What is the suitable temperature for potatoes?

1. In spring, cut into pieces for germination. 20 days before sowing, germination begins around early March. When cutting potatoes into pieces, each piece should have at least one bud eye. 10-15 yuan/jin is appropriate. After cutting, use small ash dry mix or carbendazim powder 1:200 times to sterilize and disinfect the water-soaked seeds. After the seed blocks are dry, the seedbed will be germinated. There are two methods: one is to use sand to germinate in a corner of the room with a room temperature above 15°C, layering sand one layer at a time and seed blocks one layer at a time; the other is to dig in the east-west direction in a ventilated and sunny place outdoors. For germination, the pit is about 25 cm deep, with one layer of sand and one layer of seed blocks, preferably three layers, and then covered with a shed film, and covered with straw curtains at night to keep warm. In the above two methods, water should be sprinkled 1 to 2 times during the germination period to prevent it from drying out. When the buds grow to a length of 0.5 to 1.0 cm, start sowing.

2. Preparing the land and digging trenches. Before planting, check the soil moisture. If the moisture is not good, you can consider irrigation ditches to create moisture. The moisture creation period should be 7 to 10 days before planting. Potato planting is generally done in double furrows. When digging the furrows, you can use large rows of 50 cm and small rows of 40 cm.

3. Sow seeds and cover with film. The best period is from the Spring Equinox to the Qingming Festival. What should be mentioned here is that virus-free potatoes can be sown early in advance, sown before the Spring Equinox, and the plant spacing can be controlled at 20 centimeters. Before sowing, spray octyl sulfuric acid 1:10000 times along the ditch to prevent underground pests. Organic fertilizer can be spread directly into the ditch or during land preparation; chemical fertilizer can be divided into the ditch or spread between seed blocks (note that it cannot be in direct contact with the seed blocks). When sowing, there are two ways to place the seed block into the ditch: one is to put the seed buds downward. The potatoes grown by this method will have long roots and strong seedlings, with fewer potatoes but larger ones, but the seedlings will be 2 to 3 days late; the other method is With the buds facing upward, the roots of the potatoes grown by this method are relatively short, the potatoes are small but numerous, and the seedlings are 2 to 3 days early. After sowing, take soil from both sides of the big row, cover the potato ditch and the space in the small row with columbians, and cover with microfilm to compact it tightly.

4. Release of seedlings and management during the seedling period. After the Qingming Festival, about 20 days after sowing, there will be seedlings exposed to the soil. At this time, you can dig out the microfilm at the seedlings and let the air out to prevent the seedlings from steaming. When the seedlings grow to 10 cm high, press the film around the seedlings tightly with soil to retain water and suppress the grass. It is not advisable to water potatoes in the early stages of growth. Water after the flowers appear. If there is no rain, you can water it every 10 days. Generally, it will mature after watering 2 to 3 times. Stop watering 10 days before harvest. Prevent insect pests such as aphids or thrips during the seedling stage.

5. Reasonable fertilization. Potatoes like to use farmyard manure, 4,000 to 5,000 kilograms per 666.7 square meters is appropriate. At the same time, when applying chemical fertilizers appropriately, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium should be used in combination. Potatoes require a large amount of potassium. The scientific and reasonable fertilizer ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 1.85:1:2.1. Potatoes like to absorb solid nitrogen and absorb more sulfur. According to experiments, every additional kilogram of potassium sulfate fertilizer applied can increase potato yield by 100 to 150 kilograms.

Potato tubers are cold-tolerant vegetables, and their suitable storage temperature is 0-4°C. When stored in a deep well kiln, the temperature and humidity inside are relatively high, and seeds stored inside are prone to germinate, resulting in Nutrient loss in the mother block will result in poor germination; when the trench storage method is used, due to the erratic external temperature, the storage trench is too deep and susceptible to heat damage, resulting in germination or rotten potatoes; if the storage trench is too shallow, it is susceptible to frost damage and loses the value of the seeds. Therefore, using an unused house for winter storage is an ideal storage method. The method is as follows:

2. Winter: Sort the potato seeds, pick out the diseased and disabled ones, and put the healthy potato pieces into nylon bags, each bag contains 20-30 kilograms. Pile them into piles in an idle house with a height of 1.5-2.0 meters. However, the piles must be kept away from the four walls and maintained at a distance of more than 30 cm to prevent them from being invaded by low temperature. Then fill a basin or bowl with clean water and place it in the center of the house. After the Beginning of Winter solar term, the temperature drops. When the water surface shows signs of freezing, cover it with quilts to keep it warm. Hang a thermometer in the house and adjust it according to the temperature display. The thickness of the quilt. At the same time, in the deep winter season, curtains should be hung on the door and curtains on the windows to prevent the cold wind from entering. This method has low investment, easy temperature control, and less seed loss. It is very suitable for farm families. Storage.