How to do a good job in quality supervision of mortar masonry engineering, and what specific treatment measures should be taken?

Quality management of mortar masonry engineering Preface: Engineering quality supervision is the focus of construction supervision. In the whole construction process, scientific management procedures and methods are adopted to carry out all-round, whole-process and all-weather supervision and management, and pre-control and monitor the engineering quality. Mortar masonry engineering has been widely used in highway engineering industry for many years because of its low engineering cost and rich material sources, such as mortar pier, abutment body, mortar slope protection and retaining wall. Although the technology of mortar masonry project is simple and uncomplicated, it is a weak link of repeated engineering quality problems, poor appearance quality and economic losses caused by large-scale rework. All these have nothing to do with the failure of project quality supervision to perform their duties well. Main quality problems and reasons of mortar masonry engineering: 1. The pier, splayed wall, retaining wall and other walls are broken or collapsed: (1) The bearing capacity of the basement fails to meet the design requirements, and the foundation sinks; (2) The foundation buried depth is insufficient due to frost heaving; (3) Settlement joints and drainage holes are not constructed as required; (4) poor masonry quality, such as too many joints between stones and loose mortar; 5] mortar mixture ratio control is not allowed, low mortar label does not meet the design requirements; [6] Unqualified raw materials, weathered, rusty and unqualified stone materials are used for masonry; Once the stress on the back of the wall is too large, such as the packing is too high, the packing is crushed by vibration. ; You can't do well in good health. 2. Poor appearance quality and off-point: (1) The stone is not hammered well, and the flatness of the large surface exceeds the standard; 2. The masonry control line board is not firm, moving or deforming, resulting in the wall being not straight; (3) The settlement joint is not vertical, the connection is poor, and the drainage hole layout is not beautiful; (4) jointing is not constructed according to the requirements, which is not suitable for beauty, is not firm, or falls off because the health care does not meet the requirements. How to supervise the quality of mortar masonry engineering: 1? Preparation before supervision: supervisors must be familiar with and master the contract terms, bidding documents, technical specifications, quality standards and acceptance standards of mortar masonry, and must review the construction drawing design; Supervisors shall formulate quality control procedures (such as quality control procedure block diagram, raw material inspection and supervision procedure block diagram, mortar quality supervision procedure block diagram, etc.). ), mortar construction quality control points, quality common fault prevention measures and other documents or materials. 2. Examination and approval of the commencement report of sub-projects: the commencement report of sub-projects submitted by the contractor before commencement shall include the following main contents: (1) general situation of the project and main quantities; (2) Requirements of engineering technical standards, quality control indicators, inspection frequency and methods; (3) Construction scheme and technology; (4) Personnel, materials and equipment entering the site and construction progress plan; 5] Construction organization; [6] Quality assurance system and quality assurance measures; Once the safety guarantee measures; Being construction lofting inspection sheet; Levies raw materials factory certificate, re-inspection list, mortar mixture ratio design report, etc. The supervisor shall review the commencement report item by item, and the supervisor testing engineer shall conduct re-inspection and sampling inspection on all construction materials. The supervision survey engineer shall review and confirm the construction lofting inspection form in the office and in the field. No matter which aspect does not meet the requirements, it must meet the requirements before construction. 3. Test section: Most supervisors of mortar masonry projects are not required to do the test section. However, according to the previous construction experience of our unit, it is more scientific to do the test section after the mortar masonry project is approved to start. The contractor can make technical disclosure with the supervisor at the site of the test section. During the construction of the test section, the main personnel of the contractor and supervisor will continue to correct and guide the test section until the test section meets the requirements. The standard test section provides samples and references for the construction of other sections. 4. Quality monitoring during construction: (1) Measurement: This is one of the key projects monitored by the supervisor. During construction, the plane position, elevation and geometric dimensions of temporary control points, leveling points and masonry should be checked frequently; ⑵ Bearing capacity of basement and buried depth of foundation: After the foundation pit excavation is completed, the bearing capacity of basement shall be detected in time. If the bearing capacity can not meet the design requirements, it should be changed with the design representative and relevant departments. In frozen areas, the buried depth of foundation must be about 20 cm below the freezing line (except for non-frost heaving basement); (3) Control of raw materials: Each batch of raw materials entering the site must have the ex-factory quality certificate and the contractor's re-inspection sheet, and the supervisor shall conduct on-site sampling and spot check according to the specified frequency. For stone materials, the supervisor should also carry out visual inspection, and weathered, rusty, small-sized, unqualified stone materials and other unqualified materials must be removed from the scene; ⑷ Mortar control: Mortar should be strictly controlled according to the construction mixture ratio, sand should be sieved, and mortar should be mixed evenly, and it should not be transported too far (to prevent segregation). When the height difference is too large, a chute should be set up, and the water-cement ratio of mortar can be adjusted appropriately according to the climatic conditions. When the temperature is high, the water-cement ratio can be slightly higher, with the mortar not slipping off the gray board as the maximum, and when the temperature is low, the mortar expert holds the ball as the minimum. In addition to the specified frequency, the sampling of mortar test blocks should also be 5] masonry control: stone must be hammered (except fine stones). Weathering, rust, cracks or small specifications are not allowed on the wall, mortar is squeezed tightly, and gaps between seams and stones are staggered in layers to avoid exceeding the standard. The supporting plate must be firm to ensure the verticality or slope of masonry. Masons can prepare a piece of wood for mortar tamping between stone cracks. When it is overheated or there is dust on the stone, it needs to be washed with clear water. [6] Jointing and curing: At present, the general requirement of highway construction is hook-and-groove joint. Before jointing, the surface mortar between stone crevices should be removed about 2cm, then the wall (slope) surface should be washed with water, and jointing and calendering should be carried out with mortar with higher grade than masonry mortar. After the final set of mortar, the residual mortar on the wall surface should be washed off, and the masonry that meets the requirements can hook up beautiful joints. Masonry is thin, so it must be cured after the final setting, covered (especially after jointing), kept moist and maintained for more than 7 days; (7) Settlement joint and drainage hole: The settlement joint must be vertical and well connected, and the drainage hole must be inclined outwards and downwards, without water blocking. Pay attention to the construction of the filter layer behind the drainage hole. ⑻ Do other work well: strictly implement supervision quality control procedures and process handover control procedures, regularly check the contractor's office, and do a good job in supervision sampling inspection and supervision log. In short, as long as the quality supervision personnel have a high sense of professionalism and responsibility, as long as the code of conduct of "strict supervision, enthusiastic service, fairness and meticulous" is strictly implemented, the quality of the project will be guaranteed! Disclaimer: The answer comes from Baidu, which is a question I collected before. Personally, I think it is comprehensive.

Adopt it