Koguryo Ruins of Eight Scenes in Jilin Province
In 37 BC, Koguryo in northern Korea and northeast China established political power in the middle reaches of Yalu River and Hunjiang River basin. In AD 3, Koguryo moved its capital to the domestic city, which is today's Ji 'an city. Koguryo's capital ruled for 425 years, and then moved its capital to Pyongyang, North Korea, until 668. After the death of Koguryo in 668 AD, it experienced the Bohai Kingdom, Liao, Jin, Yuan and Ming Dynasties. During this period, the Koguryo Dynasty developed its own unique culture, absorbed the essence of the Central Plains culture and formed its own characteristic culture. In July, 24, the World Heritage Congress listed the China Koguryo Imperial City, Tombs and Noble Tombs on the World Heritage List, together with the Korean Koguryo Burial Tombs, forming a unique historical and cultural landscape-Koguryo style.
there are more than 1, Goguryeo-era tombs in the plains around Ji' an, which is the famous "Donggou Ancient Tombs" at home and abroad. In July, 24, the World Heritage Committee listed the Koguryo King Town, the Mausoleum and the Noble Tombs in Ji 'an on the World Cultural Heritage List. The representative general's grave is known as the pyramid of the East. Located at the foot of Longshan Mountain, 5 kilometers northeast of Ji 'an city, it looks like a giant stone tomb of the Egyptian pyramid. Approaching the stone tomb along the winding path, you can vaguely see the long grinding marks on the stone body. This is the "general's grave" known as the "Oriental Pyramid". As the tomb of Koguryo, the general grave is undoubtedly the most representative.
the main historical sites are
(1) General's Tomb
(2) King Tai Monument
(3) Koguryo Tomb Mural
(4) King Tai Tomb
(5) Marubu Mountain City
(6) Domestic City
(1) General's Tomb. Located at the foot of Longshan Mountain, 5 kilometers northeast of Ji 'an city, there is a huge stone tomb shaped like the Egyptian pyramid.
The General's Tomb is the representative of the stepped tomb of the Chinese altar in tens of thousands of Koguryo tombs in Ji 'an, and it is also one of the most magnificent ancient tombs in China. It stands at the foot of Longshan Mountain, looking at Yalu River in the south and Yushan Mountain in the north. Longshan and Yushan meet, and the general's grave is in between. From a distance, the two hills and the tall ancient tomb form the trend of "two dragons playing with pearls", and people all praise the general's grave for occupying a good "feng shui". Experts in China have proved through archaeology and research that this stepped tomb of the square altar should be the tomb of the 2th king of Koguryo, the "Longevity King".
the general's grave was built in the early 5th century, and it was built by more than 1,1 neatly chiseled rectangular granite strips, with pebbles and gravel in the middle. In order to prevent the stone from moving out under the pressure of its own weight, three huge grave-protecting stones were placed on each side. Except for a piece lost in the north, the other grave stones have been preserved intact so far. The general's grave is 12.4 meters high, and the tomb has a shape of seven steps. The opening of the tomb is in the middle of the fifth step. The tomb is covered with a whole stone slab weighing about 5 tons. There are two sarcophagus beds in the tomb, but the coffin and funerary objects have long since disappeared.
The "Longevity King" recorded in the literature is "outstanding in appearance and heroic in ambition". He inherited the inheritance created by his father "King Haotai" and continued to explore the territory. In order to develop to the south of the Korean Peninsula, he moved his capital to Pyongyang. Koguryo regime reached its peak in the period of "Longevity King" and became the most powerful country in Northeast Asia.
According to historical records, Koguryo people have a custom of heavy burial: "When a man and a woman are married, they will make a little funeral clothes. Heavy burial, gold, silver and money, all in death, stone accumulation as a seal, planting pines and cypresses. " The first thing the longevity king did after he ascended the throne was to bury his father with all the strength of the country. Since King Tai was safe, Longevity King began to build his own tomb. Compared with Haotai Mausoleum, Changshou Mausoleum is slightly smaller, but more luxurious. According to a large number of relics unearthed from the top of the tomb, such as blue-gray lotus tiles and chains, it can be inferred that there should be a building like a sleeping hall on the top of the tomb.
(2) Monument to King Tai
The ancient city of Ji 'an, surrounded by green mountains and green waters, looks like a lotus leaf standing still in the lake, while the Monument to King Tai, which has stood in the city for more than 1,5 years, looks like a drop of dew on the lotus leaf.
"The First Monument in the East" is located at the foot of Yushan Mountain, 4 kilometers east of Ji 'an City, Jilin Province, on the Tonggou Plain. It was erected for the tomb of the 19th generation king of Koguryo. It is tall, dignified and dark. According to historical records, the monument to King Hao Tai was built in the 1th year of Emperor Yixi in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (AD 414) and has a history of 159 years. It is made of a complete huge breccia tuff stone pillar with a little chisel. The monument is 6.39 meters high and its width varies from 1.34 meters to 2 meters. The weight of the tablet is about 37 tons, and the tablet body is slightly square column-shaped, with no tablet forehead. The whole stone tablet stands directly on an irregular granite slab without any external force.
"King Haotai" was named Tan De, who acceded to the throne at the age of 18 in 391 and died at the age of 39. posthumous title was "King Haotai, who opened up a vast territory in Guogang". Experts' research shows that King Haotai's 22-year reign was an unprecedented period of prosperity and development in Koguryo's history. With his strong economic and military strength, he explored the west in the east, occupied Liaodong, drove out the enemy, invaded the Han River and reduced the surplus, which made Koguryo's territory expand unprecedentedly.
The monument to King Hao Tai was erected by the longevity king to commemorate his father's achievements. The four sides of the tablet are engraved with inscriptions, which are official scripts of Chinese characters and are square and heavy. The inscription on all sides is in 44 vertical lines, with 41 words in each line and 1775 words in the original text. Thousands of years of wear and tear, as well as the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China when the fire burned off the moss and improperly expanded the characters, so that the tablet body was damaged to a certain extent, and the recognizable characters were only about 16 words. The meaning of the inscription is generally clear, but many historical and archaeological issues involved in sentence breaking and textual research are controversial, so Chinese and foreign scholars have written books and expressed their opinions. On July 1, 24, the monument to the King of Haotai, together with the tomb of the King of Taiwang, was approved as a world cultural heritage by the 28th session of the World Heritage Committee.
(3) Koguryo murals
The Koguryo regime was established in 37 BC, but the mural tombs appeared more than 3 years later. Archaeologists have confirmed that in the middle and late 2th century, a number of Koguryo mural tombs were cleared and excavated in China and Korea. There are 33 in China and 68 in North Korea. Koguryo mural tombs are mainly distributed in Ji 'an City, Jilin Province and North Korea. Most of these mural tombs are sealed stone tombs, accounting for more than 9%.
The early Koguryo mural tomb appeared in the first half of the 4th century. The contents of murals reproduce the social life of Koguryo princes and nobles, such as home, feasting, singing and dancing, hundreds of plays, traveling and so on. The way of painting is to paint the stone wall with white ash, and then paint on the white ash. Mural paintings better reflect the unique traditions of the nation, such as the corner-touching movement that resembles Japanese sumo today, the scene of horse riding and hunting, and other animals that are common in Changbai Mountain forest, such as tigers, deer, wild boar, bears, roe deer, white rabbits and pheasants.
After rain erosion, shedding and mildew are the problems faced by many Koguryo murals. In order to maximize the protection of murals, the vast majority of Koguryo mural tombs in China have been tightly closed and protected. In order to satisfy people's viewing desire, cultural relics protection workers adopted the technology of combining underground corridor and digital video during the maintenance of mural tombs, so that visitors can see the beauty of some "live" Koguryo tomb murals without stepping into the tombs.
(4) Beautiful natural scenery
It is distributed in the surrounding mountainous areas of Ji 'an Basin. The mountains are green because of water, and the water is green because of mountains. There is a magical natural landscape between green mountains and green waters, which is grand and majestic.
(1), Wunvfeng National Forest Park
(2), Yalu River Scenic Area
(3), Yunfeng Lake Scenic Resort
(4), Tiger Whistle Qingshui Mountain Resort
(5) Natural cave-Liuli Cave.