I want to find some information about Zheng Guo during the Spring and Autumn Period.

A Brief History of the State of Zheng

The period from 857 BC to 842 BC was the period when the tenth king of the Western Zhou Dynasty, King Zhou Li, Ji Hu, was in power. King Zhou Li was self-willed, suppressed speech, and implemented high-pressure measures against the people who dared to speak out, causing a "citizen riot", which caused King Li to escape from the palace. The two prime ministers, Zhao Gong and Zhou Gong, were responsible for the administration. This was known in history as "government and administration". ". Prince Ji Jing hid in Zhao Gong's house and survived; 14 years later, King Li died and Ji Jing officially ascended the throne as King Xuan. He worked hard to govern and determined to revive, and selected talents from the family who could help him revive. He took a fancy to his half-brother Ji You, and granted Ji You the title of Zheng Bo (a third-class vassal state) in Xianlin, Shaanxi Province, the land of Wangji. This was the last feudal vassal state of the Western Zhou Dynasty. Since then, the state of Zheng has existed.

After Zheng Huan Gong Ji You was granted the title, he managed the Zheng State in an orderly manner, which showed his ability to govern the country. King Zhou Xuan recognized his talents and invited Duke Huan to join the court as a disciple to take charge of education. Soon after King Xuan gave a banquet, King You succeeded to the throne, and Duke Huan was still serving as Situ in the court. However, King You was immoral, greedy for licentiousness, favored bad people, and was not involved in government affairs. He staged a ridiculous farce of "playing the princes with beacon fire". Coupled with the invasion of Rong and Di, the Zhou Dynasty was in a difficult situation internally and externally. All the officials in the DPRK were in panic. Duke Huan of Zheng was a royal official and worried about the country and the people, so he discussed with Uncle Tai Shi: "The royal family has many problems, how can we escape death?" (See "Guoyu·Gong Zheng Huan's Plan to Move the Country") This means asking Uncle Tai Shi: What is the day of the government? No, the country is about to perish. Where is the way out for Zheng? Tai Shibo is an official in charge of cultural and historical materials of various countries. He analyzed the situation of the four princely states in Chengzhou (today's Luoyang) and believed that the south, north, east and west were not Zheng's states. The only good places for the country to go are between Ji, Luo, He and Ying. He also pointed out: There are ten Zi (fourth-class vassal states) and two Nan (fifth-class vassal states) there. Guo and He are two big countries. , However, they are all arrogant and very greedy. If you use the Zhou Dynasty's difficulties as a reason to lend them a place to settle your family's property, he will have to agree. However, if something happens to the Zhou Dynasty, he will betray him. At that time, if you carry out a crusade in the name of the Zhou Dynasty, you will definitely win. If you win the land of Guo and Hao, the other eight countries will submit to you. If you manage this place with your talents, you will achieve great results. Tai Shibo's suggestion planned the development blueprint and struggle strategy for Zheng Guo's eastward movement. Later, he reminded Duke Huan earnestly: "...The king is angry, so Duke Guo will obey. The survival of the Zhou Dynasty depends on Sanmin!... If you want to avoid it, The difficulty is due to the quick rules. If you ask for help when the time comes, you may not be able to do it!" (See "Guoyu Zheng Huan Gong Plans to Move the Kingdom"). This is advice to Duke Huan. King You can no longer listen to any advice. He trusts The only one left is Guo Gong and Shifu. The Zhou Dynasty will not support him for a few more years. If you want to accommodate him, move him as soon as possible! If it is later, it may be too late.

After listening to Tai Shibo's advice, Duke Huan made a prompt decision and moved his family and property to Guo and Hao. This is what is known in history as "Huan Gong sent a child". It laid the foundation for the future Duke Wu to move eastward and establish the Zheng Kingdom for more than 400 years. It also laid the foundation for the Zheng family. Duke Huan of Zheng died on the battlefield to protect King You during the "Quirong Rebellion", and his reputation as a loyal minister will last forever. He was buried in Shaanxi after his death.

In 770 BC, Duke Huan of Zheng died in a national disaster, and he succeeded to the throne, known as Zheng Wugong in history. Zheng Wugong was a man of great talent and strategy. After the death of King You of Zhou, he, together with Duke Xiang of Qin, Duke Wu of Wei, and others, supported the crown prince Yijiu to inherit the throne, escorted him to move east to Luoyang, established the royal city, and was known as King Ping of Zhou in history.

Zheng Wugong took advantage of King Ping's move eastward and destroyed Guo and Hao successively, and successively incorporated Yan, Hu, Bu, Dan, Yi, Rui, Li and Hua into the territory of Zheng, and promoted the " "Wugong's strategy" and married Wu Jiang, the daughter of Marquis Shen. In 757 BC (the fourteenth year of King Ping of Zhou Dynasty), Huansheng (namely Duke Zhuang of Zheng) was born, and in 754 BC (the seventeenth year of King Ping of Zhou Dynasty), Duan (Gongshu Duan, known as the uncle in the capital in history) was born.

Zheng Wugong protected King Ping of Zhou Dynasty from moving eastward, and contributed to maintaining the unification of our country during the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. He then implemented policies including "freeing merchant slaves, developing industry and commerce, and prospering the economy; developing tidal flats, developing agriculture and mulberry trees, and strengthening the country and enriching the people; The "Wugong Strategy" of building rural schools, educating the people, and gathering public opinion; strengthening the capital, expanding cities, and consolidating national defense laid a solid foundation for Zheng's 400-year-old foundation.

After Zheng Wugong moved eastward, he inherited his father's position as Situ in the court because of his meritorious service in moving eastward. King Ping also granted the territory of Hulao within Zhou Ji to help Zheng develop and grow. Duke Wu of Zheng put forward the slogan of liberating merchants for a powerful country. "Businessmen" (or Shang slaves) were the backbone figures who served the Fu dynasty during the Yin and Shang Dynasties. There were many skilled craftsmen among them. Most of them were capable people with skills and business skills. After the Zhou Dynasty destroyed the Shang Dynasty, they were designated as hereditary slaves. Neither the person nor the property are protected.

After Duke Wu moved eastward, he saw that they were a force that could not be ignored in the construction of the country, so he preached to them: "You don't want me to rebel, I don't want to rape, or rob, you will be able to sell treasures, I won't and knowledge." (See "Baihua Shiji·Zheng Shijia Twelve"). "Businessmen" all supported Zheng Wugong and defected to Zheng one after another. They were all willing to be Zheng Wugong's subjects. Zheng's power grew rapidly. Zheng Wugong relied on this power to develop the tidal flats and wasteland, then strengthen the capital and expand the city including Hulao City. He also set up rural schools to educate the people and gather public opinion, which greatly mobilized people's enthusiasm to build and defend Zheng State. The historical stories of "Xian Gao rewarded the troops to retreat from the Qin soldiers" and "Zhu Zhiwu sent the city to retreat from the Qin soldiers" , which shows that Zheng people care about national affairs and actively defend the country. Zheng Wugong's progressive policies created a peaceful, stable and progressive living environment in Zheng State. "The Book of Songs·Zheng Feng" is a vivid portrayal of the peaceful and peaceful life of Zheng Guo at that time. Just when Zheng Wugong was ambitiously implementing the "Wugong's Strategy", King Ping of Zhou took back an area east of Hulao, forcing Zheng Wugong to go to the old land of Xi State and build a new capital in the exchange village of Xinmi City. In 744 BC (the twenty-seventh year of King Ping of Zhou Dynasty), before the new capital was built, Zheng Wugong became ill due to overwork and unfortunately died. He only reigned for 7 years.

Zheng Zhuanggong had a difficult birth, so his mother Jiang didn't like him very much and named him Wusheng. When Duke Wu was in power, Wu Jiang suggested several times that Duke Wu's younger brother, Gongshu Duan, be the crown prince, but Duke Wu refused. After Duke Wu died, 15-year-old Wensheng came to the throne and was called Duke Zhuang of Zheng.

Zheng Zhuanggong was located in the new capital created for him by Wu Gong (now the ancient Zheng City near the southeast exchange village of Xinmi City). His mother, Wu Jiang, was the first to launch an attack. She asked for a title for her uncle Duan. She first asked for the title of Zaizhi (today's Shangjie Village, Xingyang). Duke Zhuang was in danger of being granted a title by controlling the land, and he was having disputes with the Zhou royal family and did not agree. Then he asked for a seal in Beijing. Beijing was the old capital and needed capable people to guard it. Duke Zhuang agreed. Uncle Duan was a handsome young man and very talented. The people in the capital loved him and called him "Uncle in the capital". "Uncle Yu Tian" and "Uncle Yu Tian" in "The Book of Songs·Zheng Feng" are all chapters praising Gongshu Duan. Duan operated in the capital for 22 years. Later, he colluded with his mother and plotted to rebel against Duke Zhuang. He was defeated by Duke Zhuang and fled to Jiangxi. This is the story of "Zheng Bo Duan Yu Yan" mentioned in "Zuo Zhuan".

While resolving the internal conflicts in the palace, Zheng Zhuanggong actively expanded the army, opened up the territory, and attacked the guards first. He also formed an alliance with Qi to attack Yi, Song, and invade Chen. He was more radical than Wu Gong, and he seemed to be a small army. He claimed to be the hegemon, which aroused the dissatisfaction of King Zhou Ping. In 719 BC, King Ping of Zhou died and King Huan ascended the throne. King Huan did not trust Duke Zhuang of Zheng, so he replaced Duke Zhuang with his father-in-law, Duke Guo. Duke Zhuang of Zheng was dissatisfied and went to court for this, which led to the deterioration of the relationship between Zhou and Zheng, and even led to the exchange of hostages between the Zhou royal family and Zheng, which is what history calls the "Zhou-Zheng cross-exchange." Prince Hu of Zhou and Prince Hu of Zheng exchanged hostages with each other. Duke Zhuang of Zheng also sent Jizu to lead people to harvest wheat from Wen Di, and then harvested it into Zhou Zhihe. The relationship between Zhou and Zheng further deteriorated. In 715 BC (the fifth year of King Huan), Duke Guo's father-in-law was officially appointed as a minister of the Zhou Dynasty. In 712 BC (the eighth year of King Huan), the Zhou royal family took back the lands occupied by Zheng such as Wu, Liu (today's south of Yanshi), Wei (today's northeast of Mengjin), and Han (today's northwest of Qinyang), and exchanged the original There are 12 towns belonging to Su Angersheng, namely Wen (now Wen County), Yuan, Xi, Xiang, Fan (all in today's Jiyuan), Huai, Xiancheng (now Wuzhi), and Zaimao (now Xiu Wubei) , League (today's east of Mengjin), Ji (today's west of Qinyang), and Na (today's Huojiabei). These places, across the Yellow River from Zheng State, were actually the spheres of influence of Wei and Jin. This not only increased management troubles, but also increased conflicts and frictions with Wei and Jin. Duke Zhuang of Zheng was very worried about this and did not go to court for several years.

In 707 BC (the thirteenth year of King Huan of Zhou), King Huan of Zhou dismissed him from the post of Situ in the Zhuang Dynasty, and personally led the coalition of princes to attack the state of Zheng. He was shot in the shoulder by Zhu Ran of the state of Zheng. It is known in history as "shooting the king in the shoulder". "When Zhu Ran shot another arrow, he was stopped by Zhuang Gong and said: "A gentleman does not want to have one more person, how dare he dare to overwhelm the emperor!" He also sent a foot sacrifice to condolences King Huan. This aspect shows that Zheng Zhuang Gong is a "little tyrant in the Spring and Autumn Period. "Already capable of contending with the Zhou Dynasty, on the other hand, as a minister of the Zhou Dynasty, his resistance to the Zhou Dynasty is reasonable and measured.

In 701 BC (the forty-third year of Duke Zheng Zhuang), Duke Zheng Zhuang died of illness at the age of 57 and was buried in today's Xinmi City. Duke Zhuang of Zheng ruled the State of Zheng for 43 years, which was the most prosperous period of the State of Zheng. At this time, the territory of the State of Zheng included Yueyi (today's Yushi City) in the south, Qifeng (today's Kaifeng) in the east, intersecting with Wei and Jin in the north, and controlling Gong in the west. , Luo, coerced the Song Dynasty and threatened the Northern Rong. They were often ordered by the king to attack rebellious ministers and resisted the king's orders to advocate justice. Zheng Zhuanggong contributed to the development of the Central Plains.

In the 27 years after the death of Duke Zhuang of Zheng, internal strife broke out in the State of Zheng among four princes competing for the throne. Duke Zhuang passed the throne to his eldest son, Prince Hu, who suddenly took the throne and was called Duke Zhao. Within three months, Gongzi Tu and Zheng Xiang Ji Zhong, with the connivance and support of the Song Dynasty, drove Zhao Gong abroad (to the state of Wei), and Gongzi Tu ascended the throne and was called Li Gong. At this time, "Prince Decadence and Chaos" also occurred in the Zhou royal family, which drove King Zhou Hui from power. Duke Li of Zheng (Zitu) stood on King Hui's side, received King Hui in Quedi (today's Yuzhou City), and assisted King Hui of Zhou to put down the "Zidai Rebellion". Because of King Li Gongqin's meritorious service, King Zhou Hui gave the land east of Hulao to Zheng again. The relationship between Zhou and Zheng eased. Duke Li of Zheng did not want to be Ji Zhong's puppet and attempted to murder Ji Zhong. As a result, Ji Zhong was driven to the state of Cai by leaking the secret. Duke Zhao was recalled to be the king again. Duke Zhao made Gao Qumi his minister, but Gao Qumi refused to listen to Duke Zhao's advice and killed Duke Zhao's son (氵师), which caused conflicts in Zheng Guoxin. At that time, with the support of the Song, Qi, Cai, Chen and other kingdoms and the Zhou royal family, Duke Li lived in Yueyi (now Yuzhou City) in Zhengdi. Zi Mao was the king for nine months before he was killed by the Marquis of Qi. Qu Mi was also torn apart by a car and died. The real power of Zheng State returned to Ji Zhong. Because Ji Zhong was at odds with Li Gong, he had no choice but to bring back Gong Ziying from Chen as the king. Li Gong and Zi Ying existed at the same time. Since Ziying reigned for 14 years and never had an era name, the historical records list Ziying under the order of Li Gong. In 680 BC (the fourteenth year of Ziying), Duke Li of Zheng went to Yubei and received the support of Fu Xia, the Prime Minister of Zheng at that time. Fu Xia killed Ziying and his two sons and accepted Duke Li. This time when Duke Li returned to the country, he knew that his powerful ministers would harm the country, so he killed Fu Xia and ruled independently. At this point, the struggle between the four princes of Zheng State to seize power had subsided. From the accession of Duke Zhuang of Zheng to the throne in 743 BC to the death of Duke Zheng Li in 673 BC, the second capital after the Zheng State moved eastward was in the hometown of the State of Hao (now the ancient Zheng City near Huhuozhai, Xinmi City) in 70 years. There were several major events, such as in 719 BC (the first year of King Huan of Zhou), the allied forces of Song, Chen, Cai, and Wei attacked Zheng and surrounded its east gate for five days; in 712 BC, Zheng attacked Xu, Gongsun Que and Yingkao Incidents such as uncles fighting over cars all happened here. Chapters such as "Jiang Zhongzi", "A Girl Riding a Car", and "Qin Wei" in "The Book of Songs·Zheng Feng" are all folk songs from this period.

Gong Wen moved the capital and the political situation was stable. As early as during the reign of Duke Zheng Zhuang, he took a fancy to the place where the Yellow Emperor had built a bad city in the past, and started to build a more grand and open capital here. By the time of Wen Gongjie (671 BC, the second year of Wen Gong), the capital was officially moved here, which is now the "Xinzheng Ancient City".

During the 45 years of Zheng Wengong's reign, Song and Lu were in decline, while Qi, Jin, Qin, and Chu were emerging. Zheng State was located in the territory of Wangji and was a focus of competition among the great powers. Because Zheng Wengong was able to correctly handle relations with various countries, whether he rejected alliances or made alliances, all based on the security and stability of his own country, he gained Zheng's peaceful development. Coupled with the major moves to move the capital to Xinzheng and rectify the internal affairs, they all played a huge role in the consolidation and development of the Zheng State. During the 45 years of Duke Wen's rule, he experienced 25 major events related to the Zheng State, such as joining alliances, rejecting alliances, attacking Zheng, and rescuing Zheng. It was indeed not easy for Zheng to survive in the cracks of great powers competing for hegemony. In addition to moving the capital during Duke Wen's period, there were two other things worth mentioning. One is the "Zidai Rebellion" that occurred in the Zhou royal family in 636 BC (the thirty-seventh year of Duke Wen).

King Zhou Xiang was expelled and took refuge in Zheng. Zheng Wengong welcomed King Zhou to live in the capital. This was another act of King Qin of Zheng. From then on, the capital city was renamed "Jingxiang City". In the current Jingxiangcheng Village, there are still ruins and relics such as "Yulugang" where King Xiang walked and "Laowang Chew" where King Xiang lived. Another thing, It was "Zhu Zhiwu retired from the Qin army". Zhu Zhiwu was a "businessman" who made a fortune in the candle business. Someone recommended him to Wen Gong, but Wen Gong did not reuse him. He was engaged in candle business in Qin State and made great contributions to Qin State. Therefore, he had a good relationship with Qin Mu Gong. When Jin and Qin formed an alliance to besiege the capital of Zheng, Zheng Wengong accepted the advice of others and asked him to retreat from the Qin army. Zhu Zhiwu was originally a businessman. In order to repay the king's kindness in releasing the "merchant slaves", he was lowered with a rope outside the city. Duke Mu of Qin, who besieged Zheng, stated that it was better to destroy Zheng than to preserve Zheng. Duke Mu of Qin accepted Zhu Zhiwu's advice, retreated to Qin, and rescued Zheng. In short, Zheng Wengong was in power for 45 years. He respected the king of Zhou, was good to his neighbors, and was tolerant to his people. He won unprecedented stability and development in Zheng and made significant contributions to the foundation of Zheng that lasted for more than 400 years.

After the State of Zheng, it passed through Zheng Mugong (reigned for 22 years), Zheng Linggong (reigned for 1 year), Zheng Xianggong (reigned for 18 years), Zheng Aogong (reigned for 2 years), Zheng Chenggong (reigned for 2 years) Reigned for 14 years), Zheng Yugong (reigned for 5 years), Zheng Jiangong (reigned for 36 years), Zheng Dinggong (reigned for 16 years), Zheng Xiangong (reigned for 13 years), Zheng Shenggong (reigned for 38 years), Zheng *** Although the governance of 15 kings including Duke Zheng (reigned 30 years), Duke Ai of Zheng (reigned 8 years), Duke You of Zheng (reigned 1 year), Duke Zheng Ru (reigned 27 years), and Duke Kang of Zheng (reigned 21 years), went through many difficulties There were twists and turns, but after all it lasted for more than 240 years. This is the period of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty in the history of our country. The emperor of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty during this period was actually in name only. But if any country wants to dominate, it must use the banner of the Emperor of Zhou, so it often happens that the Emperor is coerced to control the princes. Due to the relationship between Zheng State and the Zhou Dynasty and its geographical location, Zheng State became an important area that the princes must compete for hegemony. In the 431 years of the 14 generations and 23 kings of the Zheng Kingdom, there were about 140 major and minor wars. In the 242 years after Zheng Mugong, there were more than 90 times, including 42 defeats, 31 military expeditions against other countries, and the destruction of the Xu Kingdom. . In critical moments, he was rescued by other vassal states 11 times and sent troops to rescue other countries 2 times.

Zheng Mugong, reigned for 22 years. When his mother gave birth to him, he dreamed that an angel gave him an orchid, so he was named "Lan". His father, Zheng Wengong, accepted the lessons of the internal strife in the palace during the Li Gong period and had serious internal taboos. In order to prevent the recurrence of the internal strife among the princes, he expelled all the princes from the country. Prince Lan ran to Jin and later became a general of Jin. When he followed the Jin Dynasty to conquer Zheng, he was praised for avoiding the siege of Zheng City. Under the pressure of the king of Zhou, other countries, and public opinion, Zheng Wengong took Gongzilan back to the state of Zheng. When Wen Gong passed away, Gong Zilan succeeded to the throne and was called Zheng Mugong. As soon as Prince Lan ascended the throne, he encountered the major event of Duke Mu of Qin's attack on Zheng. Xian Gao, a cattle merchant from Zheng, met the Qin soldiers who invaded Zheng on the way to sell cattle. He gave 12 of his cattle to Qin Jun, it is assumed that Jun Zheng sent him to send cattle to comfort the Qin Jun, in order to paralyze the Qin Jun's fighting spirit, so he took the opportunity to urgently report the news of the Qin Jun's invasion to Zheng Jun. While Zheng Jun was preparing to meet the enemy, he sent people to lobby. When the Qin army learned that Zheng Guo was prepared, they destroyed Hua State and returned. On the way back to the army, the Jin State took the opportunity to defeat him and destroyed 300 chariots.

After Zheng Mugong ascended the throne, it was the historical stage when Jin and Chu were fighting for hegemony in the Central Plains. For the security of his country and the interests of the Zhou Dynasty, Zheng Mugong had to use diplomatic means to sometimes submit to Jin and sometimes submit to Chu. However, both Jin and Chu would never let Zheng be destroyed by any country. The vassal states rescued Zheng many times. Today, the Zheng Clan Association in Thailand uses orchids as their emblem. The reason for this is that the orchid was named after Mu Gong.

Zheng Zichan, the youngest son of Zheng Chenggong, also known as Gongsun Qiao, admired Zhou Gong's demeanor when he was young, and developed a character of benevolence, loyalty, humility and honesty. Zichan was a statesman in the Spring and Autumn Period. He was a scholar of Zheng Qing. He started by adjusting relations with other countries in order to get rid of the passive situation of being close to Jin, then Chu would attack, and being close to Chu, then Jin would attack. He first improved relations with the neighboring Song State to the east, and then persuaded Duke Jian (the king of Zheng State) to go to Jin in person to ask for peace. Then he sent people to attend the alliance meeting between Jin, Chu, Qi and other countries in Song State, and negotiated with the surrounding princes and states. Good relationships were established.

In the 21st year of Duke Jian's reign, he sent someone to Jin to report the situation of peace with Chu, and received Jin's understanding. Later, he personally accompanied Duke Jian to Chu to develop good-neighborly and friendly relations. At the same time, he stated to Chu that he would maintain friendly relations with Jin and strived for the King of Chu's understanding. Zichan's good-neighbor policy won decades of peace for Zheng. During the decades when Zichan was prime minister, Zheng was basically free of war. Soon after Zishan's death, Zheng Guo was involved in the whirlpool of war again.

Zheng Rugong, Zheng Rugong was the second son of You Gong and reigned for 27 years. At this time, the three families of Han, Zhao, and Wei separated the Jin State and established princes. Qi, Chu, Yan, and Qin were in charge of their own affairs. The situation of the Seven Heroes of the Warring States Period has begun to take shape. Several key cities of the Zheng State were taken away by the Jin State, and its territory was reduced by half. Merchants and people who had contributed to the prosperity of the Zheng State fled away one after another. However, Han Wuzi's invasion of Zheng State intensified and took away Yongqiu (today's Qixian County). The capital (Xinzheng) was threatened. In the fifteenth year of Rugong (408 BC), the capital was forced to move to the capital. At the same time, people and financial resources were used to strengthen the Great Wall (from Wangzongdian in Cuimiao Township, Xingyang to Xinmi City). After consolidating the western border, he adopted the strategy of avoiding the strong and attacking the weak, making contact with distant enemies and attacking closely. He sent troops to join forces with Qi to attack the guards, and captured Guanqiu, the main city of Weiguo (in today's Caoxian County, Shandong), and obtained many trophies. . After that, he vowed to attack and seize Korea's negative millet (in today's Dengfeng territory). Eight years later (400 BC), Zheng Guo used all his strength to attack Yangzhai (now Yuzhou City), the capital of Korea, and defeated Zheng Guo. Another exciting scene. At this critical moment, Chu attacked Zheng again and Zheng failed. Duke Confucianism killed the Prime Minister Si Ziyang in order to flatter Chu, which aroused the opposition of the countrymen, internal mutiny, and the alienation of the monarch and his ministers. Si Ziyang's party members killed Duke Confucianism and established You Gong's younger brother Yi as king. He was Zheng Junyi, namely Zheng Kanggong.

Zheng Kanggong was the last king of the Zheng Kingdom. After reigning for 21 years, at the beginning of Kanggong's accession to the throne, Si Ziyang's party members took control of the power. Fusui, who had just been recaptured from South Korea, betrayed Zheng and returned to South Korea. This was a great blow to Zheng. The country was dealt a heavy blow. In the second year of Kanggong's reign, the Wei State invaded Zheng from the north, captured Suanzao Mountain (in today's Yanjin territory), and built the Suanzao Mountain City. In the eleventh year of Zheng Kanggong's reign, South Korea took the opportunity to attack Zheng with all its troops and captured Yangcheng in one fell swoop. The Great Wall built by Zheng Guo here was breached, and Zheng Guo's territory was reduced to the present-day Xingyang, Xinmi, and Zhengzhou Xinzheng areas. Zheng fought hard in this small area for 20 years. In the 21st year of Duke Kang of Zheng (375 BC), Han Aihou launched his final attack on Zheng, killing the king, annexing the territory, and establishing his capital in Xinzheng (now the ancient city of Zhenghan). , the Zheng Kingdom, which lasted for 431 years, 14 generations and 23 kings, died.

After Zheng was annexed by South Korea, Zheng Yougong’s son Gongzi Lu led some of Zheng’s clan members, troops, and people to flee in a hurry and supported him between Chen and Song (now Huaiyang and Shangqiu areas in Henan). As the leader, he took the title of "Nanli Jun". From then on, he took Guo as his surname to express his memory of his ancestors. From then on, the surname Zheng began to appear. This marks the beginning of the Zheng surname era, but it does not mean that only the Zheng family who fled with Duke Lu have the surname Zheng.

Though the Zheng clan members who were stranded in their hometown due to various reasons became Korean subjects, they all took Guo as their surname and actively participated in the excavation of Xingze (now northwest Zhengzhou) and Putianze (now Zhongmuxi). The large canal in Putian Township area). In these water conservancy projects, a famous water conservancy expert, Zheng Guo, was trained. He was sent by the King of Han to the Qin State to lobby for the construction of canals in order to consume the Qin State's national power and make it unable to conquer the east. Qin did not see through its purpose and accepted Zheng Guo's suggestion. It recruited a large number of migrant workers and Zheng Guo took charge of building the canal. Zheng Guo used this to extend the life of South Korea for several years and also made eternal contributions to Qin. After the canal was completed, there was a fertile wilderness in Guanzhong, and in good years, Qin became a prosperous state, and then annexed the princes and unified the whole country. In order to thank Zheng Guo for his contribution to building the canal, the State of Qin named this canal "Zheng Guo Canal". There is also a group of Zheng clan members who stayed in the original location (Huaxian, Shaanxi) after Zheng moved eastward. When Rong and Di invaded, they fled to the present-day Hanzhong area to build "Nanzheng", which later became Nanzheng County of Qin. The descendants of the clan also took the surname Zheng and were scattered throughout Sichuan and Shaanxi. Zheng Anping, the general of the Qin Army, was the representative of this branch.

In addition, there is one of the earliest Zheng clans in the east of Feixian County, Shandong Province. This was in the early days of the establishment of the Zheng State. The Zhou royal family handed over Fangyi, which was used to worship Mount Tai in the Lu State, to the Zheng State for management. During the Zheng Zhuanggong period, the Zheng State and the Lu State transferred Fang, Xu made an exchange, and the Zheng State only left the place "Bing" (18 miles east of present-day Feixian County, Shandong Province) as a place to bathe and change clothes in honor of Mount Tai, and was guarded by clan members. After the fall of the Zheng State, Guo was also used as the surname. Became the early Zheng family in Shandong.