Shang Tang’s Classical Chinese Essay on Praying for Rain

1. Translation of the classical Chinese text "Chengtang Praying for Rain"

Original text In the past, when Tang Kexia was ruling the world, there was a severe drought and no harvest for five years.

Tang Nai prayed with his body in the mulberry forest and said: "The guilt of one person is not equal to that of ten thousand people; the sins of ten thousand people are only the fault of one person." No one person's insensitivity can cause God, ghosts and gods to harm the lives of the people.

』So he cut his hair, sacrificed his body, and prayed to God with it. The people even said that the rain was so heavy that before the translation, Tang conquered and destroyed the Xia Dynasty and was able to rectify the world. Then there was a severe drought and no crops were harvested for five years.

So Tang personally prayed in the mulberry forest and said: "I am guilty, and I should not offend the people; the people are guilty, and the responsibility lies solely with me. Don't cause the Emperor of Heaven to suffer because of my fault." The ghosts and gods harmed the lives of the people.

So they cut their hair and sacrificed themselves to pray to heaven. People were very happy, and it rained heavily.

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Hope it will be adopted. 2. Classical Chinese translation of "Praying for Rain in the Mulberry Forest"

"Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals" said: In the past, Shang Tang conquered Xia and brought order to the world. There was a severe drought and no harvest for five years. Tang Nai prayed with his body in the mulberry forest and said: "One person is guilty, but not ten thousand people are guilty; ten thousand people are guilty, but one person is guilty." No one person's insensitivity can cause God, ghosts and gods to harm the lives of the people. "So he cut his hair, sharpened his hands, and sacrificed his body to pray to God. The people even said that the rain was coming heavily.

The main idea is:

In the past, Shang King Tang overthrew the Xia Dynasty and re-established the Shang Dynasty, which was supported by the world. However, he encountered successive years of drought and there was no harvest for five years. The guilt lies solely with me. Everyone in the world cannot be punished because of one person's fault. "So, he cut his hair, rubbed his hands, and was willing to be a sacrifice to pray to God. The people were very happy. At this moment, the heavy rain finally came. 3. What did Shang Tang say when he prayed for rain?

< p> One year there was a severe drought. Shang Tang was dressed neatly and looked extremely serious. He knelt down and prayed to the ghosts and gods.

At this time, Shang Tang was dark and thin. He worked day and night for state affairs and was very concerned about it. Because of the suffering of the people, Shang Tang said sincerely to God: "God, please have mercy on the people of my great Shang Dynasty. They are innocent.

If you think that I, the Shang Dynasty, made mistakes, then all the mistakes are mine and have nothing to do with my subjects. If you send down the rain, I am willing to punish one person. "The ministers who were praying together in the back were moved to tears after hearing Shang Tang's words. They thought: The king is really a wise king. He would rather sacrifice himself than let the people suffer.

It depends on the people to make things happen. In the sky, it really started to rain heavily. 4. Translation of the classical Chinese article "Sanglin Prayer for Rain"

In the fourth year of Cheng'an reign of Emperor Zhangzong of Jin Dynasty, there was no water in the river, and the crops in various places were withered. The people didn't know what to do. The local governor, Zhenyang Shuai, was very concerned about the farmers and hurriedly ordered his subordinates to find someone to pray for rain. He tried it several times, but it didn't come true. For a long time, strange theories began to appear. A man owned a white donkey and said, "The cause of the drought is this. When the clouds gather, the donkey raises its head and makes a sound, and the clouds disperse. If the white donkey does not die, the drought will not stop." People speculated and advocated it, and many people began to agree with this statement. When Marshal Zhenyang heard this, he thought that this was what happened, and immediately ordered the white donkey to be captured and burned to death.

The white donkey entrusted the dream to someone in the commander's office, saying: "I was unjustly burned! Natural disasters are prevalent, and people and themselves suffer from them. What does it have to do with me? I was born unlucky. Animals, unfortunately, have fallen into the hands of humans. They carry goods and are driven by people, and they obey people's orders. The toil and humiliation are increasing all the time. If it is a drought, I will do my duty. Do you know that it was me who caused this torture? Who is it that the commander of Zhenyang obeyed me? The disaster is related to the celestial phenomena, and it is also related to human beings. Human beings can ask for help, but celestial phenomena can be abandoned. Just ignore it and let nature take its course. When Shang Tang conquered the country, there was a severe drought for five years. Tang prayed in the mulberry forest, and it rained. The Wei people wanted to attack Xingguo. Ning Zhuangzi said that it was unreasonable to complain to the state of Xing. There was a drought during the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. Bu Shi thought that Sang Hongyang's policy of monopolizing salt and wine caused people's resentment, so it was a drought. , asked Emperor Wu to "cook Hong Yang and it will rain." During the reign of Emperor Wenzong of the Tang Dynasty, Zheng focused on authoritarianism and trapped Song Shenxi and others with witchcraft. When there was a severe drought, Emperor Wenzong asked for a way to bring rain, so Li Zhongmin wrote a letter saying: "The only way to make it rain today is to kill Zheng Zhu and clear Xue Shenxi's innocence." There are so many ways to save yourself from drought, why not follow them? If you ask for something but don't get it, then there is nothing to pursue. The problem lies with God and you just entrust it to Him. Don't ask for help from people or God, just accuse me of my faults with unfounded arguments.

Alas, that is not the case! I've already tried it by exposing the wizard to the sun and praying to the God of Drought. If he wants to burn me today, wouldn't that be repeating a useless thing? Killing me will benefit mankind, why don't I die for praying for rain? If it is not achieved, does it mean that this incident has increased the number of evil deeds? Killing indiscriminately is unkind; trusting lightly is unwise; being unkind and unwise is the arbitrary choice of Commander Zhenyang? I think these are all true, so I take the liberty to confide in you privately.

The subordinate in the dream immediately woke up after apologizing and asked the Commander in Chief Zhenyang to release the white donkey. At first, people could not understand and were not happy to release the white donkey. Soon after, it started raining, and it continued for a month. The floods damaged the people's crops, and the harvest ended with no harvest. People no longer talk about the white donkey. 5. What is the story of Shang Tang praying for rain?

In ancient times, people had very little scientific knowledge. Because they did not understand many natural phenomena, they deified them. Rain, lightning, and thunder were all seen. Make arrangements for ghosts and gods.

At that time, everyone from the monarch to the ministers to the common people respected ghosts and gods very much and believed that all natural and man-made disasters were the will of God. When Shang Tang destroyed Xia, it was the general representative of one slave owner who dismissed the position of the general representative of another slave owner in our country's slave society.

Shang Tang was an emperor with both civil and military skills. He loved talents and generals, and had noble moral character. Coupled with the assistance of his right prime minister Yi Yin and his left prime minister Zhong Hui, the whole Shang Dynasty showed a great influence. A scene of prosperity. The people live and work in peace and contentment, the soldiers are diligent in training, and the court officials are also conscientious in their work.

In the past, people relied on the weather for food. If the weather was good and the agricultural harvest was good, the people would go hungry less; if the weather was bad and there would be no harvest for a year, the people would have to Hungry and suffering. During times of famine, people often starve to death, so people are even more in awe of God and pray for God's blessings all the time.

When the Shang Dynasty was just established and everything was taking on a new look, a severe drought came quietly. This severe drought is really rare. The vegetation on the ground has dried up, it is difficult for people to drink water, and some small animals have died of thirst.

This greatly worried the virtuous Shang Tang. He was extremely anxious and prayed to God every day to bless the great merchant and his subjects. But God doesn't know what's going on, the sun is still shining brightly on the earth, the river has long since dried up, and the earth is dry and cracked.

This drought lasted for seven years, and countless people starved to death. In addition, the weather was extremely hot, and many people died of heatstroke. Shang Tang also believed in ghosts and gods very much, and thought to himself: He must have offended the ghosts and gods because of his wrong behavior, and God blamed it on me, the Shang Dynasty.

He began to blame himself and think about his actions, but he could not figure out where he had offended God. I don’t know if God was really moved, or if the climate should be like this.

Soon, the dark clouds in the sky protruded and became one, getting lower and lower. People came out of the city to pray for rain. With a thunderbolt, heavy rain fell, and the whole country immediately became a sea of ​​joy. Shang Tang led all the ministers out of the palace and stood in the rain, receiving the baptism of the rain. His thin body seemed so strong.

He stretched his hands to the sky, looked up to the sky and roared, shouting: "God has eyes, God has eyes, there is hope for our great Shang Dynasty again!" Soon the whole country was praying for rain in Shangtang. Everyone knows that the people already loved Shangtang very much, and now they admire him even more. Shang Tang loved the people like a son and was praised by the people.

During those years of continuous drought, Shangtang distributed grain from the treasury to the people to satisfy their hunger. Although the quantity was not enough, the people supported Shangtang, and no rebellion occurred in any place, and it was still very stable. After the heavy rain, the grass and trees turned green, agriculture took on a new look, and animal husbandry also developed.

Since then, the weather has been good for several consecutive years, the grain harvest has been bumper, and the people are very happy. Due to working day and night, Shang Tang fell ill.

He knew that he would not live long, so he took Yi Yin's hand and said, "I won't be alive for long. Our Great Shang Dynasty has finally got out of the predicament. I am satisfied, but the only thing that makes me What I am worried about is the country and the people. The prince died early and the remaining children and grandchildren are too young to be reused. I can only count on you for the success of the Shang Dynasty."

Yi Yin was very sad and said to Shang Tang. Said: "King, don't worry, take a good rest, God will bless you, you don't have to worry about national affairs, I will help you handle it." Shang Tang nodded with confidence.

Shang Tang's illness did not recover after all, and he passed away soon. 6. Classical Chinese text about Zhao Xiangzi drinking and Liang Jun going hunting

Translation:

Zhao Xiangzi drank for five days and five nights without stopping, and said to the people who served him: "I am indeed a scholar of the country. "I have been drinking for five days and five nights, but I am not sick at all." Youmo said, "Just try your best! You are still two days away from King Zhou of Shang, but you are only five days old." , said to Youmo: "In that case, am I going to perish?" Youmo said: "I won't perish." Xiangzi said: "We are two days away from King Zhou of Shang. If we don't perish, what are we waiting for?" Youmo said: "I will not perish." Don't say: "The demise of King Jie of Xia and King Zhou of Shang was because they met King Tang of Shang and King Wu of Zhou respectively. Now all the monarchs in the world are King Jie of Xia, and you are King Zhou of Shang. King Jie of Xia and King Zhou of Shang were at the same time How can we destroy each other in this world? But it is also dangerous.

"

Translation:

Liang Jun went out hunting and saw a group of white geese. Liang Jun got out of the car and fully drew his bow to shoot the geese. There was a man walking on the road. Liang Jun You asked the man to stop, but he didn't stop. The geese were frightened and flew away. Liang Jun was angry and wanted to shoot the man. His coachman Gongsun got out of the car and said, "Don't shoot." Liang Jun changed his face angrily and said angrily: "You don't help your master but instead help others. Why?" Gongsun Xi replied: "In the past, during the reign of King Jinggong of Qi, there was a severe drought for three years. The divination said, 'It will rain only when people are sacrificed'." Qi Jinggong went down to the court and kowtowed, saying, "The reason why I pray for rain is for the people." Now you must let me use human sacrifices, then it will rain, and I will serve as a sacrifice myself. ’ Before I finished speaking, it started raining heavily in a radius of thousands of miles. Why? Because Qi Jinggong was virtuous and kind to the people, and now the lord wants to shoot people because of the white geese, I think the lord's words are no different from those of tigers and wolves. "Liang Jun took Gongsun Xi's hand and got into the car with him to go back. After entering the temple gate, Liang Jun shouted "Long live" and said, "I'm so lucky today: others got animals from hunting, but I got kind words from hunting and came back." ” 7. Read the following classical Chinese text and complete the following questions

Question 1: Question D 2: Question B 3: Question B 4: Natural disasters are prevalent/People suffer from them/How can I predict them? Yan/I was born to be a different kind of person/and unfortunately fell into the category of a beast.

(One point for two correct answers, one point deducted for each wrong answer) Question 5: There are so many ways to save drought, why not start with these. How to find one of the methods? (1 point for the smooth meaning of the sentence, 1 point for the rhetorical question of "盍...hu") Question 1: (Thank you: apologize, apologize) Question 2: (Structure particle) Question 3: ( "The owner thinks that the drought is caused by him" is wrong. It should be "some people" think it, not "the master"). Sub-question 4: A little summary. Sub-question 5: When there was a severe drought for five years, Tang prayed with his body. In the mulberry forest, it started to rain.

The Wei people wanted to attack Xingguo. They had something to ask for, but they couldn't solve it. p> Ning Zhuangzi said that it was unreasonable to accuse Xing Guo, but it rained during the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. Bu Shi thought that Sang Hongyang's salt and wine monopoly policy had caused resentment among the people, so he asked Emperor Wu to cook Hongyang because of the drought. , the sky is raining'.

During the reign of Emperor Wenzong of the Tang Dynasty, Zheng focused on authoritarianism and trapped Song Shenxi and others. When there was a severe drought, Wenzong asked for a way to make it rain, so Li Zhongmin wrote: "There is no way to make it rain today." There are so many ways to save the drought, why not follow these methods? If you ask for something but don't get it, there is nothing to pursue. The problem is to entrust it to God. Don't ask for help from people, don't ask for help from heaven, and accuse me of my faults with unfounded claims.

Alas, that's not the case! I've already tried it by asking the wizard to expose himself to the sun. , If you want to burn me today, wouldn’t it be a useless thing to do? Killing me will benefit mankind. Why don’t I die for the sake of praying for rain? If it is not achieved, will it increase the evil? It is unkind to kill; it is unwise to believe lightly; it is unkind and unwise, is it the arbitrary choice of Commander Zhenyang? I think these are all true, so I take the liberty to confide in you privately. "The subordinate in the dream. After apologizing, he immediately woke up and asked the commander of Zhenyang to release the white donkey.

At first people could not understand and were not happy to release the white donkey. Soon after, it started raining, and it continued for a month. The floods damaged the people's crops, and the harvest ended without any harvest.

People no longer talk about the white donkey.