Appreciation of Characters in "Looking for Famous Paintings"
The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival records the architecture and people's livelihood in the suburbs of Bianjing (now Kaifeng), the capital of Hui Zong era, and on both sides of Bianhe River in the city with exquisite brushwork. This painting depicts the bustling scene and natural scenery on both sides of Bianliang and Bianhe, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, during the Qingming period. In the form of a long scroll, the work uses the composition method of scattered perspective to bring complicated scenery into a unified and changeable picture. There are more than 500 people in the painting, with different clothes and expressions, interspersed with various activities, paying attention to drama, dense composition, changing rhythm and rhythm, and ingenious brushwork. The whole picture is divided into three sections.
The first paragraph, Bianjing rural spring:
In the sparse forest mist, there are several huts, grass bridges, running water, old trees and boats. Two porters are driving five donkeys loaded with charcoal. They are going to town. A willow forest, with faint green branches, makes people feel that although it is chilly in spring, it is already spring back to the earth. In the sedan chair on the road, a woman sat in it. The top of the sedan chair is decorated with willows and flowers, followed by riders and bearers, returning from a walk in the suburbs of Beijing to sweep the grave. The description of the environment and characters points out the specific time and customs of Tomb-Sweeping Day, which opens the curtain for the whole painting.
In the middle section, the busy Bianhe Wharf:
Bianhe River is the hub of national grain transportation in the Northern Song Dynasty, and it is also the main road of commercial traffic. As can be seen from the picture, the population is dense and there are many grain ships. Some people are resting in the teahouse, some are telling fortune, and some are eating in the restaurant. There is also the "Wang's Paper Horse Shop", which is a grave sweeper selling sacrifices. Ships in the river come and go, end to end, pulled by trackers or rowed by boatmen. Some are full of goods, going upstream, and some are nervously berthing to unload. Across the Bianhe River is a large wooden arch bridge with exquisite structure and beautiful shape. Such as flying rainbow, hence the name Hongqiao. There is a big ship waiting to cross the bridge. The boatman is supported by bamboo poles; Hook the bridge with a long pole; Lead the boat with hemp rope; Several people are busy lowering the mast so that the ship can pass. People in the neighboring ship are also pointing, as if shouting something. Both inside and outside the ship are busy crossing the bridge for this ship. People on the bridge are also sweating over the tense ferry scene. This is the well-known Hongqiao pier, which is full of traffic and bustling, and is really the intersection of land and water transportation.
In the second half, busy city streets:
Centered on the tall towers, there are rows of houses on both sides, including teahouses, restaurants, foot shops, meat shops, temples, public halls and so on. Silk, jewelry, spices, incense, paper horses and so on all have specialized businesses. In addition, there are medical clinics, car repair, fortune telling, shaving and plastic surgery, and all walks of life have everything. Large-scale shops are also tied up with "colorful buildings and happy doors", and banners are hung to attract business, and pedestrians in the market are jostling with each other. There are businessmen who do business and people who look at street scenes. There are monks walking around with baskets on their backs, tourists asking for directions from other places, street children who have heard of books, children of rich people who drink heavily in restaurants, disabled elderly people begging on the edge of cities, men, women and children, scholars, farmers, workers and businessmen, and so on. Means of transportation: sedan chair, camel, ox cart, rickshaw, flatbed, flatbed, all kinds of things. Vividly displayed in front of people.
More than 550 people of various colors were painted in the picture scroll with a total length of more than five meters, including fifty or sixty cattle, horses, mules, donkeys and other livestock, more than 20 vehicles and bridges, and more than 20 ships. Houses, bridges, towers, etc. They also have their own characteristics, reflecting the characteristics of architecture in the Song Dynasty. The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival by Zhang Zeduan is a realistic genre painting depicting a corner of Bianjing in the Northern Song Dynasty, which has high historical value and artistic level.
In the history of painting, there are many paintings called The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival, but there is only one original. After many scholars and experts have studied this topic, everyone's opinions are basically the same. They all think that this painting in the Palace Museum in Beijing is an original of Zhang Zeduan in the Northern Song Dynasty. Other paintings of the same name were later copied or imitated by Zhang Zeduan.
At present, there is no artist's own seal on this picture scroll collected by the Palace Museum in Beijing. According to an inscription by Zhang Zhu of Jin Dynasty in the postscript after the picture, it is confirmed that its author is Zhang Zeduan. Zhang Zhu's inscription has only a few words: "Hanlin Zhang Zeduan was born in Wudong (now Zhucheng, Shandong)." When I was young, I studied in Beijing, and later I learned to draw. I am a painter, and I especially like boat trips, bridges, Guo Jing and other families. "However, in the book Xuan He Hua Pu written at the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, Zhang Zeduan's name could not be found. Some people speculate that it may be that he entered the painting academy late and the editor had no time to compile it into the book.
The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival has great artistic charm in detail description! Copying paintings are beautifully made, which is also a commercial art and an excellent artistic gift for you to collect and give to your friends!
Bai Shouyi's General History of China (Color Picture Book) Comments on Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival. There are more than 500 people, more than 50 livestock, more than 20 vehicles, many houses, countless props, huge scenes, clear paragraphs, tight structure and orderly. Skilled technique, meticulous pen, vigorous lines, dignified and sophisticated. It embodies highly pure painting skills and outstanding artistic achievements. At the same time, because the painting was a social record at that time, it provided important historical materials for future generations to understand and study the urban social life in the Song Dynasty.
The Concise Encyclopedia of Britain's evaluation of the section "Zhang Zeduan" in The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival is a custom picture scroll with important historical value. The painter successfully described the life scenes of all walks of life in Bianjing City and its suburbs during the Qingming period. Mainly for workers and ordinary citizens. The handling of the relationship among people, buildings, cars, trees and water is very clever, with a strong sense of integrity and great historical value. Since then, the urban genre paintings painted in previous dynasties have been influenced by it.
The immortal masterpiece Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival, painted by Zhang Zeduan, a famous painter in the Northern Song Dynasty, is priceless in the history of painting in China. It is a long scroll genre painting created by realistic means, which vividly reproduces the prosperous scene of Bianjing Chengping period in the Northern Song Dynasty through a detailed description of street life.
Zhang Zeduan, a native of Wu Dong (now Zhucheng, Shandong Province), was a painter at the turn of the Northern and Southern Dynasties. The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival was written by Zhang Zeduan when he was making history at Hanlin Painting Academy in Song Huizong. This long scroll is made of silk and light color. The frame is 24.8 cm high and 528.7 cm long.
After Zhang Zeduan finished this long scroll praising the history of the Millennium, he first presented it to Song Huizong. Song Huizong became the first collector of this painting. As a master of calligraphy and painting in the history of China, Song Huizong loved this painting very much. He wrote the words "The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival" in his famous "Shoujin Style" calligraphy, and made a seal script of Shuanglong (now lost).
This masterpiece, which is well-known at all times and at home and abroad, has been appreciated by countless collectors and connoisseurs for more than 800 years after its publication, and is the goal of later emperors and dignitaries. It went from one place to another and experienced many wars and disasters ... It entered the palace five times and was stolen from the palace four times. After many disasters, it interpreted many legendary stories.