China Naming Network - Almanac query - Historical stories about the Yellow River

Historical stories about the Yellow River

Historical story of the source of the Yellow River

The Yellow River is named because it flows through the Loess Plateau, carrying a lot of sediment and the river is turbid and yellow. China was called "River" in ancient books, and the name "Yellow River" appeared in Hanshu.

Whether thinking about the source of drinking water or tracing back to the source, Chinese sons and daughters have been tracing back to the source of the Yellow River endlessly since ancient times, leaving many beautiful legends and touching poems. For example, Li Bai, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote many poems about the Yellow River, the most famous of which is "How the water of the Yellow River moved out of heaven and into the ocean, and never came back."

"The Yellow River falls into the East China Sea, and Wan Li writes it in his heart." "The Yellow River comes from the west to Kunlun, and Wan Li touches the Longmen", "How magnificent the Xiyue is, and the Yellow River comes like a silk sky" and so on. In these poems, the great romantic poet used his magnificent imagination to explore the source of the Yellow River.

"History? Gong Yu has a record of "drawing stones from rivers, as for Longmen". These "piled stones" are called Animaqing Mountain, also known as Dajishi Mountain, but there is still a distance from the source of the Yellow River. Shan Hai Jing and Er Ya recorded that "the river flows out of Kunlun". After Zhang Qian went to the Western Regions in the Western Han Dynasty, there was a saying that the Yellow River "originated in Khotan, flowed to Yanze in the east, then went underground and went out of Heyuan in the south" (see Historical Records? Dawan Biography). These statements are not accurate, but they continued until the Sui and Tang Dynasties.

After the Sui and Tang Dynasties, people gradually established a correct understanding of the source of the Yellow River. In the fifth year of Yang Di the Great (609), Tuguhun was destroyed and later moved to Heyuan County, which is now part of Golog Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Qinghai and Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, indicating that people know that the Yellow River originated here.

In the ninth year of Emperor Taizong's Zhenguan reign (635), in order to quell Tuguhun rebellion, generals Li Jing, Hou and Li Daozong led troops to Xingsuhai area. The Book of the New Tang Dynasty contained "Visit Xingsuchuan, Dabaihai, Jishishan and Heyuan". Xinghai has been called the source of the Yellow River since the Tang and Song Dynasties.

In the Yuan Dynasty, people began to make field trips to the source of the Yellow River. In the 17th year of Yuan Dynasty (1280), Kublai Khan of Yuan Shizu sent Du Shi and others to explore the source of the Yellow River and made a detailed investigation of the area around Xingsuhai. 13 15, Pan Anxiao wrote a book "Heyuan Zhi" based on his investigation in Du Fu's poems, clearly pointing out that the Yellow River originated in the southwest of the Star Sea, where "there are more than 100 wells with water gushing from the ground".

In the 43rd year of Qing Emperor Kangxi (1704), Emperor Kangxi ordered Laxi and Lan Shu to explore the source of the Yellow River. When they arrived in Xinghai, they found that there were three rivers in the upper reaches of Xinghai, but they didn't catch up with the source. After Lacey and Lan Shu returned to Beijing, they drew a map of Heyuan, and Lan Shu also wrote a record of Heyuan.

At the end of Kangxi, a nationwide topographic survey was organized. In the fifty-sixth year of Kangxi (17 17), Lama Chu Er Qin Zangbo, Lamu Zhanba and the president of the hospital were sent to Heyuan area for investigation. This trip "crosses the source of the river and involves Wan Li". After returning to Beijing, the survey results are drawn into the imperial map. This mapping also explored and mapped the source of the river above Xinghai.

In the forty-seventh year of Qianlong in Qing Dynasty (1782), Emperor Qianlong named Amitabha, the door guard, "tribute to the source of the river". Amitabha arrived 300 miles west of Xinghai and made a field survey of three rivers in the upper reaches of Xinghai. It is determined that Allerstam Guole River (now Kaliqu) in the southwest of Xinghai is the upstream source of the Yellow River.

Since the19th century, some foreign explorers and geographers have visited Heyuan for different purposes and collected some information about Heyuan.

After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), he visited the source of the Yellow River many times. It can be said that the large-scale investigation of Heyuan began at this time. From 65438 to 0952, organized by the Yellow River Conservancy Commission, led by Xiang Lizhi and Dong Zaihua, the Heyuan Exploration Team of the Yellow River Conservancy Commission explored the source of the Yellow River for several months. Heyuan exploration team determined that Yuegu Zonglie Canal (the source section of Maqu) was the positive source of the Yellow River.

From 65438 to 0978, Qinghai Province invited relevant scientific research professionals from the central and local governments to make another on-the-spot investigation on the headwaters of the Yellow River and the two lakes of Zhaling Lake and Eling Lake, and put forward the suggestion that Kariqu should be regarded as the positive source of the Yellow River.

1985, according to the historical tradition and opinions of various factions, the Yellow River Conservancy Committee confirmed that the Yogu Zonglie River was the main source of the Yellow River, and set up the sign of the source of the Yellow River at Maquguo in the southwest corner of the Yogu Zonglie Basin.

Here, we follow the scientific research conclusion of 1985 and use the conclusion to explain the source of the Yellow River:

Maqu Fruit Day, a watershed at the source of the Yellow River (Maqu), is transliterated in Tibetan, meaning "the mountain at the source of Peacock River". One kilometer to the north, many springs gushed out. Locals call it "Maquguo", which means "the source of Peacock River", and then it enters Yogu Zonglie (basin) in the north. Tibetans mean "pot for frying highland barley", which is 20 kilometers long from east to west and 60 meters wide from north to south.

This section of the Yellow River flows through the Yogu Zonglie Basin and is named Yogu Zonglie Qu. Yueguzong Liequ passes through Mangga (gorge), the head gorge of the Yellow River, which is about 18.4 km long, and then enters Mayong (beach), which is called Maqu. It means Peacock River.

Mayong (Beach) is a grassland 50 kilometers long from east to west and 20 kilometers wide from north to south. There are many lakes on both sides of the river, with Xinghai in the middle. Xinghai is 5-6 kilometers wide and about 20 kilometers long. The marshland gathered in Shui Bo is like a star, so it is called "Xinghai" in China and looks like a proud peacock. This is the origin of the name Maqu (Peacock River).

Maqu flows out of Xingsuhai, and after receiving Kariqu, it flows into Zhaling Lake in three streams, and then into Eling Lake 10 kilometers. The river between the two lakes is generally 26-42km wide and 0.5-1.4m deep.

The Yellow River in maduo county is called the Heyuan section along the Yellow River Bridge, with a total length of 285.5 kilometers and a drainage area of 20,900 square kilometers.

Since ancient times, people have continuously investigated the source of the Yellow River, leaving many historical stories and interesting stories. These undoubtedly add endless charm and a little mystery to the source of the Yellow River. This may be the charm of the Yellow River.

Extended data:

The Yellow River originates from the southwest corner of the Yogu Zonglie Basin at the northern foot of Bayinkala Mountains in Qinghai Province, with its source at an altitude of 4,724 meters. It crosses the mountains of Qinghai and Gansu provinces from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Hetao Plain across Ningxia and Inner Mongolia; Pentium in the ravine between Shanxi and Shaanxi; Break through the "Longmen", turn around at the foot of Huashan Mountain in Xiyue, cross the North China Plain, and head for the coast of Bohai Sea.

It flows through 9 provinces and autonomous regions and gathers more than 40 main tributaries and 1000 streams and rivers, with a journey of 5,464 kilometers and a drainage area of more than 750,000 square kilometers, making it the second largest river in China. The Yellow River is also the fifth longest river in the world. The main stream of the Yellow River in Qinghai Province is 1693.8km long, with a drainage area of 15.3km2, accounting for about 2 1. 1% of the total area of the province, making it the largest river in Qinghai Province.

References:

Baidu Encyclopedia-Yellow River