As a big agricultural country, why does India export rice to the whole world, while China buys rice from the whole world?
With the national integration, especially the southward migration of Central Plains people, farming also spread to the south. Southern China enjoys an excellent geographical advantage, and its farming level has been greatly improved, so it enjoys a good reputation in the south of the Yangtze River. Land of plenty? As a big agricultural country, emperors of all dynasties attached great importance to agriculture, and even the emperors of the Qing Dynasty chose a good day to farm in the fields during the Spring Festival.
However, ancient farming techniques were limited and food production was not much. Light and heavy armor records:? A farmer's business, at the end of the year, plows 100 mu of land and collects 100 mu of land, but it's only 20 miles? , "New Tang Book? According to Cui Hongli Biography, Cui Hongli went to Heyang, managed the Qinqu in Hanoi, irrigated thousands of hectares of fertile land, and earned an annual income of 80,000 Hu.
In the pre-Qin period, the yield per mu was about 100 kg, while in the most prosperous Tang Dynasty, the yield per mu was only 300 kg. If this happens in a disaster year, there is basically no harvest, and taxes have to be paid, which makes the ancient people miserable. As a large agricultural country and a large population country, the food problem is the top priority.
Yuan Longping began to study hybrid rice from 1960. Natural hybrid rice? The seeds of the first generation of male sterile plants were obtained. After two years of cultivation, four plants successfully propagated the second generation, 1975, conquered? Seed production? After decades of continuous exploration, hybrid rice has been gradually popularized.
20 1 1 The yield per mu of 100 mu experimental field in Longhui County, Hunan Province reached 926.6 kg. In 20 18, the highest yield per mu of rice planted by Yuan Longping's R&D team in Dubai tropical desert exceeded 500 kg. Now? Xiang Liangyou 900? Once again set a record per mu, reaching 1 149.02 kg.
It is precisely because of Grandpa Yuan Longping's hard work for decades that we were saved from famine. At present, the rice planting area has reached 245 million mu, and there are 200 million mu of hybrid rice alone. Corn, barley and wheat are also planted in different scales. It stands to reason that the output should be enough. Why buy rice from all over the world? India exports rice to the whole world.
India's arable land ranks first in the world, reaching 65.438+0.43 billion hectares. However, due to India's caste system, farmland is in the hands of high castes, who own 65.438+0.4% of the country's land, while the lowest caste only owns 65.438+0%. There is a big gap between the rich and the poor.
The grain owned by the high caste with a large amount of farmland cannot be sold all over the country, so there is rice for export. It seems that agriculture is developing rapidly, but there are two-thirds of the hungry people in the country. However, in order to maintain basic operation, India has to export rice.
Although China has a large grain output, soybeans and wheat are simply not enough to eat. Last year, China imported 63 million tons of soybeans and a lot of grain, which can stabilize food prices. At present, China's grain self-sufficiency rate is around 85%, and it is not completely self-sufficient. If it weren't for not importing food, domestic food prices would rise.
Another reason is the environment. In the process of industrialization, there is actually not much arable land. If we don't import food, it will mean reclaiming new land, which will also have a certain impact on the environment, so China needs to import a lot.