Arguments about "On Learning"
Erudition
(1) Introduction
People who are knowledgeable and talented often achieve success in their careers, have a good reputation in society, and make more outstanding contributions than ordinary people. Admired by everyone. The more knowledgeable people there are, the more progressive society will be.
Rolling torrents rely on trickles to form, and profound knowledge and misuse rely on the accumulation of years of hard study. Let us continue to study diligently, read widely, and prepare for tomorrow's erudition!
(2) Factual arguments
Celebrity and erudition
Wang Chong of the Eastern Han Dynasty was eager to learn since he was a child, but his family was poor and had no money to buy books. He stood up and read in the Luoyang bookstore every day, studying hard year after year, and compiled the six categories of books listed in "Hanshu Yiwenzhi", including the Six Arts, Philosophers, Poetry, Book of Life, Shushu, and Fangji.* He read almost all of the more than 10,000 volumes of ** that existed at that time, and became a famous philosopher and thinker, "so he was well versed in hundreds of schools of thought". His representative work "Lunheng" had a huge influence on later generations.
Cao Xueqin in the Qing Dynasty was not only a famous novelist, but also an accomplished poet. His contemporaries praised him for his "wonderful poetry". He is also an excellent painter, especially in painting rocks. In his famous work "A Dream of Red Mansions", the knowledge covered includes medicine, psychology, music, poetry, geography, architecture, clothing, garden art, customs, cooking, etc. This shows Cao Xueqin’s extraordinary talent and profound knowledge.
Zu Chongzhi of the Southern and Northern Dynasties was a famous mathematician. He calculated that pi was between 3.1415926 and 3.1415927. For the first time in the world, he calculated the accurate value of pi to 7 digits after the decimal point. This is more than 1,000 years earlier than Europe. Therefore, some Japanese mathematicians once suggested changing the name of pi to "zu rate". He also had great research on Wangmawen calendar and machinery. He compiled the "Da Ming Calendar" and measured the number of days in the tropical year, that is, the time between the winter solstice points in two years. The result was only 50 seconds different from the measurement result of modern astronomical science. bell. He created the "water mill", the "thousand-mile ship" and the "compassing car". He is also a scholar who studies the classics and the theories of various schools of thought. He has annotated Laozi, the Book of Changes, the Analects of Confucius, the Classic of Filial Piety and other books.
Guo Moruo, a famous modern Chinese writer, poet, historian, playwright, archaeologist, ancient literature calligrapher, calligrapher and social activist. He is a famous scholar with profound knowledge and outstanding talents in the history of modern culture. In 1921, he published his first collection of poems, "The Goddess," which proposed a "literary revolution" that was of great significance in the history of modern literature. A series of Laxological treatises such as "Research on Ancient Chinese Society" and "Research on Oracle Bone Inscriptions" creatively combine the study of ancient inscriptions with ancient history, opening up a new world for historical research. "The Bronze Age" and "Ten Critiques" examine the social history of pre-Qin Dynasty and evaluate the philosophical figures of various schools, and they are full of original ideas. Guo Moruo wrote prolifically throughout his life. In addition to creating many poems, novels, scripts, and writing many historical, philosophical, and political papers, he also translated many world famous works. "Collected Works of Moruo" has 17 volumes. Guo Moruo's erudition and versatility are the result of his lifelong study and hard work.
Mao Zedong is a famous Marxist revolutionist, strategist, theorist and poet in modern history. Although he has not received higher education, he is knowledgeable and recognized by the world. Mao Zedong was fond of reading throughout his life. When I was a boy, I borrowed books from everywhere to read, and when I was young, I was a frequent visitor to the library. In the war years, when the army was ruthless, he often did not hesitate to write. After the liberation, he entered Beijing. As a major leader of the party and the country, he had many things to do, but he still continued to study. According to incomplete statistics, from 1949 to September 1966, he borrowed nearly 2,000 kinds of books and more than 5,000 volumes from major libraries in Beijing. Just two years before his death in 1974, there were nearly 600 kinds of books borrowed and 1,100 volumes. There were books everywhere in Mao Zedong's chamber, on his bed, on his desk, and in the reception room. Reading was Mao Zedong's biggest hobby in his life.
Erudite Professor Chen Yinke
Chen Yinke, a famous modern historian and scholar. Known as "Professor of Professors". The famous scholar Wu Mi said of him: "Combining all kinds of old and new Chinese and Western learning, I regard Yinke as the most knowledgeable person in China."
He studied "Shuo Shuo" in his youth. "Wen Jiezi" and exegesis, familiar with classics and "Twenty-Four Histories"; studied at Sugamo Kobun College in Tokyo, Japan at the age of 13, and studied in Europe and the United States at the age of 21. He studied at the University of Berlin in Germany, the Ecole Supérieure d'Etudes Politiques in Paris, France, and the ancient Zurich in Switzerland. Study, Harvard University, USA.
He is proficient in English, German, French, and Japanese, and has basically mastered 19 languages including Latin, Greek, Sanskrit, Pali, Persian, Turkic, Tangut, Tibetan, Mongolian, and Manchu.
He served as a professor at many famous universities in Hong Kong and the Mainland, and after the founding of the People's Republic of China, he served as deputy director of the Central Museum of Literature and History. He has done exquisite research on the history of the Wei, Jin, Nanguan Dynasties, Tang Dynasty, and Mongolia, as well as Sanskrit, Turkic, Xixia and other ancient texts and Buddhist classics, and is highly praised by scholars at home and abroad.
His works include "A Brief Essay on the Origin of Institutions in the Sui and Tang Dynasties", "A Essay on the Political History of the Tang Dynasty", "A Proof of Yuanbai Poems and Notes", "A Biography of Liu Rushi", etc., and "Jinmingguan Cong" "Manuscript" and a large number of papers.
Unique Genius - Leonardo da Vinci
When it comes to the famous Leonardo da Vinci, most people only know that he was the greatest painter during the European Renaissance and will think of world-famous paintings. "Mona Lisa" and "The Last Supper". In fact, he was not a very accomplished natural scientist, writer, or engineer.
In terms of mathematics, he invented the plus and minus signs we use, and he also left a lot of discussions on solid geometry; in terms of anatomy, he wrote 6 special volumes, which became the foundation of physiological anatomy. A pioneer; in physics, he proposed the principle of inertia and developed the hydraulic connection theory and the lever principle. He has made achievements in astronomy, water conservancy, architecture, etc.; he once built an aircraft and allowed it to travel at low air temperatures; he also designed a steam engine; he is also a writer, and he wrote the fantasy novel "Travel to the East" and wrote He has written many fables and poems. Contemporaries praised him as a "perfect man." Leonardo da Vinci is truly a genius.
(3) Theoretical Arguments
[Theoretical Arguments]
Learning is nothing more than becoming knowledgeable, and practice is nothing more than making promises.
"Yi Lin. Appendix. Yuan Zhunzheng Shu" by Mr. Ma of the Tang Dynasty
If you are not knowledgeable, you will not be able to keep your promises, and if you are not determined, you will not be able to do it.
Song Dynasty. Cheng Hao's "Er Cheng Quanshu"
Much knowledge comes from erudition.
"He Sheng Yu" by Ouyang Xiu of Song Dynasty
Acquire a wide range of harvests, extract the essence and use it widely.
Zheng Zhenduo's "Hymn to Dance Like the Dawn"
Talent must be learned. Without learning, one cannot develop talents.
Three Kingdoms. Zhuge Liang's "Book of Commandments"
Those who are not well-read, do not hear about the past and present, do not see the facts, and do not know whether they are true or not, are like those who are blind, deaf, and have a diseased nose.
Han Wang Long
The ideal scholar should be both broad and profound. The broad should know almost everything, and the profound should be almost exclusive to others.
Hu Shi
If a gentleman is knowledgeable and considers himself day by day, then he will know clearly and act without mistakes.
"Xunzi. Encouraging Learning"
Read well and learn well.
Wang Long of the Han Dynasty
He has heard a lot and understands important things, he has extensive knowledge and is good at making choices.
Jin. Ge Hong
He has read thousands of volumes, and his hair looks like a god.
Du Fu of the Tang Dynasty
You must read more. Only by reading more can you gain more knowledge.
Xu Teli
After the birth of fringe science, scholars are required to have broader knowledge and more connected thinking.
[US] Beveridge had to become a professional, and the requirement of professionalism also prompted him to become a professional.
Xia Chengtao
Read thousands of books and travel thousands of miles.
Qian Yong of the Qing Dynasty, "Luyuan Conghua. Reading Ten Thousand Volumes of Books"
Reading thousands of volumes will lead to enlightenment.
Song Dynasty Su Shi's "Liu's Second Nephew Asks for Handwriting"
Erudious and thoughtful, he is knowledgeable.
Huang Shigong of Han Dynasty, "Su Shu. Ambition to Seek People"
A person can only read that kind of book in his whole life. The scope is very narrow, and his thoughts can never be unblocked.
Zhou Gucheng