Is there a leap month, leap month? How is it calculated?
1949 leap July 1952 leap may 1955 leap March 1957 leap August 1960 leap June.
1963 leap April 1966 leap March 1968 leap July 197 1 leap may 1974 leap April.
1976 leap August 1979 leap June 1982 leap April 1984 leap October 1987 leap June.
1990 leap may 1993 leap March 1995 leap August 1998 leap may 200 1 leap April.
Leap in February 2004, leap in July 2006, leap in May 20 12, leap in April 20 14, leap in September.
20 17 leap in June 2020 leap in April.
Why is there a leap month in the lunar calendar? The lunar leap month is to coordinate the contradiction between the tropic year and the lunar year.
What is the contradiction between the tropic year and the lunar year? Remember first: the total length of the tropic year is 365.2422 days, and the length of the first lunar month is 29.5306 days.
12 lunar months constitute lunar years, with a length of 29.5306× 12=354.3546 days, which is 10.88 days less than the regression and about 1/kloc-0 less than the monthly 0.9 1 day.
Accordingly, if the Spring Festival in one year of the lunar calendar is a snowy winter, the Spring Festival in the next year will be 1 1 day earlier than the season, and 16 Lunar New Year will appear in the hot summer.
If the lunar year consists of thirteen lunar months, the length is 29.5306× 13=383.8978 days, which is more than the tropic year 18 days.
If the calendar is made according to the above regulations, there will be a strange phenomenon that the weather is inconsistent with the calendar and the time order is disordered and reversed-this is contradiction.
In order to overcome this shortcoming, our ancestors found the method of "leap month" on the basis of astronomical observation, ensuring that the first month to March is spring, April to June is summer, July to September is autumn, and October to December is winter, while ensuring that the first year of the lunar calendar is in late winter and early spring.
The mid-year month of the lunar calendar is based on the length of 29.5306 days in the first lunar month, so the big month is 30 days and the small month is 29 days. In order to ensure that the first day of each month (the first day) must be a new moon, the arrangement of large and small months is not fixed and needs to be determined through strict observation and calculation. Therefore, it is very common to be big or small for two consecutive months in the lunar calendar, and even there are rare exceptions, such as 1990 in which March and April are small, and 9, 10,1,1February are big for four consecutive months.
So how often do you add leap months? The best way is to find the least common multiple of the number of days in the tropical year and the number of days in the lunar month: we hope that the number of days in m tropical years is equal to the number of days in n lunar months, that is, there should be an equation:
m×365.2422=n×29.5306
In this equation, we can't directly find out m and n, but we can find out their proportions:
The approximate value of this ratio is:
In these fractions, the numerator represents the number of tropical years and the denominator represents the number of moons. For example, the sixth score means that seven leap months must be added to 19 tropical year.
Comparison of the results of adding 7 leap months in 19 tropical year;
19 tropical year =19× 365.2422 = 6939.438+018 (days)
A lunar month has 29.5306 days, and 235 lunar months = 235× 29.5306 = 6939+38 days.
19 tropic year plus 7 leap months, the contradiction is eliminated: 6939.438+00-6939.18 = 0.0892 (days)-that is, more than 2 hours and 9 minutes, which is accurate enough.
Therefore, the lunar calendar adopts the method of 19 plus 7 leap months, that is, the "19 7 leap month method", which well coordinates the return year and the lunar year, so that the New Year's Day (Spring Festival) of the lunar calendar is always kept in the late winter and early spring. The ancients called 235 new moons "leap weeks".
The method of placing leap in the lunar calendar can make the average length of the lunar year close to the tropic year. The moon in the lunar calendar has distinct moon phase characteristics, which keeps the best characteristics of both the solar calendar and the lunar calendar.
At present, the method of setting leap is between two winter solstice. If it is only 12 months, it is not a leap; if it is 13 months, it is a leap. The leap month begins on the "winter solstice". When there is no "neutral spirit" in the first month, this month is a leap month, and its name is to add the word "leap" before the previous month.
What month is the lunar leap month? It depends on the 24 solar terms in a year.
In the China lunar calendar, 24 solar terms are divided into 12 solar terms and 12 neutral terms.
The lunar calendar takes the moon as the cycle (lunar calendar), and the December calendar is about 354 days. Combined with the almanac (solar calendar), the almanac is compiled according to the four-season cycle formed by the revolution of the earth. The monthly calendar is shorter than the annual calendar by 1 1 day. Therefore, it is necessary to add 7 leap months every 19 years to make up for the error. Deciding which month is a leap month depends on 24 solar terms. Lunar months usually include a solar term and a neutral atmosphere, such as the autumnal equinox. If a lunar month has only solar terms but no neutral atmosphere, one more month will be added to the calendar as a leap month. Taking 2006 as an example, July of the lunar calendar happened to be a month with solar terms but no neutral atmosphere, so there was an adjustment error in July.
The date of the twenty-four solar terms of the lunar calendar is postponed month by month, so in some lunar months, the gas falls at the end of the month, and it will be out of gas next month.
Generally, there will be a month without gas every two years, which coincides with the year when leap months are needed. Therefore, the lunar calendar stipulates that non-neutral months are leap months.
For example, April 29th of the 200 1 lunar calendar is full of breath, and the first day of every other month is the solstice of the next summer. If there is no gas this month, it will be a leap month, after April, so it is called leap April.
How to calculate leap month in leap year? In the Gregorian calendar (Gregorian calendar), a year with leap days is called leap year, which is generally 365 days and 366 days. Because the earth's cycle around the sun is 365 days, 5 hours, 48 minutes and 46 seconds (365,438+09 days), which is the tropic year, the Gregorian calendar sets a year as 365 days. The remaining time is about one day in four years, plus February, so the normal year is 365 days, February is 28 days, leap year is 366 days, and February is 29 days. So every 400 years, there are 97 leap years, with one day added at the end of February and 366 days in leap years. Calculation method of leap year: the number of years in the calendar year can be divisible by four, which is a leap year; Divided by 100 but not divided by 400 is an average year; Leap years can be divisible by 100 or 400. For example, 2000 is a leap year, and 1900 is not.
In the China lunar calendar, a year with a leap month is called a leap year. The general year is 12 months, 354 or 355 days, and the leap year is 13 months, 383 or 384 days. As a kind of lunar calendar, the number of days in each month depends on the monthly loss, and the time of one year is based on 12 months. In order to close the earth's cycle around the sun, that is, the tropic year, one month is added every two to four years, and the added month is a leap month, so the leap year of the lunar calendar is 13 months.
There is no thirteenth month in the lunar calendar. According to the calendar rules, leap months are repeated from February to the same month after 10, and the repeated months are leap months. For example, the leap month after April is called leap April.
Calculation of leap month in lunar leap year, three-year leap, five-year leap, 19 leap; The lunar calendar basically takes 19 as a cycle, corresponding to the same time in the Gregorian calendar. For example, in the Gregorian calendar, May 27th, 2006, 5438+0, May 27th 1982 and May 27th 1963 are the fifth day of leap April.
The month of the leap month is inferred according to the laws of the lunar calendar, mainly according to the coincidence with the 24 solar terms of the lunar calendar;
The number of leap months in the lunar calendar is 29 or 30 days, just like normal months.
The so-called "leap" in the lunar calendar is just called leap year and leap month, and there are also leap years in the solar calendar.
Gregorian calendar 1982-2042 and lunar leap year leap month comparison table
The year of the leap month (the first day) in the Gregorian calendar month.
1May 23, 982, leap April, small non-year.
1984165438+1October 23rd, October of leap year.
1July 26, 987, leap June, big year.
1June 23, 990, leap in May, year of Dageng Wunian.
1April 22, 993 March of leap year.
1995 August 25th of leap year.
1June 24, 998 leap year may small wuyin year
200 1 leap April, Xinsi year.
March 2 1 day, 2004, was February of the Great Shen Jianian.
August 24, 2006, leap July, the year of Taepo B.
June 23, 2009, leap May, the year of great ugliness.
20 12 may 2 1 leap April, the year of Xiao renchen.
2014101October 24th, leap in September, Xiao Wu's good year.
2065438+July 23, 2007, leap June, Dading Unitary Year.
May 23, 2020, leap into April, the year of little boxer.
March 22, 2023, leap February, the year of the Great Guimao.
July 25, 2025, leap June, has been four years.
June 23, 2028, leap in May.
April 22, 20031year, leap into March, 1911.
August 25th, 2033, July of leap year.
July 23, 2036, leap June, Xiao nian.
June 22, 2039, leap in May, has not yet reached the end of the year.
March 22, 2042, leap February, a big year.
2004 is a leap year in the Gregorian calendar. February has 29 days, 28 days more than February in normal years. The ancient Egyptians and calendar experts in China during the Spring and Autumn Period calculated that a year was 365 days. In fact, the time for the earth to go around the sun (that is, a year in the solar calendar) is 365 days, 5: 48: 46. This adds 23: 15 minutes and 4 seconds in four years, which is close to one day (24 hours). Therefore, calendar experts stipulate that a "leap year" is set every four years, that is, one day is added in February this year, also called "leap day", and later it is stipulated that 97 leap years are set every 400 years.
2004 is the year of Shen Jia in the lunar calendar and also a leap year. Lunar calendar calls it "leap month", that is, one more month in a year, that is, 13 months. There is a lunar calendar in the ancient calendar of China, in which the period of full moon is one month, the period of big moon is 30 days in odd months, the period of small moon is 29 days in odd months, and the period of a year is 354 days, which is 1 1 day less than the time for the earth to go around the sun, and more than 33 days less than three years. Therefore, calendar experts stipulate that a "leap month" should be set up every three years. For the sake of accuracy, it is also stipulated that 19 should set seven "leap month" years.
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1989 Is there a leap month? What month is it now? How to calculate leap month? Leap month refers to the month added in each leap year in the lunar calendar (in order to coordinate the contradiction between the tropic year and the lunar year and prevent the lunar year from being out of touch with the tropic year and the four seasons, 1 leap, 19 is set every two to three years). Sometimes, a leap month also refers to a month that includes a leap day in a leap year (especially in February of a leap year in the Gregorian calendar).
Lunar leap month and its calculation: why is there a leap month in the lunar calendar? The lunar leap month is to coordinate the contradiction between the tropic year and the lunar year. What is the contradiction between the tropic year and the lunar year? Remember first: the total length of the tropic year is 365.2422 days, and the length of the first lunar month is 29.5306 days. 12 lunar months make up the lunar year, with a length of 29.5306× 12=354.3672 days, which is 10.88 days less than the regression, and about1/kloc-0 per month less than 0.9 1 day. Accordingly, if the Spring Festival in one year of the lunar calendar is a snowy winter, the Spring Festival in the next year will be 1 1 day earlier than the season, and 16 Lunar New Year will appear in the hot summer. If the lunar year consists of thirteen lunar months, the length is 29.5306× 13=383.8978 days, which is more than the tropic year 18 days. If the calendar is made according to the above regulations, there will be a strange phenomenon that the weather is inconsistent with the calendar and the time order is disordered and reversed-this is contradiction. In order to overcome this shortcoming, our ancestors found the method of "leap month" on the basis of astronomical observation, ensuring that the first month to March is spring, April to June is summer, July to September is autumn, and October to December is winter, while ensuring that the first year of the lunar calendar is in late winter and early spring. The mid-year month of the lunar calendar is based on the length of 29.5306 days in the first lunar month, so the big month is 30 days and the small month is 29 days. In order to ensure that the first day of each month (the first day) must be a new moon, the arrangement of large and small months is not fixed and needs to be determined through strict observation and calculation. Therefore, it is very common to be big or small for two consecutive months in the lunar calendar, and even there are rare exceptions, such as 1990 in which March and April are small, and 9, 10,1,1February are big for four consecutive months. So how often do you add leap months? The best way is to find the least common multiple of the number of days in the tropic year and the number of days in the lunar month: we hope that the number of days in the tropic year is equal to the number of days in the lunar month, that is, there should be an equation: m×365.2422=n×29.5306. In this equation, we can't work out M and N directly, but we can work out their proportions: the approximate value of this proportion is: in these fractions, the numerator represents the number of years of the tropic of cancer. For example, the sixth score means that seven leap months must be added to 19 tropical year. 19 tropical year plus 7 leap months: 19 tropical year =19× 365.2422 = 6939.6018 (days). A lunar month has 29.5306 days, and 235 lunar months = 235 × 29. The contradiction only eliminates one difference: 6939.438+00-6939.438+08 = 0.092 (days)-that is, more than 2 hours and 9 minutes, which is accurate enough. Therefore, the lunar calendar adopts the method of 19 plus 7 leap months, that is, the "19 7 leap month method", which well coordinates the return year and the lunar year, so that the New Year's Day (Spring Festival) of the lunar calendar is always kept in the late winter and early spring. The ancients called 235 new moons "leap weeks". The method of placing leap in the lunar calendar can make the average length of the lunar year close to the tropic year. The moon in the lunar calendar has distinct moon phase characteristics, which keeps the best characteristics of both the solar calendar and the lunar calendar. At present, the method of setting leap is between two winter solstice. If it is only 12 months, it is not a leap; if it is 13 months, it is a leap. The leap month begins on the "winter solstice". When there is no "neutral spirit" in the first month, this month is a leap month, and its name is to add the word "leap" before the previous month. What month is the lunar leap month? It depends on the 24 solar terms in a year. In the China lunar calendar, 24 solar terms are divided into 12 solar terms and 12 neutral terms. The date of the twenty-four solar terms of the lunar calendar is postponed month by month, so in some lunar months, the gas falls at the end of the month, and it will be out of gas next month. Generally, there will be a month without gas every two years, which coincides with the year when leap months are needed. Therefore, the lunar calendar stipulates that non-neutral months are leap months. For example, April 29th of lunar calendar 200 1 is full of breath, and the first day of next month is the next summer solstice in Qi. If there is no gas this month, it will be a leap month, after April, so it is called April and June. For details about the lunar leap month, please refer to "Zhong You and the leap month" and "Seven Leaps in Nineteen Years". This year, Valentine's Day in China will not last more than two leap months. This year is the third year of the lunar calendar. So why is there a leap month in the lunar calendar? How to calculate leap month? Is "double spring and leap moon" a rare phenomenon? Will there be two "Tanabata" in leap July? With all kinds of questions, the reporter interviewed Li Defan, a member of the Chinese Astronomical Society, and Ni Baocheng, a famous folklore expert who has been committed to popularizing astronomical knowledge for many years. Lunar leap moon and solar terms Li Defan said that the China lunar calendar is commonly known as the lunar calendar. In fact, it is not a real lunar calendar, but a combination of yin and yang calendars. At noon, the cycle of the height change of the sun shadow is called the tropic year, and its cycle is 365.2422 days. The length of the tropic year has a decimal part, which is inconvenient for the actual calendar year, so the total number of days in a year is set to 365 days or 366 days in the solar calendar (leap year). In the lunar calendar, the period of the moon is one month, and the period of one month is 29.5306 days. In order to make the monthly calendar contain no decimals and accurately reflect the cycle of the moon, there are two special cases of "small moon" and "big moon", with 29 days for small moon and 30 days for big moon. In this way, taking1February as a year, there are only 354 or 355 days in the whole year, which is about 1 1 day less than the solar calendar. In order to make the average length of lunar year close to the tropic year, the method of "7 leap months in 19" is adopted, so that every 7 years in 19 is 13 months, thus keeping the beginning of a year around beginning of spring. Everyone knows that the lunar leap month is once every three or two years. So is there any law in leap months? Li Defan said that leap months are possible, but there are not many leap months around the Spring Festival. I have seldom heard of two Spring Festivals. Lunar leap month is determined according to the twenty-four solar terms, which are divided into twelve solar terms and twelve solar terms, which are adjacent to each other. For example, beginning of spring is a solar term and rain is a neutral word. Usually there must be a "neutral gas" every month, and the month without "neutral gas" is set as the leap month of last month. This year is the lunar leap in July, the first lunar July is from July 25th to August 23rd, August 7th is beginning of autumn (solar term in July), and August 23rd is midsummer (neutral atmosphere in July). The next lunar month is from August 24th to September 24th in 2 1 year. This month only has a "solar term" on August 8, and there is no "neutral atmosphere", so it is a leap month in July of the lunar calendar. "Double Spring" is not uncommon as the saying goes: Double Spring is also a leap month and a good year for marriage. Perhaps influenced by this statement, more people are getting married and having children this year. Is "double spring leap moon" really rare? Li Defan said that there is no reason to say that "it is a good year when you get married." A leap month in the lunar calendar is 13 months, and 13 months contains 383 days or 384 days, which is about 1 8 days more than that in the solar calendar. 18 days has exceeded the length of one solar term, so the leap month year of the lunar calendar will include 25 solar terms, which means there will be two beginning of spring. This year is exactly the case. This situation is not uncommon. For example, the first beginning of spring in the Year of the Monkey was on February 4th, 2004, and the second beginning of spring in the Year of the Monkey was on February 4th, 2005, because the Year of the Rooster entered on February 9th, 2005. This is the double spring of the year and the leap of February in the lunar calendar. As long as there is no leap month in the lunar calendar, there will definitely be no "double spring", and there will generally be "double spring" in years with leap months. I won't spend two days on Tanabata. This year is the lunar leap in July, and the seventh day of July is the traditional Chinese Valentine's Day. So will I spend two days on Qixi? Ni Baocheng, an expert in folklore, said: "Traditional festivals in China have fixed dates, and Valentine's Day in China is held once a year on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month. The seventh day of July is not Valentine's Day in China, and no one has ever been there. This is true of Valentine's Day in China, as well as other traditional festivals in China such as Dragon Boat Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival and Double Ninth Festival. " Chief reporter Zhang Tiyi Gregorian calendar 1982-2042 and lunar leap month comparison table leap month (first day of Gregorian calendar) year1leap year on May 23rd, 982 1984 65438+ leap year1October 23rd 65438+. 38+June 23rd, 0990 leap in May, 65438+April 22nd, 0993 leap in March, 65438+September 25th, 0995 leap in August in Gui You, 65438+June 24th, 0998 leap in May in Dayihai, and 200 1 leap in April in Xiaowuyin. August 24, 2006, leap July, junior college year, June 23, 2009, leap May, big ugly year, 20 12 May, 2 1 leap April, small non-Chen year, 20 14 June 24, leap September. March 22, 2023, leap February, big year, July 25, 2025, leap June, big year, June 23, 2028, leap May, big year, 20031April 22, leap March, big year, August 25, 2033, leap July, big year.
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1996 Is there a leap month? What month is it now? There is no leap month
Are there leap months, leap months and leap months in 2004?
Gregorian calendar: March 2, 20041
Lunar calendar: the first day of February in Shen Jianian.
Main branch: Hai
Why is there a leap month? How to calculate leap month! There are two leap months in July in China lunar calendar, so what is a leap month?
Leap, the original meaning is remainder. Refers to the difference between the calendar year and the earth's orbit around the sun, and the excess is called "leap"
A leap year refers to a year in which there is a leap day (February 29th) in the solar calendar or a leap month (thirteen months in a year) in the lunar calendar. Leap surplus (leap surplus). The time difference between the lunar calendar and the tropic year)
On leap days, the average year of the solar calendar is only 365 days, which is 5: 48: 46 compared with the tropic year. So every four years, it accumulates into 1 day, and it will become the 29th in February. This day is called leap day and this year is called leap year.
In leap months, the lunar calendar is based on the moon's orbit around the earth. Every year, there is a difference of about 10/between 5: 48: 46 and1on the 365th of the tropic of Capricorn, so we have to leap for one month every three years, two months every five years and seven months every nineteen years. In this way, every additional month in a leap year is called a leap month. Leap month is added after a certain month. It's called leap moon.
Leap month and leap year
In order to adjust the average length of calendar year to match the length of tropical year, it is sometimes necessary to adjust the length of individual months or increase the number of months in a year. This adjusted month or added month is called "leap month".
The leap month calendar was first invented and used in China. It started around 500 BC, which was 160 years earlier than ancient Greece. The calendar of our country adopts the method of seven leap months in nineteen years, which is different in different periods and countries.
In the traditional Chinese lunar calendar, when the length of the first lunar month (29.5306) is the average of 1 month, that is, 12 months in a year and the length of the tropical year (365.2422) is about 10 and 2 1 day, it is necessary to set a leap. In the six-year calendar in ancient China, the leap month method was adopted, with three years 1 month, five years and two months, and 19 years and seven months. Every month in a leap year is called "leap month". The leap month is placed at the end of the year. For example, the seal script used in the early years of the Qin Dynasty and the Western Han Dynasty started in October and ended in September. Leap month is placed after September, which is called "post-September". When the taichu calendar Law was enacted in the early years of the Western Han Dynasty, leap months were inserted in every month of the year, and it was stipulated that lifeless months were regarded as leap months, and the month sequence was still the month sequence of last month, so long as it was called "leap months". This leap rule is the most reasonable in a smooth calendar. In the Qing dynasty, the constitution continued, and it was changed into a fixed-atmosphere calendar. If we continue to simply follow the rule that there is no central leap, it is possible to set up two leap months a year. Therefore, the leap year is defined as 13 months between two winter solstices, and the first month of a leap year is defined as leap month. This rule has been in use ever since. In leap years, April, May and June are the most frequent, and September, 1 October are the least. 1 1 month,1February,1month will not appear, at least for several thousand years.
In the Gregorian calendar, leap month is not a year plus a month, but a month plus a day to ensure that the Gregorian calendar year is consistent with the tropic year. For example, julian calendar and the current Gregorian calendar generally have 365 days a year. Usually every four years (the current Gregorian calendar is sometimes eight years apart), one day is added in February, and this year it is 366 days. February this year is a leap month, and this year is also called a leap year.
How to calculate leap year and leap month? There is no such thing as a leap month. There is a leap year every four years, so people who celebrate their birthdays in the solar calendar, if born on February 29th, naturally celebrate their birthdays every four years. But since you say it's a leap month, it means that you celebrate your birthday according to the lunar calendar, because only the lunar calendar has a leap month in China.
First, leap years can be divided into solar calendar and lunar calendar.
The concepts of leap year in solar calendar and lunar calendar are different. The leap year we often talk about is actually the leap year of the Gregorian calendar.
A year with a leap day in the solar calendar is called a leap year.
A year with a leap month in the lunar calendar is called a leap year.
The leap years of the solar calendar and the lunar calendar do not coincide. For example, the lunar calendar 1995 and 200 1 are leap years, but the solar calendar is not. In 2000, the solar calendar was a leap year, but the lunar calendar was not. The following is a comparison of 1982-2042.
Second, the judgment of leap year in Gregorian calendar
Common sense is that every four years is a leap year, and a year divisible by four is a leap year. Actually, it's not. Which years are leap years? How to judge leap year?
In the Gregorian calendar year, a year with leap days is called leap year, which is generally 365 days and 366 days. Because the earth's cycle around the sun is 365 days, 5 hours, 48 minutes and 46 seconds (365,438+09 days), which is the tropic year, the Gregorian calendar sets a year as 365 days. The remaining time is about four years, plus it is fixed in February, so there are 365 days in a normal year, 28 days in February, 366 days in a leap year and 29 days in February. There are 97 leap years every 400 years.
The usual calculation method of leap year: the number of years in the calendar year can be divisible by 4, which is a leap year; But the year divisible by 4 is not necessarily a leap year, such as 1700, 1900, it is not a leap year. At the turn of the century, the year that can be divisible by 100 but not by 400 is a normal year; Leap years can be divisible by 100 or 400. For example, 2000 is a leap year, while 1000 and 3000 are not. Here is a leap year calculation formula, you can have a look if you are interested.
Third, the calculation of lunar leap month.
A year with a leap month in the lunar calendar is called a leap month year, but now it is also customarily called a leap year (so it is easily confused with a leap year in the Gregorian calendar). The general year is 12 months, 354 or 355 days, and the leap year is 13 months, 383 or 384 days.
There is no thirteenth month in the lunar calendar. According to the calendar rules, leap months are repeated from February to the same month after 10, and the repeated months are leap months. For example, the leap month after April is called leap April.
The law of lunar leap year is one leap in three years, two leap in five years and seven leap in 19. According to the laws of the lunar calendar, it is mainly determined according to the coincidence with the 24 solar terms of the lunar calendar. Usually, a month with only one solar term (usually a small month) is set as a leap month to make up for it. The number of leap months in the lunar calendar is 29 or 30 days, just like normal months.
The lunar calendar basically takes 19 as a cycle, corresponding to the same time in the Gregorian calendar. For example, in the Gregorian calendar, May 27th, 2006, 5438+0, May 27th 1982 and May 27th 1963 are the fifth day of leap April.