Where is the best place to be a base in China? Please explain why. .

I think it is Guanzhong Plain, also called Weihe Plain or Weihe Basin. It is a graben structural plain. Located in the middle of Shaanxi Province, between Qinling Mountain and Weibei Mountain (Laolongshan Mountain, Guishan Mountain, Wangyaoshan Mountain, etc.). ). It starts from Baoji in the west and reaches Tongguan in the east, with an altitude of about 325-800 meters and a length of about 300 kilometers. The width varies from north to south, with the widest in the east reaching100km, about 75km near Xi 'an and only 20km around Meixian. It gradually shrinks into a canyon in Baoji, which looks like a "new moon". It covers an area of about 34,000 square kilometers. It was called "Guanzhong" in ancient times because it was between Hangu Pass and Big Three Pass (one said it was between Hangu Pass, Big Three Pass, Wuguan Pass and Xiaoguan Pass). During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, it was the hometown of Qin State, known as "Qinchuan in 800 Li".

Guanzhong Plain, located in the middle of Shaanxi Province, is the richest place in Shaanxi Province, and it is also the place where China was first called "Huang Jincheng thousands of miles away, the land of abundance".

"Huang Jincheng is thousands of miles away" means that the Guanzhong Plain is surrounded by mountains and rivers, just like a huge natural castle. There are Qinling Mountains in the south-central, Longshan Mountain in the west, Loess Plateau in the north, and Yellow River natural moats in the north and northwest. There is a natural terrain barrier in the east, which is easy to defend but difficult to attack. Since the Warring States period, there has been a saying of "a country with four blockades". Therefore, in the Han Dynasty, Sean used the advantage of "a golden city of thousands of miles" to persuade Liu Bang to make Guanzhong his capital.

People are familiar with Sichuan Basin, which is customarily called "Land of Abundance", that is to say, it is rich in products, just like a land of abundance. In fact, Guan Zhong was the first to be called "Feng". During the Warring States Period, Su Qin told Qin Chen about the plan of "Lian Heng", praising Guanzhong's "fertile land, rich people, numerous chariots, tackling all kinds of difficulties, fertile land and fertile land, accumulating wealth and accumulating little", and said that "this so-called fertile land is also the overlord country in the world", more than half a century earlier than Chengdu Plain was awarded the title of "Land of Abundance". This is because Guanzhong has become a treasure trove of geomantic omen and the capital of emperors since Zheng Guoqu was restored in the Warring States Period.

The Weihe Plain where Chang 'an is located is called Guanzhong because there are Tongguan in the east, Big Three passes in the west, Wuguan in the south and Xiaoguan in the north, all of which are within the four passes, so it is called Guanzhong.

Tongguan

Tongguan is the first of the four customs, which was built by Qin people during the Warring States Period. It faces the Yellow River in the north, just near the mountains, hundreds of miles from east to west. It opens in the cracks of broken mountains and rocks. "Cars are not allowed to follow, and horses are not allowed to ride together." There is a danger, a person guarding it, Wan Fu can't cross. Its real name is Hanguguan, and it was renamed Tongguan after the Eastern Han Dynasty. During the Warring States period, the six countries joined forces to explore the Qin state in the west many times, but it only ended in a tragic end of repeated defeats at Hangu Pass.

Next to the towering river, Shuangfeng has been a battlefield since ancient times.

It is this precipitous battleground that makes Chang 'an as stable as Mount Tai and avoids the war outside the customs.

[big clearance]

The Great Three Pass, also known as Three Pass, is the pass of the Zhou Dynasty, hence its name. The mountains here are steep and mountainous. Because of its north-south traffic throat, it has been the "throat of Sichuan and Shaanxi" since ancient times, and it is a battleground for military strategists. According to historical records, there have been more than 70 battles in the Big Three Pass. When Chu and Han contended, Han Xin "built a plank road in the Ming Dynasty, and secretly crossed Chen Cang" passed through here; During the Three Kingdoms, Cao Cao made a Western Expedition, and Zhang Lu also passed through here. According to Chen Shou's "History of the Three Kingdoms", "In the spring of Jianxing six years, Liang returned to the customs and surrounded Chen Cang, but Cao Zhen refused."

1 13 1 May, 4 years of Jian Yan in the Southern Song Dynasty and 8 years of Jin Tianhui (1 130). After the defeat of the Battle of Fuping in the Song Dynasty, General Wu of the Song Dynasty immediately packed up the beaten army and moved to the original residence of the monk, and just set up a stockade, Song Jinbing. Someone advised Wu to move to Hanzhong and guard the Shu Gate. Wu thought to himself, "I will defend this, and the enemy will never dare to overtake me!" The wall is strong, and he is afraid that I will creep behind, so he wants to protect Shu. "Indeed as expected defeated nomads from attack. In May of the following year, Jin refused to convert to Ulu without Lifu, so the soldiers invaded in two ways. Fengxiang was not set up, and it changed from order, success and Fengzhou to Qing Dynasty. At that time, Wu was short of food and the soldiers had no fighting spirit. Wu and his brother, Wu Lin, gathered the generals, encouraged them with loyalty and sworn in blood, which made the soldiers excited. The Ulu troops arrived first, and in the north of the monk's original array, Song Jun repeatedly fought and lost. At this time, before attacking the Arrow Pass, Wu heavily attacked, so that the soldiers and soldiers could not meet, and they were defeated. In October, Zong Bi (Jin Wushu) dispatched troops from Xihe to spy on Shu, led hundreds of thousands of troops, and built a pontoon bridge from Baoji to cross the Weihe River. Wu Lin and Lei Zhong from Wu Pai. Meet the enemy with their "stationed arrows" And cavalry cut off its route for providing foodstuff, * * * fought more than 30 times, and Hong Yan was defeated by Zong Bi's arrow. Song Jun won the battle.

In order to remember this battle, Lu Fangweng wrote a poem saying: Young people don't know what is difficult, and the Central Plains looks to the North Yue. It snowed all night in the building, and the autumn wind dispersed in the iron horse. Stuck on the Great Wall and make an empty promise, the sideburns in the mirror have long faded. When you debut, you can say your real name, but you can't fight for a thousand years.

Wuguan

Property management has a long history and was established as early as the Spring and Autumn Period. It was named "Shaoxiguan" and changed to "Wuguan" during the Warring States Period. In the Spring and Autumn Period, Qin built this pass, Han and Tang Dynasties, which was the Xiongguan fortress in the south of Chang 'an, Kyoto. Guancheng is built on the high ground between narrow valleys, with Shaoxi Mountain in the north and Wuguan River in the south, which is magnificent and dangerous. During the Spring and Autumn Period, Laozi rode a green ox and passed through Wuguan, where he left a moral classic of 5,000 words, which was passed down through the ages.

The Complete Tang Poetry contains several poems about Wuguan written by Li She, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, a poem about staying in Wuguan again and a poem about history, all of which are quatrains in seven words. The full text of Stay in Wuguan is as follows: Farewell to Wan Li and Qin Cheng, and enter Shangzhou through the chaotic mountains. When the door is closed, the cold current is not locked, and the guest delivers it overnight. Du Mu also wrote "Wuguan Topic": "Bixi left me for Kanto, and I was poor with a smile. Zheng Xiu's favour was charming and charming, and Qu Yuan's exile was chaotic. The gables are still there, and it is empty to spit and swallow. Now the holy family is everywhere, and the flag is long at sunset.

Ozeki

Xiaoguan is a famous pass in ancient northwest China. The emperors of Qin and Han dynasties went on patrol, and the literati of Han and Tang dynasties went out to the fortress, all of which were predestined friends with Xiao Guan. The location of Xiaoguan is controversial, but it is not controversial in the southeast of Guyuan County, Ningxia.

Xiao Guan is not an independent pass, it is closely related to Qin Changcheng's strategic position. Villages and towns built along the Great Wall in Qin Changcheng and Huan County form a complete defense system. In addition, the three towers of Guo 'er Mountain, Huangyushan Mountain and Chengdong Plateau around the county, as well as the city defense barriers of Chengzigang, Shenjiatai and Chengdong Goukou, surround the county and form a solid artificial barrier. Built on the commanding heights of Xiaoguan, the three pagodas can not only echo each other from a distance, but also overlook all areas where the three rivers meet, such as Huanjiang, Chengxichuan and Chengdong Valley. 5 square kilometers of valleys, mountains, rivers, roads and cottages inside and outside the pass have a panoramic view, forming a three-dimensional defense system. Its elaborate design and ingenious layout amazed the world.

Xiaoguan in Qin and Han Dynasties should refer to the dangerous zone from Sanjiangkou to Wating Gorge. Although it is not a cliff, it is steep and majestic. Wating Pavilion, located in this defensive zone and at the edge of the eastern foot of Liupanshan Mountain, is essentially an important barrier for Xiao Guan. There are not only male peaks and arches, deep valleys and obstacles, but also unique geographical advantages. Moreover, there are three passes from the south to attack Zhengxia, which is a natural defense system formed by Xiao Guan from south to north.

The Tang Dynasty followed Xiao Guan in Qin and Han Dynasties, aiming at reviving the glory of Xiao Guan in Qin and Han Dynasties. Its general orientation should be in Shixiakou, Haiyuan County, Ningxia. The Song Dynasty and the Xiaoguan site have roughly the same trend. One said that in today's Gaoya area in the northeast of Haiyuan County, Ningxia; One said that in Nanhong Ancient City, Tongmin County. In fact, the ancient ruins of Shixiakou Pass and Honggu Town are both military facilities in the defense system of Xiaoguan in Song Dynasty, which should include Honggu Town and Shixiakou Pass, and are the ruins of Xiaoguan in Song Dynasty.

The Xiaoguan Ancient Road is also a part of the Silk Road, which has played an extremely important role for the people of Longyou to live and work in peace and contentment, develop economy, exchange culture, prosper trade and facilitate transportation. If the Great Wall is an extremely important cultural belt in the cultural history of China, then Xiaoguan is also a brilliant link in this cultural belt. Wang Wei once wrote "March on the Fortress": Bikes should ask about the border, which is a country that has lived for a long time. Sweat on the bill, and the goose will return to Hu Tian. The vast desert is lonely, and the Yellow River sets the yen. Xiao Guan rides it every time, and it is protected in Yanran.