops gave him, so he could not only throw lightning and thunderbolt to make thunder, but also call the wind and rain.
Another skill of Zeus runs in the family, and that is to predict the future. He announced people's fate by holding dreams and making thunder and lightning, or by the flight of birds and the rustling of leaves.
This third-generation great god is extraordinary in appearance. His most classic image is sitting high on the throne of the Lord God, with dignified facial features, curly hair and a big beard, a scepter in his left hand, a thunder hammer in his right hand and a mighty eagle at his feet.
Zeus is not an empty god, he controls everything in nature and makes the seasons change orderly; He not only rules the heaven, but also rules the whole world, including man and god.
Everything in nature is under his control, even the good and evil in the world are under his control. There are two special jars in front of Zeus's palace on Mount Olympus where the third generation of gods live: the jar on the left contains "good" and the jar on the right contains "evil".
When a mortal is born, Zeus will give him the "good" and "evil" in two jars respectively. Therefore, when most people are born, they are neither good nor evil, both good and evil.
When Zeus was too busy to be in the mood, he just grabbed some "good and evil" from two jars and gave it to this person, so there was a kinder or more vicious person.
3. Wine stories in Greek mythology.
Dionysus is the god of Dionysus and Carnival in ancient Greek mythology, and also the god of art in ancient Greece. According to the most popular legend, he is the son of Zeus and Princess Sinclair. Hera, the wife of Zeus, was a jealous woman. Whenever Zeus fell in love with someone else, she would take revenge on her.
Hera persuaded the pregnant Princess Sinclair to ask Zeus to show his true colors to prove the sanctity of love. It turned out that when Zeus fell in love with a woman on the earth, they all appeared as incarnations. At the request of simler, Zeus agreed. Zeus is the main god in Greek religion and mythology. His strength is too great for a mortal woman, Simlai, who was killed by thunder.
Zeus took the premature fetus out of Himmli's stomach and sewed it into his thigh. Zeus became lame during this period. The son was born after full term and was named "Dionysus", which means "Zeus is lame". So Dionysus was born twice.
Dionysus's magical legend about life and death and his marriage to beautiful Ariadne made him almost regarded as Apollo, the sun god, in some places. Dionysus is characterized by a garland composed of ivy, vines and grape spikes, a Tursos stick with a pine cone at the end of the stick and a large glass with two handles, which is called Kanselos.
In the early painting art, he was portrayed as a man with a beard, but later he became a young man with a feminine taste, often accompanied by priestesses and surrounded by people playing the flute.
An ancient Greek coin with the head of Dionysus is displayed in the Ancient Coin Museum of the National Museum of Greece. Dionysus with the calm expression of the Greek gods. His hair was tied in a bun with vines, and grape leaves decorated his forehead, just like wearing a crown.
As early as the 7th century BC, there was "Great bacchanalia" in ancient Greece. This activity is held in Athens every March to commemorate Dionysus, the god of wine. The impromptu song sung in memory of Dionysus Dionysus at the banquet is called "Dionysus hymn".
Compared with the solemn Ode to the Sun God, it is characterized by impromptu lyric choral poems and is very popular. By the 6th century BC, Dionysian hymns began to gain a high reputation.
4. Hell
In Hades' huge palace, there are three judges, Minos, Rada Mantis and Arcaz, who are responsible for listening to the thoughts, speeches and actions of the soul.
Hermes, the goddess of justice, holds a sword and weighs good and evil for every soul. If the good in the soul is greater than the evil, she will go to Elysium, otherwise she will go to hell. If she is the most guilty, she will be exiled to "endless hell" and suffer endless pain and suffering forever.
There is a door between hell and the dead, which is the "Gate of Hell". This gate is located near Cape Tanas and is guarded by a three-headed Cerberus named Cerberus. Once anyone enters the gate of hell, he will never go back to death.
There is a long way from the gate of hell to the bottom of hell, and there are often illusory ghosts coming and going on the road. There are many rivers in hell, one of which is called Kokut River, which is formed by the tears of bad people forced to work in hell, so it often makes a terrible wail, because the name of this river itself means "crying in the distance".
The other river, the Clone River, must be crossed by those who go to trial. The water in this river is so dark and urgent that no one can swim across it. A boatman named Caron ferries here. Only by taking his boat can he cross the river, but he will ask for a boat fee of one yuan, otherwise he will refuse to take the boat.
If those waiting for trial have no money, they must wait for a year, when Caron will take the ferry for free. So when Greeks die, they usually put a dollar in the mouth of the deceased.
5. Cadmus
Cadmus is Europa's brother. After Zeus took Europa, his father, King agenor, was in great pain. He quickly sent his three sons, Cadmus, Phoenix and Kirix, out to look for him and told them that they were not allowed to come back without their sister. After Cadmus went out, she looked everywhere, but never heard of her sister Europa.
He was helpless and afraid to return to his hometown, so he asked Phobos Apollo, the sun god, to give him an Oracle and tell him where to settle down. Apollo immediately replied, "You will meet a cow in a remote pasture. It will take you straight ahead." . When it lies on the grass to rest, you can build a city there and name it Thebes. "
Later, when people found out that the cow was used for offering sacrifices to the gods, Cadmus sent servants to the forest to look for water. As a result, a poisonous dragon appeared in the forest and all his servants were killed. After Cadmus killed the dragon.
Athena appeared and asked him to pull out the dragon's teeth and plant them in the soil. Then many soldiers grew out of the soil. The soldiers began to fight as soon as they came out. When there were only five people left, Athena ordered them to stop and help Cadmus build Thebes.