The history of Qushui Garden
Qushui Garden was built in the 10th year of Qianlong reign of the Qing Dynasty (1745). It was originally the garden of the county temple, so it was called Lingyuan. At that time, it was customary for the Chenghuang Temple to donate one penny from each resident every year, or to make a penny under the title of the land owner, called "Wen Yuan", which was used to fund temple maintenance. Therefore, the garden was also known as "Yi Wen Garden". In the third year of Jiaqing in the Qing Dynasty (1798), Yihou Yang Dongping and Liu Yunfang visited the garden and saw its beautiful scenery. He borrowed the allusion of the flowing water drinking cup in the "Preface to the Lanting Collection" by Wang Xizhi of the Eastern Jin Dynasty and changed the name of the cemetery to "Qushui Garden". ". In the third year of Xuantong of the Qing Dynasty (1911), Qushui Garden was changed from a temple garden to a park. In the 16th year of the Republic of China (1927), it was renamed "Qingpu Zhongshan Park". In 1980, the original name of "Qushui Garden" was restored.
According to the "Qingpu County Chronicle", in the tenth year (1745) and the eleventh year (1746) of Qianlong's reign in the Qing Dynasty, Juetang, Deyuexuan and Gexun Tower were built to the east of the Yi Temple. , Yinghui Pavilion, and a flower path stream, which is quite scenic, but it is not large in scale and is only for pilgrims to sit and rest. Later, pavilions, platforms, towers and pavilions were gradually added, ponds were dug to plant lotuses, and trees were planted on hills. The scale continues to expand and the scenery increases day by day.
In the forty-ninth year of Qianlong (1784), Wang Xiyi described the garden scenery at that time in more detail in "Lingyuan Ji": "Since Jiachen Bingduo, I have seen the whole city being very enthusiastic, and the defeated generals have entrusted their land. According to the materials, we gradually dredged the pond with accumulated stones, painted it with red lotus, and painted it with a long embankment. There are pavilions called "Yongcui", Jiji called "Zhuojin", and Liang called "Xiyu". The mountains are covered with lush trees. Looking up from the height, you can see the winding mountains and the mist of the village, which looks like a Mijia painting. , Qian said Lingzai, it was Yimingyuan. The name "Lingyuan" was determined at this time.
In the 10th year of Xianfeng (1860), the Taiping Army occupied Qingpu. When the Qing Army and the Huaer Foreign Gun Brigade attacked the city, Qushui Garden was destroyed by artillery fire.
Reconstruction began in the 10th year of Guangxu (1884). After 27 years, the reconstruction project of the original scenic spots in Qushui Garden was completed, and the release pond, garden pavilion and walls were added.
In the third year of Xuantong (1911), it was placed under the jurisdiction of the County Public Funds and Property Management Office and has since become an independent park. In the early years of the Republic of China, the Mibai Pavilion was erected in the pond, and the Huashen Temple was renamed Huashen Hall.
In the 16th year of the Republic of China (1927), in memory of Dr. Sun Yat-sen, it was renamed Zhongshan Park. In the same year, Xiaofei came for renovation. Zhang Shao, the eldest son of Zhang Jingzhou, a wealthy businessman in the city, jointly donated 1,200 silver coins to build a three-story square pavilion at the former site of Huanbi Tower on the east side of Xiaofeilai. There is an iron ladder in the middle that can be spiraled up. It was first named Jingzhou Pavilion and later changed its name to Jiufengzhilan.
Between October and November of the 26th year of the Republic of China (1937), Japanese planes bombed Qingpu, and the hall was destroyed. It was rebuilt during the enemy war and the hall was converted into a pavilion. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War in the 34th year of the Republic of China (1945), Jingxinlu was once renamed the Martyrs' Shrine. At the same time, Yingxi Pavilion was rebuilt. In the 36th year of the Republic of China (1947), the upper watchtower at the west gate of Qingpu was moved to the garden. It was built on the site of the original Yilou on the south bank of the water lily pond. Green bamboos were planted around it and it was named Bamboo Pavilion.
In May 1949, Qingpu was liberated and the park returned to the hands of the people. In 1952, the city wall was demolished, and the eastern and northern boundaries of the park were expanded to the moat. In 1956, the "Tombstone of Du Gong, the former capital of the Song Dynasty" unearthed when he immigrated to China came to the garden and was embedded in the wall of Yongcui Pavilion. Yongcui Pavilion was renamed Song Stele Pavilion. In 1957, the gap on the west bank of the water lily pond was designated as a park. In the same year, cedar trees were planted on it and it became a new scenic spot. In 1959, it was listed as a county-level cultural relic protection unit.
In the early 1960s, the stone pillar hexagonal pavilion of Shuiyue Temple in Zhujiajiao, the rectangular stone pillar pavilion of Tianyi Kongzhai, and the "Liu and Liang combination" of Wang Chang Temple in Zhujiajiao (the calligraphy of the famous calligraphers Liu Yong and Liang Tongshu of the Qing Dynasty) were moved Art works, compiled and engraved by Wang Chang, a famous scholar in the Qing Dynasty) were brought to the garden. Two stone pavilions were built on the bank of the moat in the East Garden, and "Liu and Liang's Bi" were embedded in the wall of the Jingxin Lu. The Jingxin Lu was then renamed the Cangbi Lu.
In 1969, air defense fortifications were built in the park and the life-release pond was demolished. In October of the same year, a peony pavilion was built at the entrance to the east air defense fortification of Huashen Hall.
In 1984, the first area of Xiyanghongbanlou in Xiyuan was restored. In 1985, all scenic spots in the Central Garden were renovated. In 1986, the East Park was renovated. During this period, Qinglai Mountain House and Fogu Pavilion were rebuilt.
Drill a clear spring stream and build a clear spring bridge. The west gate, Qingquan Corridor, Freehand Pavilion, Wuqu Corridor, Connecting View Corridor, Five Room Corridor, Old Man's Peak, Green Wave Corridor, Huanhe Pavilion and Children's Paradise were added. The wall in front of the garden retreats to the line of Daoxiang Village in the north, and the garden gate moves to the southeast of Huashen Hall.
The Shanlin area was named Guanshou Garden, and Jingxinlu and Yongcuiting restored their original names. During the period, Mr. Chen Congzhou, a professor at Tongji University, inscribed plaques for scenic spots such as Zhoujufeishui, Yingxian Pavilion, Sunset Red Banlou, Youjue Hall, Yushu Tower, Deyue Xuan, and Poxian Pavilion. In the winter of 1986, the inscription "Renovation of Qushui Garden" was inscribed and embedded in the wall of Yongcui Pavilion.
At the end of 1988, two buildings of the Guanshouyuan North Epidemic Prevention Station were acquired, one as a teahouse and the other as an office building. In the early 1990s, the Wuqu Gallery was demolished. During the same period, a bumper car entertainment park was built in the north of Peony Pavilion.
In 2004, municipal construction renovated the landscape on the north side of Park Road. The wall in front of the garden was demolished and a corridor was built along the wall. The garden gate was moved to the south of Ninghe Hall. A canal was dug in front of the corridor to divert water from the moat into the garden. The Yimen was rebuilt and two additional offices were built to the south of Zhoujufeishui.
Between 2005 and 2007, it was completely renovated again. The first phase of the project started in November 2005 and ended in November 2006.
The second phase of the project started in May 2007 and ended in September 2007.